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A new diamond search algorithm for fast block-matching motion estimation (vol 9, pg 287, 2000)

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON image processing 2000年第3期9卷 525-525页

作者： Zhu, S Ma, KK V-BitsVideo Engineering Department Cisco Systems Inc. San Jose CA USA School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Based on the study of motion vector distribution from several commonly used test image sequences, a new diamond search (DS) algorithm for fast block-matching motion estimation (BMME) is proposed in this paper. simulation results demonstrate that the proposed DS algorithm greatly outperforms the well-known three-step search (TSS) algorithm. Compared with the new three-step search (NTSS) algorithm, the DS algorithm achieves close performance but requires less computation by up to 22% on average. Experimental results also show that the DS algorithm is better than the four-step search (4SS) and block-based gradient descent search (BBGDS), in terms of mean-square error performance and required number of search points.

关键词： Motion estimation signal processing algorithms Video coding Video sequences Testing image sequences Video compression Computational modeling Transform coding Bandwidth

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Sensor modeling and data processing for airport simulation

Sensor modeling and data processing for airport simulation

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3rd International Conference on Information Fusion, FUSION 2000

作者： Pasquarelli, Antonello Corsini, Andrea Garzelli, Andrea ALENIA MARCONI Systems Via Tiburtina km 12.400 00131 Rome Italy Department of Information Engineering University of Siena 53100 Siena Italy

ISBN: (纸本)2725700000

This paper presents the SEEDS simulation environment for the evaluation of distributed traffic control systems. The description starts with a general overview of the simulator, targeted for airport surface tragic simulation, and then focuses on the sensor models implemented in the prototype. The surveillance function foreseen in a real Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control systems (A-SMGCS) has been studied and modeled;suitable set of sensors and signal processing algorithms have been considered and their performances have been analyzed in order to be compliant with the application performance requirements defined by International Organizations. The paper shows the sensor module architecture, how the sensors have been modeled and how the software module has been implemented and integrated in the core simulator. The interactions with the other modules of the simulator and the exchanged messages are also described. © 2000 Int. Soc. Inf. Fusion.

关键词： Simulators

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Application of wavelet transforms to reservoir-data analysis and scaling

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SPE JOURNAL 2000年第1期5卷 92-101页

作者： Panda, MN Mosher, CC Chopra, AK Arco E&P Technol Reservoir Geostat Div Plano TX 75075 USA

General characterization of physical systems uses two aspects of data analysis methods: decomposition of empirical data to determine system parameters and reconstruction of the system attributes using these characteristic parameters. Spectral methods, involving a frequency-based representation of data, usually assume stationarity. These methods, therefore, extract only average information and, hence, are not suitable for analyzing data with isolated or deterministic discontinuities. such as faults or fractures in reservoir rocks or image edges in computer vision. Wavelet transforms provide a multiresolution framework for data representarion. They are a family of basis functions that separate a function or a signal into distinct frequency packets that are localized in the time domain. Thus, wavelets are well suited for analyzing nonstationary data. In other words, a function or a discrete data set when transformed into a time-scale space using wavelets shows how it behaves at different scales of measurement. Because wavelets have compact support, it is easy to apply this transform to large data sets with minimal computations. We apply wavelet transforms to one-dimensional and two-dimensional permeability data to determine the locations of layer boundaries and other discontinuities. By binning in the time-frequency plane with wavelet packets, permeability structures of arbitrary size are analyzed. Wavelets are also applied to scaling up spatially correlated heterogeneous permeability fields.

关键词： reservoir characterization inner product approximation frequency analysis method data quality fluid dynamics decomposition resolution application Flow in porous media Formation evaluation & Management Geologic modeling Information Management and systems Reservoir Characterization Reservoir Fluid Dynamics Reservoir simulation Scaling methods Seismic processing and interpretation

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Space, time, error, and power optimization of image compression transforms

Space, time, error, and power optimization of image compress...

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Conference on Mathematics and Applications of Data/image Coding, Compression, and Encryption III

作者： Schmalz, MS Ritter, GX Caimi, FM Univ Florida Dept Comp & Informat Sci & Engn Gainesville FL 32611 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819437670

The implementation of an image compression transform on one or more small, embedded processors typically involves stringent constraints on power consumption and form factor. Traditional methods of optimizing compression algorithm performance typically emphasize joint minimization of space and time complexity, often without significant consideration of arithmetic accuracy or power consumption. However, small autonomous imaging platforms typically require joint optimization of space, time, error (or accuracy), and power (STEP) parameters, which the authors call STEP optimization. In response to implementational constraints on space and power consumption, the authors have developed systems and techniques for STEP optimization that are based on recent research in VLSI circuit design, as well as extensive previous work in system optimization. Building on the authors' previous research in embedded processors as well as adaptive or reconfigurable computing, it is possible to produce system-independent STEP optimization that can be customized for a given set of system-specific constraints. This approach is particularly useful when algorithms for image and signal processing (ISP) computer vision (CV), or automated target recognition (ATR), expressed in a machine-independent notation, are mapped to one or more heterogeneous processors (e.g., digital signal processors or DSPs, SIMD mesh processors, or reconfigurable logic). Following a theoretical summary, this paper illustrates various STEP optimization techniques via case studies, for example, real-time compression of underwater imagery on board an autonomous vehicle. Optimization algorithms are taken from the literature, and error profiling/analysis methodologies developed in the authors' previous research are employed. This yields a more rigorous basis for the simulation and evaluation of compression algorithms on a wide variety of hardware models. In this study, image algebra is employed as the notation of choice. Develop

关键词： image compression error analysis performance simulation

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Sensor modeling and data processing for airport simulation

Sensor modeling and data processing for airport simulation

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International Conference on Information Fusion

作者： A. Pasquarelli A. Corsini A. Garzelli Alenia Marconi Systems S.p.A. Rome Italy Department of Information Engineering University of Sienna Siena Italy

This paper presents the SEEDS simulation environment for the evaluation of distributed traffic control systems. The description starts with a general overview of the simulator, targeted for airport surface tragic simulation, and then focuses on the sensor models implemented in the prototype. The surveillance function foreseen in a real Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control systems (A-SMGCS) has been studied and modeled; suitable set of sensors and signal processing algorithms have been considered and their performances have been analyzed in order to be compliant with the application performance requirements defined by International Organizations. The paper shows the sensor module architecture, how the sensors have been modeled and how the software module has been implemented and integrated in the core simulator. The interactions with the other modules of the simulator and the exchanged messages are also described.

关键词： Data processing Airports Traffic control Sensor phenomena and characterization Virtual prototyping Surveillance Control system synthesis Sensor systems and applications signal processing algorithms signal analysis

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Efficient implementation of a least-squares based algorithm for noisy input-output systems

Efficient implementation of a least-squares based algorithm ...

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International Conference on signal processing Proceedings (ICSP)

作者： Wei Xing Zheng School of Science University of Western Ontario Sydney NSW Australia

A new least-squares based method is established to perform unbiased parameter estimation of linear systems from noisy input and output measurements. The significance of the developed method lies in its improved computational efficiency since the underlying noisy system is now identified in a direct manner, with the augmented noisy system being introduced only as an auxiliary system but not being actually identified. simulation results confirm that the presented efficient implementation scheme can retain the same estimation accuracy with reduced numerical costs.

关键词： Noise measurement Transfer functions Australia Parameter estimation Linear systems Equations signal processing algorithms performance evaluation Computational efficiency Computational modeling

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performance evaluation of data hiding system using wavelet transform and error-control coding

Performance evaluation of data hiding system using wavelet t...

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IEEE International Conference on image processing

作者： N.K. Abdulaziz K.K. Pang Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Clayton VIC Australia

ISBN: (纸本)0780362977

This paper proposes an algorithm of data hiding for an image signal based on the wavelet transform and error-correcting codes. The data to be embedded, referred to as the signature data, are coded using error-correcting codes and the resulting code is hidden into the wavelet transformed coefficients of the host image in a vector based perturbation. When the amount of hidden data is large, as is the case when the signature data is an image, the signature data are first compressed using vector quantization and the indices obtained in the process are embedded. Information data are detected using both original and watermarked images. simulation results demonstrate the high robustness of the algorithm to image degradations such as JPEG and additive noise.

关键词： Data encapsulation Error correction codes Wavelet transforms image coding Vector quantization Watermarking Noise robustness Degradation Transform coding Additive noise

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Reversible and progressive coding of multispectral SPOT images

Reversible and progressive coding of multispectral SPOT imag...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： A. Benazza-Benyahia Z. Belhadj J.-C. Pesquet M. Hamdi Dept. MASC Ecole Superieure des Commun. de Tunis Tunisia Department MASC Ecole Supérieure des Communications de Tunis TUNISIA Ariana Tunisia CNRS UPS L. S. S. France

A nonlinear subband decomposition scheme with perfect reconstruction is proposed for lossless and progressive coding of multispectral images. Such a new scheme has the merit of exploiting efficiently the spatial and the spectral redundancies contained in the multispectral images, related to a same scene. Besides, it is suitable for telebrowsing applications. simulation tests performed on SPOT allow to assess its performances.

关键词： image coding image reconstruction image storage Multispectral imaging performance evaluation image databases Satellites signal processing Uninterruptible power systems Layout

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Nonparametric estimation of nonhomogeneous Poisson processes using wavelets

Nonparametric estimation of nonhomogeneous Poisson processes...

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simulation Winter Conference

作者： M.E. Kuhl P.S. Bhairgond Dept. of Ind. & Manuf. Syst. Eng. Louisiana State Univ. Baton Rouge LA USA Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA USA

Nonhomogeneous Poisson processes (NHPPs) are frequently used in stochastic simulations to model nonstationary point processes. These NHPP models are often constructed by estimating the rate function from one or more observed realizations of the process. Both parametric and nonparametric models have been developed for the NHPP rate function. The current parametric models require prior knowledge of the behavior of the NHPP under study for model selection. The current nonparametric estimators, in general, require the storage of all of the observed data. Other hybrid approaches have also been developed. This paper focuses on the nonparametric estimation of the rate function of a nonhomogeneous Poisson process using wavelets. The advantages of wavelets include the flexibility of a nonparametric estimator enabling one to model the nonstationary rate function of an NHPP without prior knowledge or assumptions about the behavior of the process. Furthermore, this method has some advantages of current nonparametric techniques. Thus, using wavelets we can develop an efficient yet highly flexible NHPP rate function. In this paper, we develop the methodology required for constructing a wavelet estimator for the NHPP rate function. In addition, we present an experimental performance evaluation for this method.

关键词： Parametric statistics signal processing Manufacturing industries Manufacturing systems systems engineering and theory Buildings Stochastic processes modeling Mathematics Mathematical model

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Turbo multiuser detection for coded DS-CDMA systems: a Gibbs sampling approach

Turbo multiuser detection for coded DS-CDMA systems: a Gibbs...

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Asilomar Conference on signals, systems & Computers

作者： V. Buchoux O. Cappe E. Moulines TSI Department ENST-Image and Signal Processing Laboratory Paris France

ISBN: (纸本)0780365143

This paper deals with joint detection and decoding techniques for coded CDMA (code division multiple access) systems. A promising approach in this content consists of combining the results of a soft output multiuser detector (MUD) with single user soft-input soft-output (SISO) decoders in an iterative fashion (so called "turbo" principle). In a first part of the paper we describe the CDMA channel under the form of a probabilistic graphical model (also known as Bayesian, or belief, network) which provides a very generic and natural way of deriving turbo algorithms. The structure of the algorithm is then obtained by direct application of general probability propagation rules rather than by using the context dependent notions of intrinsic and extrinsic information. It turns out however that the obtained algorithm still requires soft output multiuser detection in a pseudo model where the symbols emitted by the user are a priori independent, which is not computationally feasible. The second part of the paper describes a simulation based MUD scheme which draws upon advances in Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. The performance of the overall turbo multiuser decoder is compared with that of a state-of-the-art algorithm with comparable computational cost.

关键词： Multiuser detection Multiaccess communication Iterative decoding Iterative algorithms Detectors Iterative methods Graphical models Bayesian methods Computational modeling Computational efficiency

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