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On-Edge Multi-Task Transfer Learning: Model and Practice With Data-Driven Task Allocation (vol 31, pg 1357, 2020)

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED systems 2020年第11期31卷 2569-2569页

作者： Chen, Qiong Zheng, Zimu Hu, Chuang Wang, Dan Liu, Fangming Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Minist Educ Natl Engn Res Ctr Big Data Technol & Syst Sch Comp Sci & TechnolKey Lab Serv Comp Technol Wuhan 430074 Hubei Peoples R China Huawei Technol Co Ltd Cloud BU Tech Innovat Dept Edge Cloud Innovat Lab Shenzhen 518129 Peoples R China Hong Kong Polytech Univ Dept Comp Kowloon Hong Kong Peoples R China

On edge devices, data scarcity occurs as a common problem where transfer learning serves as a widely-suggested remedy. Nevertheless, transfer learning imposes heavy computation burden to the resource-constrained edge devices. Existing task allocation works usually assume all submitted tasks are equally important, leading to inefficient resource allocation at a task level when directly applied in Multi-task Transfer Learning (MTL). To address these issues, we first reveal that it is crucial to measure the impact of tasks on overall decision performance improvement and quantify \ntask importance\n. We then show that task allocation with task importance for MTL (TATIM) is a variant of NP-complete Knapsack problem, where the complicated computation to solve this problem needs to be conducted repeatedly under varying contexts. To solve TATIM with high computational efficiency, we propose a Data-driven Cooperative Task Allocation (DCTA) approach. Finally, we evaluate the performance of DCTA by not only a trace-driven simulation, but also a new comprehensive real-world AIOps case study which bridges model and practice via a new architecture and main components design within AIOps system. Extensive experiments show that our DCTA reduces 3.24 times of processing time, and saves 48.4 percent energy consumption compared with the state-of-the-art when solving TATIM.

关键词： Task analysis Resource management image edge detection Data models Machine learning performance evaluation Computational modeling

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Model-Based System Design and evaluation of image processing Architectures with SimTAny Framework 19th

Model-Based System Design and Evaluation of Image Processing...

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19th International GI/ITG Conference on Measurement, Modelling and evaluation of Computing systems (MMB)

作者： Deitsch, Anna Schneider, Vitali Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nuremberg Dept Comp Sci 7 Martensstr 3 D-91058 Erlangen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319749471;9783319749464

Becoming a ubiquitous part of a huge number of various applications, image processing algorithms and underling architectures have to meet many different requirements. Some have real-time performance constraints combined with demands on efficient implementation for limited or various hardware resources. This poses particular challenges for design, implementation, and evaluation of efficient image processing systems. In this paper, we present a model-based approach to address these issues using our framework SimTAny. Founded on the standard modeling language UML, we propose the UML image Proccessing Language (UIPL) to facilitate expressing image processing application algorithms directly in UML, which is especially beneficial for rapid modeling. With the help of SimTAny, such design models can be simulated in order to investigate the performance of a modeled system, to determine optimal design solutions, and to validate the required properties. We extend SimTAny to enable the generation of efficient implementation code of image processing algorithms for different target architectures. The code generated is then directly integrated in the simulation environment to increase the accuracy of our performance evaluations.

关键词： Model driven engineering UML SysML MARTE image processing applications High-level synthesis

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Co-simulation method for hardware/software evaluation using Xilinx system generator: a case study on image compression algorithms for capsule endoscopy 12

Co-simulation method for hardware/software evaluation using ...

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12th International Conference on signal processing and Communication systems (ICSPCS)

作者： Al-Shebani, Qasim Premaratne, Prashan Vial, Peter J. McAndrew, Darryl J. Halloran, Brendan Univ Wollongong Fac Engn & Informat Sci Sch Elect Comp & Telecommun Engn Northfield Ave Wollongong NSW Australia Univ Wollongong Fac Sci Med & Hlth Sch Med Northfield Ave Wollongong NSW Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538656020

Testing using the co-simulation method of an algorithm is important to visualize the hardware performance of the algorithm. This study aims to introduce a method for comparing the hardware performance of two different algorithms with a focus on the existing compression system for capsule endoscopy as a case study. The size limitation of capsule endoscopy which constrains the power source and the complexity of the hardware utilization are the main reasons for selecting the capsule endoscopy compression system for this case study. Undertaking a comparison between different algorithms from the existing image compression algorithms in capsule endoscopy can highlight the main testing steps of the co-simulation testing method. To allow a fair comparison, the hardware co-simulation is implemented using the same FPGA device for the methods compared in this study and the results acquired are discussed.

关键词： image compression hardware simulation Xilinx design capsule endoscopy

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An evaluation of the Equivalent Inverter modeling Approach

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CIRCUITS systems AND signal processing 2018年第7期37卷 2665-2693页

作者： Messaris, Ioannis Galani, Christina Ntogramatzi, Maria Karagiorgos, Nikolaos Chaourani, Panagiotis Tzormpatzoglou, Andreas Goudos, Sotirios Nikolaidis, Spyridon Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki Dept Phys Thessaloniki 54124 Greece

Accurate modeling of CMOS logic gates for timing and power characterization is a very important task in integrated circuits technology since it facilitates significantly the design phase. Parametric models provide flexibility in determining the circuit performance in various design corners. However, the direct analysis of a complex CMOS gate aiming in an analytical and parametric model is a difficult and cumbersome task. An alternative way to model these gates is by using the equivalent inverter approach. According to this, an inverter with appropriate transistor widths is defined in order to present the same response with the complex gate it models. The challenge with this approach is to propose a simple method to predict the appropriate transistor widths of the equivalent inverter. Then, an analytical model for the CMOS inverter can be used to provide estimates for the complex gates. In this paper, a macro-modeling method is proposed for determining the transistor widths of the equivalent inverter and a technique for providing parametric expressions for these widths in terms of input transition time, output capacitive load, initial transistor width, supply voltage and temperature. A tool is developed to provide timing and power characterizations for the cells of a digital cell library, much faster than conventional numerical circuit simulators. The results prove the efficiency of the equivalent inverter approach in modeling complex gates.

关键词： CCS compatible CMOS gate modeling Equivalent inverter simulation Timing/power characterization

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image-based end-to-end EO system performance modeling as a design and optimization tool 15

Image-based end-to-end EO system performance modeling as a d...

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Conference on Electro-Optical and Infrared systems - Technology and Applications XV

作者： Hogervorst, M. A. Bijl, P. Fuller, P. Aartsen, R. Jovanov, L. TNO POB 23 Soesterberg Netherlands Thales Angenieux SAS St Heand France ADIMEC Adv Image Syst BV Eindhoven Netherlands Univ Ghent Fac TELIN Ghent Belgium

ISBN: (数字)9781510621749

ISBN: (纸本)9781510621749

image-based Electro-Optical system simulation including an end-to-end performance test is a powerful tool to characterize a camera system before it has been built. In particular, it can be used in the design phase to make an optimal trade-off between performance on the one hand and SWaPC (Size, Weight, Power and Cost) criteria on the other. During the design process, all components can be simulated in detail, including optics, sensor array properties, chromatic and geometrical lens corrections, signal processing, and compression. Finally, the overall effect on the outcome can be visualized, evaluated and can be optimized. In this study, we developed a detailed model of the CMOS camera system imaging chain (including scene, image processing and display). The model simulation was evaluated by comparing simulated (display) imagery with recorded image using both physical (SNR) and psychophysical measures (acuity and contrast thresholds using the TOD-methodology with a human observer) for a range of conditions: different light levels, moving stimuli with different speeds, movies and single frames. The performance analysis show that the model simulations are largely in line with the recorded sensor images with some minor deviations. The result of the study is a detailed, validated and powerful sensor performance prediction model. This project has received funding from the Electronic Component systems for European Leadership Joint Undertaking.

关键词： TOD sensor test sensor model Target Acquisition EO IR ECOMOS EOSTAR

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On the performance Analysis of Active Visual 3D Reconstruction in Multi-agent Networks

On the Performance Analysis of Active Visual 3D Reconstructi...

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International Conference on Wireless Communications and signal processing (WCSP)

作者： Qier An Yuan Shen Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Beijing China

Visual 3D reconstruction builds the 3D map of the environment from images and is essential in a wide range of applications such as robotics, augmented reality and relic preservation. In this paper, we integrate the visual 3D reconstruction with the mobility of mobile platforms to address the active visual 3D reconstruction problem in multi-agent networks. We first establish a statistical model of the visual 3D reconstruction problem in multi-agent networks. Then we propose a next-best-view selection scheme to find the best camera configuration in active reconstruction. Moreover, we propose a statistical evaluation criterion to substitute traditional laser-scanned-model-based methods to measure the reconstruction quality under certain camera configuration. Numerical results verify the effectiveness of our methods.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Cameras Visualization image reconstruction Solid modeling Robot vision systems

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Underwater image Transmission Using Spatial Modulation Unequal Error Protection for Internet of Underwater Things

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SENSORS 2019年第23期19卷 5271-5271页

作者： Esmaiel, Hamada Qasem, Zeyad A. H. Sun, Haixin Wang, Junfeng Rehman Junejo, Naveed Ur Xiamen Univ Sch Informat Dept Informat & Commun Xiamen 361005 Peoples R China Aswan Univ Dept Elect Engn Fac Engn Aswan 81542 Egypt Xiamen Univ Sch Informat Xiamen 316005 Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Technol Sch Elect & Elect Engn Dept Informat & Commun Engn Tianjin 300383 Peoples R China

A spatial modulation (SM) scheme has been developed as a hopeful candidate for spectral and energy-efficient wireless communication systems, as it provides a great judgment for the system performance, data transmission rate, receiver complexity, and energy/spectrum efficiency. In SM, the data is conveyed by both habitual M-ary signal constellations and the transmit antennas indices. Therefore, the system data rate improvement due to the side information bits transmitted, encapsulated in indices of the transmit antennas, improves the SM transmission efficiency compared to the different MIMO players. The information bits transmitted over the antenna index and data symbol constellation using M-ary signal performance have different levels of bit error rate (BER) performance. This paper proposes unequal error protection (UEP) scheme for image transmission over the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUTs) using SM. The Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) coders encode the underwater image and classify the encoded bits in two categories: critical and uncritical bits. The critical bits are transmitted over the SM index bits and have a low BER while the uncritical bits are transmitted over high order M-ary signal constellation to resolve the underwater acoustic channel bandwidth limitation problem. The proposed SM-UEP technique has been developed carefully with enough justification and evaluation over the measured underwater acoustic channel and the simulated channel. The simulation results show that the proposed SM-UEP can increase the average peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of the reconstructed received image considerably, and significantly.

关键词： IoUTs spatial modulation underwater communication unequal error protection SPIHT coder image processing

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Noise characterization of IUCAA digital sampling array controller

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JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPES INSTRUMENTS AND systems 2018年第3期4卷

作者： Chattopadhyay, Sabyasachi Ramaprakash, A. N. Joshi, Bhushan Chordia, Pravinkumar A. Burse, Mahesh P. Chillal, Kalpesh Sinha, Sakya Punnadi, Sujit P. Rikame, Ketan Hong, Sungwook E. Paranjpye, Dhruv Chung, Haeun Park, Changbom Omar, Amitesh Interuniv Ctr Astron & Astrophys Pune Maharashtra India Indian Inst Sci Educ & Res Pune Maharashtra India Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst Daejeon South Korea Maharashtra Inst Technol Pune Maharashtra India Korea Inst Adv Study Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Dept Phys & Astron Seoul South Korea Aryabhatta Res Inst Observat Sci Naini Tal India

The IUCAA digital sampling array controller (IDSAC) is a flexible and generic yet powerful CCD controller that can handle a wide range of scientific detectors. Based on an easily scalable modular backplane architecture consisting of single board controllers (SBC), IDSAC can control large detector arrays and mosaics. Each of the SBCs offers the full functionality required to control a CCD independently. The SBCs can be cold swapped without the need to reconfigure them. IDSAC is also available in a backplane-less architecture. Each SBC can handle data from up to four video channels with or without dummy outputs at speeds up to 500-kilo pixels per second (kPPS) per channel with a resolution of 16 bits. Communication with a Linux-based host computer is through a USB3.0 interface, with the option of using copper or optical fibers. A field programmable gate array (FPGA) is used as the master controller in each SBC, which allows great flexibility in optimizing performance by adjusting gain, timing signals, bias levels, etc., using user-editable configuration files without altering the circuit topology. Elimination of thermal kTC noise is achieved via digital correlated double sampling (DCDS). The number of digital samples per pixel (for both reset and signal levels) is user configurable. We present the results of noise performance characterization of IDSAC through simulation, theoretical modeling, and actual measurements. The contribution of different types of noise sources is modeled using a tool to predict noise of a generic DCDS signal chain analytically. The analytical model predicts the net input referenced noise of the signal chain to be 5 electrons for 200-k pixels/s per channel readout rate with three samples per pixel. Using a cryogenic test setup in the lab, the noise is measured to be 5.4 e (24.3 mu V), for the same readout configuration. With a better-optimized configuration of 500-kPPS readout rate, the measured noise is down to 3.8 electrons RMS (17 mu V), wi

关键词： detector arrays digital processing noise image analysis image processing

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An experimental evaluation of the generalized sinusoidal frequency modulated waveform for active sonar systems

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JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019年第6期145卷 3741-3755页

作者： Hague, David A. Buck, John R. Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr Sensors & Sonar Syst Dept Newport RI 02840 USA Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth Dept Elect & Comp Engn Dartmouth MA 02747 USA

This paper experimentally evaluates the Generalized Sinusoidal Frequency Modulated (GSFM) waveform, a generalization of the Sinusoidal Frequency Modulated (SFM) waveform. The Instantaneous Frequency (IF) of the GSFM resembles the time/voltage characteristic of a Linear Frequency Modulated (LFM) chirp waveform. Consequently, the GSFM possesses an Ambiguity Function (AF) that resembles a thumbtack shape. Practical sonar system design must consider two factors beyond the AF. The Spectral Efficiency (SE), defined as the ratio of energy in an operational frequency band to the total waveform energy, is another important metric for waveform design. The Peak-to-Average-Power Ratio (PAPR) quantifies how close the waveform is to constant amplitude. These measures predict a waveform's energy efficiency and ability to be accurately replicated on practical piezoelectric transducers, which have limits on both their bandwidth and maximum transmit power. This paper explores these design considerations for the GSFM waveform and evaluates its performance against a host of other well established waveforms using simulated and experimental acoustic data. The GSFM possesses superior SE, PAPR, and overall energy efficiency when compared to other thumbtack waveforms.

关键词： Energy efficiency Acoustic modeling simulation and analysis Transducers Electronic noise Active sonar systems signal processing Analog-to-digital converter Animal sounds Piezoelectric devices Electrical properties and parameters

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Simulating Maxwell-Schrödinger Equations by High-Order Symplectic FDTD Algorithm

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Xie, Guoda Huang, Zhixiang Fang, Ming Sha, Wei E.I. Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei230601 China Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Electronic Devices and Smart Systems of Zhejiang Province College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China

—A novel symplectic algorithm is proposed to solve the Maxwell-Schrödinger (M-S) system for investigating light-matter interaction. Using the fourth-order symplectic integration and fourth-order collocated differences, Maxwell-Schrödinger equations are discretized in temporal and spatial domains, respectively. The symplectic finite-difference time-domain (SFDTD) algorithm is developed for accurate and efficient study of coherent interaction between electromagnetic fields and artificial atoms. Particularly, the Dirichlet boundary condition is adopted for modeling the Rabi oscillation problems under the semi-classical framework. To implement the Dirichlet boundary condition, image theory is introduced, tailored to the high-order collocated differences. For validating the proposed SFDTD algorithm, three-dimensional numerical studies of the population inversion in the Rabi oscillation are presented. Numerical results show that the proposed high-order SFDTD(4,4) algorithm exhibits better numerical performance than the conventional FDTD(2,2) approach at the aspects of accuracy and efficiency for the long-term simulation. The proposed algorithm opens up a promising way towards a high-accurate energy-conservation modeling and simulation of complex dynamics in nanoscale light-matter interaction. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Finite difference time domain method

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