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IEEE sensors

作者： Maria Sabrina Sarto Department of Astronautics Electrical and Energy Engineering & Research Center for Nanotechnology applied to Engineering Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy D 4 Health Foundation Rome Italy

ISBN: (数字)9798350363517

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363524

Public health systems worldwide rely on limited resources and are under great pressure for the increased costs of diagnostic and therapeutic paths. The direction to mitigate these critical issues is the adoption of value-based healthcare (VBH) procedures. Moving forward to a VBH approach, in line with 5P guidelines (preventive, precision, participated, personalized & predictive medicine), requires the single patient-tailored assessment of a correct diagnosis, prediction of disease prognosis, response to standard of care treatment, including assessment of adverse side effects. The fulfillment of this need requires a high dimensional data integration approach, based on clinical data collection, storage and analysis, artificial intelligence (AI)-based solutions and wearable sensor technologies for a continuous collection of patients' relevant health and day-life information. In an ideal scenario, provided the possibility to retrieve multiparametric and multimodality data, the ability to use digital simulation, such as digital and biological twins, to predict prognostic and/or therapy response outcomes for each single patient would be desirable. Within this contest, the advent of manufacturing smart sensors has revolutionized the development of wearable devices, especially electronic skin (e-skin), opening the route to the creation of systems that mimic the sensory capabilities of human skin. These sensors, fabricated using advanced techniques on flexible and stretchable substrates, are crucial for enabling wearable sensors to detect a wide range of stimuli, including pressure, temperature, and humidity, enabling the creating of the patient's digital twin. The production of these sensors involves the integration of nanomaterials, such as graphene and other conductive polymers, which offer high sensitivity and durability while maintaining flexibility. Moreover, with advancements in flexible substrates and the miniaturization of electronic components, these systems have e

关键词： Temperature sensors Temperature distribution Production Robot sensing systems Digital twins Wearable devices Wearable sensors Substrates Intelligent sensors Standards

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Armbot Using Raspberry-Pi

Armbot Using Raspberry-Pi

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International Conference on Science Technology Engineering and Management (ICONSTEM)

作者： Raghav Khunteta Sambhav Bhansali D Marshiana Rika Mallika Amarja Pote Symbiosis Institute of Technology Pune Campus Symbiosis International (Deemed University) Pune India

ISBN: (数字)9798350365092

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365108

This paper presents the design, implementation, and control of a robotic arm using Raspberry- pi, aiming to provide an intuitive and user-friendly interface for remote manipulation of the arm's movements. The system consists of mechanical components, sensors, microcontrollers, and an Android application for remote operation. It enables seamless communication between the gaming console/keyboard and the robotic arm through a wireless connection, allowing real-time control and monitoring of the arm's movements. The control algorithm focuses on accuracy, precision, and safety, incorporating collision detection and force feedback mechanisms. The paper discusses challenges faced during the design and implementation process, including mechanical design considerations, sensor integration, wireless communication protocols, and real-time control synchronization.

关键词： Wireless communication Mechanical sensors Wireless sensor networks Technological innovation Automation Manipulators Robot sensing systems

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Towards integrated position sensors with nanometer precision 3

Towards integrated position sensors with nanometer precision

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Conference on Emerging Applications in Silicon Photonics III

作者： Schulz, Sebastian A. Beck, Paul Wynne, Laura C. Iadanza, Simone O'Faolain, Liam Banzer, Peter Univ St Andrews Sch Phys & Astron SUPA St Andrews KY16 9SS Scotland Max Planck Inst Sci Light Staudtstr 2 D-91058 Erlangen Germany Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nuremberg Dept Phys Inst Opt Informat & Photon Staudtstr 7-B2 D-91058 Erlangen Germany Munster Technol Univ Ctr Adv Photon & Proc Anal Cork T12 P928 Ireland Tyndall Natl Inst Cork T12 R5CP Ireland Graz Univ NAWI Graz Inst Phys Univ Pl 5 A-8010 Graz Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781510657403;9781510657410

The ability to precisely measure the displacement between two elements, e.g. a mask and a substrate or a beam and optical elements, is fundamental to many precision experiments and processes. Yet typical optical displacement sensors struggle to go significantly below the diffraction limit. Here we combine advances in our understanding of directional scattering from nanoparticles with silicon photonic waveguides to demonstrate a displacement sensor with deep subwavelength accuracy. Depending on the level of integration and waveguide geometry used we achieve a spatial resolution between 5 - 7 nm, equivalent to approximately lambda/200 - lambda/300.

关键词： silicon photonics directional scattering sensors integrated optics photonic integrated circuits

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D-LIOM: Tightly-Coupled Direct LiDAR-Inertial Odometry and Mapping

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA 2023年 25卷 3905-3920页

作者： Wang, Zhong Zhang, Lin Shen, Ying Zhou, Yicong Tongji Univ Sch Software Engn Shanghai 201804 Peoples R China Univ Macau Dept Comp & Informat Sci Macau 999078 Peoples R China

Simultaneous localization and mapping via LiDARInertial fusion is a crucial technology in many automation-related applications. Recently, a number of approaches based on geometric features have evolved, yielding impressive results via tightly-coupled estimation. This sort of feature-based techniques, however, are inextricably linked to the scanning mechanism of the LiDAR, relying on stable feature detection, and thus are difficult to adapt to multi-LiDAR systems. A few "direct" solutions, on the other hand, register the raw point cloud with the built probability map, which is more computationally efficient and easy to be extended. But, the existing direct approaches are all loosely-coupled, lacking correction of the IMU biases, and thus only work well in 2D cases. To this end, we present D-LIOM, a tightly-coupled Direct LiDAR-Inertial Odometry and Mapping framework. In D-LIOM, a scan is directly registered to a probability submap, and the LiDAR odometry, the IMU pre-integration, and the gravity constraint are integrated to build a local factor graph in the submap's time window, allowing the system to perform real-time high-precision pose estimation. Furthermore, to eliminate accumulated errors in time, we detect loops and adjust the sparse pose graph based on mutual matching of projected 2D submaps, allowing D-LIOM to run stably in large-scale scenes. In addition, to improve its flexibility to varied sensor combinations, D-LIOM supports multi-LiDAR inputs and facilitates the initialization with a common 6-axis IMU. Extensive experiments demonstrate that D-LIOM largely outperforms the existing state-of-the-art counterparts in mapping effect and localization accuracy as well as with high time efficiency. Lastly, to ensure that our results are entirely reproducible, all necessary data and codes are made open-source available. One introduction video can also be found on the online website.

关键词： Feature extraction Laser radar Simultaneous localization and mapping Point cloud compression sensors Three-dimensional displays Gravity LiDAR-Inertial odometry SLAM loop detection data fusion

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Modular sensor integration into Soft Robots using Stretchable Wires for Nuclear Infrastructure Inspection and Radiation Spectroscopy

Modular Sensor Integration into Soft Robots using Stretchabl...

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IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft)

作者： Calder Wilson Joseph Karam Callen Votzke Farhan Rozaidi Camille J. Palmer Ross L. Hatton Matthew L. Johnston School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Corvallis OR USA Collaborative Robotics and Intelligent Systems Institute Corvallis OR USA School of Nuclear Science & Engineering Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA

Soft robots are uniquely suited for applications in inspection, search and rescue, and exploration in confined and unstructured environments. Leveraging the benefits of these soft robots will increasingly require the integration of equally compliant electronic components for sensing, actuation, control, and computation to maintain mechanical conformability at the system level. In this work, we demonstrate the integration of modular electronic sensors into a robotic snake platform using stretchable interconnects. Aimed at applications in nuclear infrastructure inspection, included sensors include visual perception and on-board radiation spectroscopy. In addition to high mechanical compliance, the stretchable interconnect enables physical separation of analog sensors and digital electronics for use in radiation environments. We present details of stretchable electronics fabrication and integration, standalone validation of integrated sensors, and field test results from a simulated nuclear infrastructure inspection task.

关键词： Mechanical sensors Fabrication Spectroscopy Visualization Wires Soft robotics Inspection

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Recent Advances and Future Perspectives in the E-Nose Technologies Addressed to the Wine Industry

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sensors 2024年第7期24卷 2293页

作者： Alfieri, Gianmarco Modesti, Margherita Riggi, Riccardo Bellincontro, Andrea Univ Tuscia Dept Innovat Biol Agrofood & Forest Syst Via S Camillo de Lellis I-01100 Viterbo Italy

Electronic nose devices stand out as pioneering innovations in contemporary technological research, addressing the arduous challenge of replicating the complex sense of smell found in humans. Currently, sensor instruments find application in a variety of fields, including environmental, (bio)medical, food, pharmaceutical, and materials production. Particularly the latter, has seen a significant increase in the adoption of technological tools to assess food quality, gradually supplanting human panelists and thus reshaping the entire quality control paradigm in the sector. This process is happening even more rapidly in the world of wine, where olfactory sensory analysis has always played a central role in attributing certain qualities to a wine. In this review, conducted using sources such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science, we examined papers published between January 2015 and January 2024. The aim was to explore prevailing trends in the use of human panels and sensory tools (such as the E-nose) in the wine industry. The focus was on the evaluation of wine quality attributes by paying specific attention to geographical origin, sensory defects, and monitoring of production trends. Analyzed results show that the application of E-nose-type sensors performs satisfactorily in that trajectory. Nevertheless, the integration of this type of analysis with more classical methods, such as the trained sensory panel test and with the application of destructive instrument volatile compound (VOC) detection (e.g., gas chromatography), still seems necessary to better explore and investigate the aromatic characteristics of wines.

关键词： E-nose wine industry volatile organic compounds (VOCs) sensors flavor analysis

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Vector High-Resolution Marine Turbulence sensor Based on a MEMS Bionic Cilium-Shaped Structure

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IEEE sensors JOURNAL 2021年第7期21卷 8741-8750页

作者： Zhang, Wenjun Hao, Congcong Zhang, Zengxing Yang, Shasha Peng, Jiali Wu, Bin Xue, Xiaobin Zang, Junbin Chen, Xu Yang, Hua Song, Dalei Xue, Chenyang Zhang, Zhidong Wang, Renxin North Univ China Sch Instrument & Elect Taiyuan 030051 Peoples R China North Univ China Key Lab Instrumentat Sci & Dynam Measurement Taiyuan 030051 Peoples R China North Univ China Coll Informat & Commun Engn Taiyuan 030051 Peoples R China Ocean Univ China Dept Oceanog Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci Qingdao 266000 Peoples R China Ocean Univ China Coll Informat Sci & Engn Dept Elect Engn Qingdao 266000 Peoples R China Ocean Univ China Coll Engn Dept Automat & Measurement Qingdao 266000 Peoples R China

Studies show that the detection of vector turbulence characteristics is of significant importance for further cognition of the marine turbulence mechanism. However, a succedent research process may be impeded by the detection dimensionality of existing marine turbulence sensors. In the present study, a vector high-resolution turbulence sensor (VHTS) is designed from a cilium-shaped structure. The designed VHTS is based on the bionic principle and the MEMS manufacturing technology. A systematic investigation is conducted to improve the VHTS and meet the stringent requirements in marine applications. The measuring sensitivity and natural frequency of the VHTS are balanced by performing theoretical analyses and numerical simulations. Moreover, the vector detection mechanism of the sensitive microstructure is analyzed. Then the designed VHTS is fabricated and encapsulated elaborately by MEMS processes and three-dimensional heterogeneous integration. The calibration experiments show that the sensitivity of the designed VHTS is up to 2.68 x 10(-2) (V.m.s(2))/kg. The vector verification testing exhibits the excellent orientation behaviors of the designed VHTS, indicating the feasibility of the VHTS to realize the detection of vector turbulence characteristics. The present study may provide a new opportunity for accurate observation and mechanism cognition of turbulence.

关键词： MEMS sensors turbulence sensors bionic vector detection high-resolution

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Stability Enhancement of Galvanic Redox Potentiometry by Optimizing the Redox Couple in Counterpart Poles

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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2023年第21期95卷 8232-8238页

作者： Wei, Huan Li, Lijuan Xue, Yifei Yu, Ping Mao, Lanqun Beijing Normal Univ Coll Chem Beijing 100875 Peoples R China Peking Univ Third Hosp Dept Otorhinolaryngol Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Chem Beijing Natl Lab Mol Sci Key Lab Analyt Chem Living Biosyst Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

Potentiometry based on the galvanic cell mechanism, i.e.,galvanicredox potentiometry (GRP), has recently emerged as a new tool forin vivo neurochemical sensing with high neuronal compatibility andgood sensing property. However, the stability of open circuit voltage(E (OC)) outputting remains to be furtherimproved for in vivo sensing application. In this study, we find thatthe E (OC) stability could be enhanced byadjusting the sort and the concentration ratio of the redox couplein the counterpart pole (i.e., indicating electrode) of GRP. Withdopamine (DA) as the sensing target, we construct a spontaneouslypowered single-electrode-based GRP sensor (GRP(2.0)) andinvestigate the correlation between the stability and the redox coupleused in the counterpart pole. Theoretical consideration suggests thatthe E (OC) drift is minimum when the concentrationratio of the oxidized form (O-1) to the reduced form (R-1) of the redox species in the backfilled solution is 1:*** experimental results demonstrate that, compared with other redoxspecies (i.e., dissolved O-2 at 3 M KCl, potassium ferricyanide(K3Fe-(CN)(6)), and hexaammineruthenium-(III) chloride(Ru-(NH3)(6)Cl-3)) used as the counterpartpole, potassium hexachloroiridate-(IV) (K2IrCl6) exhibits better chemical stability and outputs more stable E (OC). As a result, when IrCl6 (2-/3-) with the concentration ratio of 1:1 is used as the counterpart,GRP(2.0) displays not only an excellent E (OC) stability (i.e., 3.8 mV drifting during 2200 s forin vivo recording) but also small electrode-to-electrode variation(i.e., the maximum E (OC) variation betweenfour electrodes is 2.7 mV). Upon integration with the electrophysiology,GRP(2.0) records a robust DA release, accompanied by a burstof neural firing, during the optical stimulation. This study pavesa new avenue to stable neurochemical sensing in vivo.

关键词： Electrodes Potassium Redox reactions sensors Stability

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Energy-Efficiency Computation Offloading Strategy in UAV Aided V2X Network With Integrated Sensing and Communication

IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF THE COMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY

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IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF THE COMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY 2022年 3卷 1337-1346页

作者： Liu, Qian Liang, Hairong Luo, Rui Liu, Qilie Chongqing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Commun & Informat Engn Chongqing 400065 Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Posts & Telecommun Chongqing Key Lab Mobile Commun Technol Chongqing 400065 Peoples R China Nanchang Inst Technol Coll Elect & Informat Engn Nanchang 330000 Jiangxi Peoples R China

Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) technology can jointly design radio sensing and communication functionalities, which enable 6G Ere to have the ability to "see" the physical world rather than communication-only. Benefitting from ISAC, vehicular-to-everything (V2X) networks may efficiently complete high-precision traffic environment perception. Furthermore, with the assistance of flexibly deployed Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), the V2X networks overcome the limited sensing range of sensors equipped on a vehicle and guarantee safe driving. This paper proposes an energy-efficient computation offloading strategy for multiple sensor data fusion in UAV Aided V2X Network supported by Integrated Sensing and Communication. Firstly, a vehicle-UAV cooperative perception architecture is proposed to perceive a wide range of traffic environments. Secondly, we introduce a computation offloading strategy jointly considering offloading decisions and dynamic computing resource allocation. Finally, a successive convex approximation (SCA) algorithm transforms a non-convex formulation problem into a tractable convex approximation problem. The simulation results show that the strategy proposed in this paper reduces the UAV energy consumption and data fusion task processing delay.

关键词： Task analysis Data integration Intelligent sensors Energy consumption Computational modeling Autonomous aerial vehicles Vehicle-to-everything Unmanned aerial vehicles vehicular-to-everything mobile computing integrated sensing and communication successive convex approximation

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Wireless sensor Networks: From Fundamentals and Applications to Innovations and Future Trends

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 96365-96399页

作者： Maria Trigka Elias Dritsas Department of Informatics and Computer Engineering University of West Attica Egaleo Park Campus Athens Greece

Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs) have transformed data acquisition and processing across diverse domains such as environmental monitoring, healthcare, and industrial automation. Recent advancements in areas such as federated intelligence, blockchain-based trust mechanisms, and quantum sensing are reshaping the landscape of WSNs. Yet, their full implications for next-generation applications demand deeper exploration. This survey is driven by the need to synthesize these emerging directions through a forward-looking and interdisciplinary lens, highlighting their transformative potential in evolving WSNs into intelligent, autonomous systems. It examines key solutions in energy harvesting, adaptive communication, and edge intelligence, which address persistent constraints like limited energy availability, dynamic topologies, and scalability. Moreover, it highlights the integration of WSNs with disruptive technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and digital twins, enabling intelligent, autonomous systems capable of real-time analytics. Critical energy optimization, security, and data management challenges are explored alongside cutting-edge solutions like federated learning (FL), quantum sensing, and blockchain-based trust mechanisms. Future research directions emphasize bio-inspired architectures, hybrid communication in extreme environments, and efficient multi-modal data fusion. This survey serves as a foundational reference for researchers and practitioners seeking to design resilient, intelligent WSN-based systems for the next generation of applications.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Security Surveys Computer architecture Technological innovation sensors Scalability Protocols Market research Environmental monitoring

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