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Infrared Imaging systems: Design, Analysis, modeling, and Testing IV

ISBN: (纸本)0819412058

This conference proceedings contain 36 papers. Topics are covered under four headings: modeling;Testing;systems;and, Space sensors testing. Subjects discussed include - Infrared imaging;Infrared detectors;Sensors arrays;Focal plane arrays;Computer simulation;image processing;signal processing;Computer software;Design;Sensor performance and prediction;Thermal imaging systems;Staring systems;Testing procedures;Modulation transfer functions;Target acquisition and detection;Landing aids;Hardware in the loop testing and simulation;and Infrared devices.

关键词： Infrared imaging

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simulation OF A CLASS OF IN-BAND SCENE PROJECTORS FOR evaluation OF HARDWARE-IN-THE-LOOP TESTING COMPATIBILITY AND performance 3

SIMULATION OF A CLASS OF IN-BAND SCENE PROJECTORS FOR EVALUA...

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CONF ON CHARACTERIZATION, PROPAGATION, AND simulation OF SOURCES AND BACKGROUNDS 3

作者： FLYNN, D FINCH, M SIEGLINGER, B FRANQUES, V Nichols Research Corp. (United States) Air Force Wright Lab. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819412031

Hardware-in-the-loop (HWIL) testing can be used as an efficient and effective means for analyzing the performance of guided missile systems. Due to the limits of current technologies, components of the simulation are limited in their capability to simulate real-world conditions for certain test articles. One component which is critical in an HWIL system for strategic guided missiles is the scene projection or delivery device. To stimulate imaging JR sensors, this scene projector (SP) typically consists of a pixelized in-band source which can be modulated both spatially and temporally to simulate the radiane scene which would be observed during an actual engagement. The SP is driven by a scene generator which provides scene radiance information to the SP under control of a simulation computer, which determines the field-of-view (FOV) composition based on a simulated engagement. In using such a system, a primary concern is that the SP is able to create a scene which produces the proper response in the observing sensor. Another effect which bears examination is the SFs projection method, such as scanning an in-band source to cover the projection FOV. The detailed interaction between the modulated source and the timing of the sensor's detection, integration, and readout processes may cause unrealistic or unexpected sensor behavior. In order to assess the compatibility of a specific sensor viewing a specific SP, a detailed simulation has been developed by Nichols Research Corporation under the direction of the Guided Interceptor Technology Branch (WL/MNSI) of the USAF Wright Laboratory Armament Directorate. This simulation was designed primarily to address issues related to scene projector usage in the Kinetic Kill Vehicle Hardware in the Loop Simulator (KHILS) facility at Eglin AFB, Florida. The simulation allows the user to define: the spatial response of the sensor; the spatial properties of the SP (i.e. the radiance distribution arising from a commanded impulse); the

关键词： Sensors Surface plasmons Projection systems Computer simulations image sensors signal processing Missiles Interference (communication) Quantization Scene simulation

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Personal computer based closed ioop performance analyzer for visible and infrared image tracking systems

Personal computer based closed ioop performance analyzer for...

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signal and Data processing of Small Targets 1993

作者： Williams, Thomas D. Vaughn, Gregg L. Southern Research Technologies Electro-optics Inc. 756 Tom Martin Parkway BirminghamAL35211 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering UAB Station University of Alabama at Birmingham BirminghamAL35294 United States

A critical problem in current missile guidance systems is that of tracking targets based on visible light or infrared imaging systems. There is a need to test video tracking system algorithms and hardware without the expense of firing a missile. In the past, computer generated video has been used to test video trackers to their absolute limits of performance in various ri' but these tests must be recorded on video tape and analyzed frame by frame to determine the limits of tracker performance. Also, very expensive electromechanical models have been constructed for closed ioop simulation of video tracking scenarios. The problem with these approaches is that they are very expensive to build, they are time consuming to maintain, they are not portable, they require hands-on user interaction to run, and they often do not lead to quantitative conclusions about the tracker's accuracy that can be used to compare the tracker's performance to design criteria. The work described in this paper, fills the need for low-cost, Personal Computer (PC) based, portable evaluation of tracking systems. This tracker evaluation system consists of a PC, compatible non-developmental hardware, and software to generate real time video and analyze the tracker results. The testing platform can use either a serial (RS232-C) or parallel interface to communicate with the tracker. The PC software is driven by a powerful easy-to-use script language that can be used to select a set of standard tests or describe a fine-tuned customized test to simulate a specific scenario. After the tracker has been tested, the PC software performs statistical analysis on the tracker results to determine trLcker performance. Closed-loop testing can be used to determine many aspects of tracker performance, such as: Minimum trackable gray scale difference between target and background, Root Mean Square (RMS) tracking position error, tracker processing delay, maximum trackable target velocity, and maximum trackable target

关键词： Software testing

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Use of image processing in the development of a dynamic model for fish processing

Use of image processing in the development of a dynamic mode...

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IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and signal processing

作者： F.S. Bussani C.W. de Silva Industrial Automation Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada

The development of a finite element model of the fish-machine interactions is required for the analysis of parameters which affect the performance of a fish processing machine. Standard image processing techniques are used to determine the geometric parameters necessary to build the model, and to verify the simulation results. The image processing techniques are tested on Pacific salmon, and are illustrated by an example.< >

关键词： image processing Marine animals Iron Magnetic heads Canning Automation Solid modeling Nonlinear dynamical systems Laboratories Mechanical engineering

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Integrated sonar simulator for operational performance assessment

Revue technique - Thomson-CSF

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Revue technique - Thomson-CSF 1993年第2期25卷 453-472页

作者： Blanc-Benon, P. Armagnacq, J.L. THOMSON SINTRA Activites Sous-Marines

The demand for global performance evaluation is a critical issue in the field of large sonar systems. Simply due to the inherent complexity of their integrated structure, a direct evaluation of operational performance in a realistic underwater environment, is becoming more and more difficult. Moreover, the huge quantity of information and requests being processed, is such that an overall testing, in real time, of the main operational functions as detection, localization, classification and data-fusion is not actually conceivable. These are the principal technical reasons explaining why we have resolutelydecided upon the two notions: modeling and simulation. Nowadays, submarine sensors are as numerous as diversified: acoustic passive arrays (bow array, towed array, flank array, intercept array, ...) acoustic active arrays, infrared sensors, radar and ESM sensors, optical masts, satellite links, ...;each of them being equipped with one or several signal processing chains. Such a complex and heterogeneous structure insures a maximum spatially and frequency coverage of either the near field or the far field of a submarine. The problem is rather to answer the question: 'Considering a given scenario, what is the minimum time for an operator to detect and localize a hostile target with a precision better than 10%?'. The key to correctly address this question is to mainly use both models (physical and statistical laws) and the idea of 'black-boxes', but keeping in mind that, early defining a complete architecture, specially dedicated to performance evaluation, is often better than locally refining the models. Hence, the Integrated Sonar Simulator (ISS) is designed according a sequential structure from acoustic medium modeling and scenario definition to sonar functions and operator interface. Acoustic modeling is based upon classical rays theory, enough to take into account the non rectilinear energy propagation and for example the convergence zones phenomenon in the Atlanti

关键词： Sonar

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Fast data communication for scalable distributed shared-memory parallel computer hyper-KORP

Fast data communication for scalable distributed shared-memo...

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IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and signal processing

作者： H. Nakajo N. Miura K. Wada Y. Kaneda Department of Computer and Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kobe University Kobe Japan Institute of Information Science and Electronics University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

A loosely coupled ring-connected parallel processing system (called KORP: Kobe University Ring-connected Parallel Computer) with distributed shared-memory is being developed. The high-speed communication in KORP is performed by the exclusive data transmission hardware called Stream Controller (SC). The consistency of shared data is maintained by a coherence-protocol controller which is a dedicated hardware for coherence control. The authors describe the architecture of KORP and its scalable configuration hyper-KORP. A trace-driven simulator is developed to analyze a distributed shared-memory system of KORP. SC performance evaluation by simulation using a parallel benchmark application is shown.< >

关键词： Data communication Concurrent computing Distributed computing Hardware Packet switching Parallel processing Communication system control Routing modeling Cache memory

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SYNTHETIC APERTURE SONAR FOR SEABED IMAGING - RELATIVE MERTIS OF NARROW-BAND AND WIDE-BAND APPROACHES

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IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING 1992年第1期17卷 95-105页

作者： CHATILLON, J BOUHIER, ME ZAKHARIA, ME IFREMER TOULON FRANCE

This paper describes the advantages of using wide-band sonar systems in underwater acoustical imaging by means of synthetic aperture (side-looking) sonars. These advantages will be illustrated through simulation examples. The simulations are conducted in two cases of sonar platform motion: perfect trajectory and disturbed trajectory. We will investigate several schemes used for wide-band synthetic aperture processing and evaluate their relative merits (resolution and complexity) in the case of both disturbed and perfect trajectories. Quantitative image evaluation is initially achieved through the evaluation of performance as regards resolution. The problems involved in the definition of the image quality are then discussed.

关键词： SYNTHETIC APERTURE SIDE-LOOKING SONAR WIDE-BAND signal processing ACOUSTICAL IMAGING UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS NAVIGATIONAL INACCURACY

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performance prototyping: a simulation methodology for software performance engineering

Performance prototyping: a simulation methodology for softwa...

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CompEuro

作者： M. Baker W. Shih Workstation System Laboratory IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY USA

The authors describe a modeling methodology that extends software performance engineering to handle large multitasking applications. The objective was to provide throughput projections and design evaluation for a development team building an image/fax server intended to function in a larger distributed image processing application. Software performance engineering is reviewed. The methodology described integrates analytic modeling with real-time simulation to construct a performance prototype. The application of the methodology to the performance engineering of the image/fax server is reported.< >

关键词： Software prototyping Virtual prototyping Software performance Design engineering Application software Multitasking Throughput Buildings image processing performance analysis

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simulation of SIMD and MIMD shared memory architectures on Unix-based systems

Simulation of SIMD and MIMD shared memory architectures on U...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and systems (ISCAS)

作者： L. Sousa M. Piedade Faculty de Ciências e Tecnologia UNL Monte de Caparica Portugal Electrical Engineering Department IST Lisboa Portugal

A set of tools to simulate SIMD (single instruction multiple data) and MIMD (multiple instruction multiple data) shared memory architectures on multitasking sequential systems is presented. The main objective of these tools is to evaluate parallel computing systems. As is well known, the performance of the parallel algorithms, unlike that of serial algorithms, is very machine dependent. The simulation is based on an algorithm-driven approach, allowing the test and evaluation of algorithms for this type of architecture. The evaluation of the algorithms is done at run-time, making possible the acquisition of very realistic results. Different levels of evaluation can be applied. More accurate results are achieved at the expense of more simulation time. simulation tools have been developed in C language for Unix based systems, assuring portability among a large class of computing systems. The tools presented have been extensively used to simulate orthogonal multiprocessing systems, especially for the development and simulation of several image processing algorithms. Experimental results show that a good approach to the real system operation has been achieved.< >

关键词： Memory architecture Computational modeling Multitasking Parallel processing Parallel algorithms Testing Computer architecture Runtime Multiprocessing systems image processing

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A simulation-Based Method for Fault Tolerance evaluation

A Simulation-Based Method for Fault Tolerance Evaluation

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Southeastern Symposium on System Theory

作者： C.O. Scheper R.L. Baker Center for Digital Systems Research Research and Triangle Institute NC USA

Digital computing systems are used in many applications to perform functions whose correct execution is critical to the application, to the mission the application is a part of, or to human life and safety. This has led to an emphasis on the dependability of computing systems, i.e., whether or not justifiable reliance can be placed upon the service delivered by the system. There can be many factors defining dependability for a particular system, including performance, functionality, fidelity, reliability, maintainability, availability testability, fault tolerance, safety, security, and life-cycle cost. These factors interact with each other in ways that can be mutually diminishing and that can result in an undependable system. Therefore, a rigorous dependable system design validation and verification methodology is required. This paper addresses one of the necessary components of such a methodology for highly reliable systems: fault tolerance evaluation. We define fault tolerance evaluation to be those activities that assure that appropriate fault tolerance mechanisms are designed and implemented to provide the required level of system reliability, and propose an approach for using directed graph simulation models, behavioral simulation models, and semi-Markov analytic models during the early- to mid-stages of design for fault tolerance evaluation.

关键词： Fault tolerance Fault tolerant systems Cost function Safety Analytical models Redundancy Computational modeling Digital systems Humans Life testing

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