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13th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Sworder, DD Boyd, JE Univ Calif San Diego Dept Elect & Comp Engn La Jolla CA 92093 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819441872

Without range measurements, a sensor platform must execute a nontrivial motion if good target location estimates are to be generated with conventional tracking algorithms. This paper shows that even a stationary image-based tracker can provide good location estimates when the target maneuvers. A tight cover region is generated with the proposed algorithm, and is compared with a more general bound.

关键词： nonlinear filters target tracking data fusion

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A LOW-POWER ANALOG SAMPLED-data VLSI ARCHITECTURE FOR EQUALIZATION AND FDTS/DF DETECTION

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS 1995年第2期31卷 1202-1207页

作者： CARLEY, LR BRACKEN, KC MITTAL, R PARK, J Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

The design philosophy behind a low-power integrated circuit architecture for implementing an FDTS/DF magnetic recording channel is presented. The goal of this philosophy is to achieve high clock speed, moderate power consumption, and relatively small die area. The principle components that are considered are a programmable FIR sampled-data analog equalizer and an analog sampled-data FDTS/DF detector. These blocks are implemented using sampled-data analog signal processing circuitry to avoid the need for a high-speed high-power analog-to-digital converter. Novel features of the FIR equalizer architecture include sampling of current rather than voltage, which allows extremely high sampling bandwidth;and, analog multiplication using MOS devices in their linear region which achieves a power dissipation on the order of 5mW/tap at 100MS/s.

关键词： Very large scale integration Finite impulse response filter Equalizers signal sampling Magnetic recording Clocks Energy consumption Detectors signal processing Circuits

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Prototype system for multi-sensor tracking with sensor bias correction

Prototype system for multi-sensor tracking with sensor bias ...

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conference on signal and data processing of small targets 2000

作者： Easthope, PF Adv Syst Architecture Ltd Alton GU34 4PU Hants England

ISBN: (纸本)0819436747

Fusion tracking using data from multiple, distributed sensors will only be successful if the bias associated with each platform can be estimated and removed before data fusion is attempted. In many cases, the sensors cannot be reliably calibrated in advance and it is necessary to rely upon targets of opportunity. Bias estimation must then become part of an integrated data fusion system. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of such system, using TOTS to provide the multi-model, multi-sensor tracking capability, with additional functionality to support the bias estimation and correction based on whatever common targets are observed. Such a prototype system is shown to be effective, and is valuable in highlighing the main issues that must be addressed before a full system can be fielded.

关键词： Sensors Prototyping data fusion Passive sensors Sensor calibration Calibration data corrections Logic 3D acquisition Reliability

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Block-Division Based Ultra-wideband Fusion of Multiple Radar Bands for Resolution Enhanced Imagery 12

Block-Division Based Ultra-wideband Fusion of Multiple Radar...

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12th International conference on signal processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS)

作者： Yuan, Saisai Chen, Chengzeng Xu, Xiaojian Beihang Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Beijing Peoples R China Beijing Inst Radio Measurement Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538656020

Parametric model based ultra-wideband fusion of multiple radar band data is usually not directly applicable to radar image processing for large sized complex targets, due to the fact that the required model orders are extremely high. In this paper, a block-division based data fusion technique is proposed, which can be used for multiple radar band fusion over ultra-wide bandwidth and image resolution enhancement for complex targets. In image domain, a large sized complex target is first divided into small blocks for each radar band. Each block is then equivalent to a small sized simple target whose missing phase history data between two different radar bands can be interpolated based on parametric models derived from the measurement data of the corresponding bands. Resolution enhanced image can then be reconstructed by integrating all the image blocks generated from the multi-band fused data. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed technique.

关键词： radar imaging ultra-wideband data fusion complex target block-division

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Real-world tracking system performance evaluation

Real-world tracking system performance evaluation

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14th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Blackman, SS Dempster, RJ Raytheon Elect Syst El Segundo CA 90245 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819444782

Preliminary tracking system design and analysis is typically done using simulated data in which the target truth is known and many techniques have been developed for evaluating performance under these conditions. However, there is a notable lack of any consistent approach for evaluating tracker performance for "real" data in which there may be an unknown number of "targets of opportunity" whose trajectories are not known. In addition, the background clutter/false alarm environment may be unknown so that an important analysis task is to determine the most accurate background models. This paper proposes a set of criteria for evaluating the tracks that are formed using "real" data collected in the field in the presence of an unknown number of "targets of opportunity". These criteria include duration, update history, and measures of kinematic and data association consistency. A scoring method is developed and the use of these criteria for system design is discussed.

关键词： multiple target tracking performance evaluation real data

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Tracking ground vehicles on a grid

Tracking ground vehicles on a grid

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16th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Sworder, DD Boyd, JE Univ Calif San Diego Dept Elect & Comp Engn La Jolla CA 92093 USA

ISBN: (纸本)081945351X

Hybrid models have proven useful for tracking targets with multiple motion modes. Most emphasis in the literature has been devoted to aircraft which transition from constant velocity motion to constant (or nearly constant) turns and back. Ground targets motions have received less attention despite similarities with aircraft. This paper presents a study of the ground-tracking problem using the Gaussian wavelet estimator as the basic algorithm. The sensor suite contains a matrix of range-bearing sensors of quality that is strongly range dependent. There also may be an acoustic sensor which provides an auxiliary speed measurement. It is shown that the high degree of partitioning of the kinematic state space provided by the algorithm is useful in this application.

关键词： nonlinear filters target tracking data fusion

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Radar sea reflection for low-e-targets

Radar sea reflection for low-e-targets

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conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Chow, WC Groves, GW US Bur Census Demog Stat Methods Div Current Populat Survey Branch Washington DC 20233 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819428221

Modeling radar signal reflection from a wavy sea surface uses a realistic characteristic of the large surface features and parametrizes the effect of the small roughness elements. Representation of the reflection coefficient at each point of the sea surface as a function of the Specular Deviation Angle is, to our knowledge, a novel approach. The objective is to achieve enough simplification and retain enough fidelity to obtain a practical multipath model. The "Specular Deviation Angle" as used in this investigation is defined and explained. Being a function of the sea elevations, which are stochastic in nature, this quantity is also random and has a. probability density function. This density function depends on the relative geometry of the antenna. and target positions, and together with the beam-broadening effect of the small surface ripples determines the reflectivity of the sea surface at each point. The probability density function of the Specular Deviation Angle is derived. The distribution of the Specular Deviation Angle as function of position on the mean sea surface is described.

关键词： multipath waves radar reflection probability density

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data Modeling for Nonlinear Track Prediction of targets through Obscurations

Data Modeling for Nonlinear Track Prediction of Targets thro...

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conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Jaenisch, Holger Handley, James Johns Hopkins Univ Zanvyl Krieger Sch Baltimore MD 21218 USA Licht Strahl Engn INC Toney AL 35773 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819490711

A novel algorithm for predicting target tracks through obscurations is introduced. This prediction method uses radar ground track indicators and the hidden transfer function (HTF) to predict future target locations. The HTF method is described in detail, and results provided that quantify track accuracy, forecast accuracy, and the percentage of tracks exiting an obscuration occurring that occur within the forecasted region. Five different classifier methods are shown for labeling short segments of track history. Each classifier method is scored and significance testing used to determine that the data Model and SMART lookup table (LUT) were significantly better than the other classifier approaches.

关键词： data Modeling Random Forest Spatial Voting Predictive lookup tables Smart lookup tables

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Noise-induced outpulsing technique for energy efficiency improvement of laser radar systems

Noise-induced outpulsing technique for energy efficiency imp...

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conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Serikova, Maria G. Lebedko, Evgeny G. St Petersburg State Univ Informat Technol Mech & St Petersburg 197101 Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9780819487476

There are stringent false alarm probability demands on laser radar systems systems, although their operation is often accompanied by a complex target environment, when the signal-to-noise ratio is low. New signal processing technique for laser radar systems is suggested. The technique provides detection of a backscattered signal from a target during an interval between a receiver noise bursts A pulse shoot is matched with a trailing edge of a noise burst, and the signal presence decision is made according to leading edge of the next burst. There is a contradiction between the impulse frequency and false alarm probability demands, that is why double-threshold processing is offered. The lower level induces outpulsing while the higher one determines target detection performance. Since duration of such sophisticated time intervals is random, statistic analysis was made via numerical model. The technique is aimed at providing low false alarm probability and energy efficiency of the system at the same time.

关键词： laser radar system signal detection low signal-to-noise ratio processing levels-crossing interval distribution energy efficiency

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High-resolution radar ranging for multiple targets

High-resolution radar ranging for multiple targets

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14th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Wang, Z Willett, P Bar-Shalom, Y Blair, WD Univ Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819444782

The similarity between the multiple-target radar ranging problem and the multi-user detection problem in CDMA is drawn: in CDMA, users' bits modulate distinct but correlated signature signals;while, in radar, the "bits" are range-bin occupancies and the "signatures" correspond to the known transmitted signal translated to be centered on the appropriate range bin. The analogy is useful: there has been a great deal of recent experience in CDMA, and one of the best and fastest algorithms uses a variant of probabilistic data association (PDA, the target-tracking philosopk). PDA can be augmented by group decision feedback (GDF) - another idea from CDMA - to refine the target delay- estimates;and finally minimum description length (MDL) is applied to estimate the munber of targets. Simulation examples are given to illustrate the resolution of closely-spaced targets within what would normally- be thought the same range bin. Its performance is also compared with the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) and the alternating projection (AP) algorithm.

关键词： Personal digital assistants Radar Detection and tracking algorithms Target detection Expectation maximization algorithms signal detection signal to noise ratio Ranging Correlation function Modulation

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