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检索条件"任意字段=Smart Structures and Materials 1994: Mathematics and Control in Smart Structures"

共 544 条记录，以下是221-230 订阅

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Stress and electric field concentrations in piezoelectrics with defects

Stress and electric field concentrations in piezoelectrics w...

引用

SPIE Conference on mathematics and control in smart structures

作者： Xu, XL Rajapakse, RKND Univ Manitoba Dept Civil & Geol Engn Winnipeg MB R3T 5V6 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819427675

A solution scheme based on the boundary integral equation method is employed to analyze plane electroelastic fields in piezoelectric solids with arbitrary shaped defects(cavities, cracks, etc). Constitutive equations for solids with hexagonal symmetry are used. The accuracy of the computational scheme is verified by comparing with analytical solutions reported in the literature for a circular cavity and a horizontal center crack in an infinite plane. Numerical results show a significant dependence of mechanical and electric fields on the geometry and orientation of cavities. Complex coupling between electric and mechanical fields is observed. Crack closure calculation of strain energy release rate of piezoelectric solids suggests that strain energy release rate is an accurate fracture criterion for piezoelectric solids, and electric loading may impede or enhance crack propagation. The present boundary element scheme can be used to analyze many interesting fracture problems involving smart structures element with embedded or surface mounted piezoelectric actuators.

关键词： piezoelectricity stress concentration defects cracks boundary element fracture mechanics strain energy release rate crack closure integral smart structures

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Improved aircraft roll maneuver performance using smart deformable wings

Improved aircraft roll maneuver performance using smart defo...

引用

SPIE Conference on mathematics and control in smart structures

作者： Yedavalli, RK Khot, NS Kwak, SK Ohio State Univ Dept Aerosp Engn Appl Mech & Aviat Columbus OH 43210 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819427675

In this paper, the aspects of modeling and control design methodology for improving roll maneuver performance in aircrafts (for achieving a desired roll rate) by deforming a flexible wing with piezoelectric actuation and sensing are studied. An integrated finite element model of a laminated composite plate embedded with smart piezo actuators and sensors subject to aerodynamic loading giving rise to a steady roll rate is developed. The resulting model in the generalized coordinates which has nonsymmetric aerodynamic damping matrix and a nonsymmetric stiffness matrix (due to aerodynamic stiffness) is then transformed to real but nonorthogonal modal coordinates and a reduced order model is developed. A new control design algorithm based on 'Reciprocal State Space' framework is then developed to achieve the desired roll rate and to simultaneously suppress the flexible mode vibrations. The research carried out clearly delineates the relationship and interaction between the structural, aerodynamic and piezo actuation based control subsystems and underscores the importance, potential and the vast scope of the proposed integrated, approach to improve aircraft maneuver performance.

关键词： smart structure control vibration suppression deformable wing roll maneuver nonorthogonal modal coordinates integrated finite element method reciprocal state space control design active control feedback control aeroelasticity

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Robust integrated structural and control design for vector second-order systems via LMIs

Robust integrated structural and control design for vector s...

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SPIE Conference on mathematics and control in smart structures

作者： Mayzus, A Grigoriadis, K Univ Houston Dept Engn Mech Houston TX 77204 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819427675

Iterative redesign techniques are proposed to integrate the design of the structural parameters and the active control parameters for vector second-order lumped-parameter structural systems. The objective is to minimize the required active control effort to satisfy given output variance constraints and robust performance constraints. The problem is formulated as an iterative sequential control design followed by control/structure redesign. Each step of the iterative algorithm is formulated as a Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) optimization problem that can be solved effectively using available LMI solvers. Convergence of the proposed algorithm to a solution that provides improved control effort and robust stability compared to the single-step structural design followed by control design is guaranteed. Both static state-feedback and dynamic output feedback problems are considered. Numerical examples demonstrate the use of the proposed iterative algorithms.

关键词： structural control robust control integrated design computational methods

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An eigenvalue technique for analyzing structural-acoustic power efficiency

An eigenvalue technique for analyzing structural-acoustic po...

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SPIE Conference on mathematics and control in smart structures

作者： Cao, R Leo, DJ Univ Toledo Mech Ind & Mfg Engn Dept Toledo OH 43606 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819427675

A generalized eigenvalue technique is developed for analyzing the structural-acoustic power efficiency of point force actuators. The eigenvalue technique is used to investigate the effect of actuator location and supporting boundary conditions on the power efficiency. Finite element analysis is used to compute the mode shapes of plates with boundary conditions that range from simply-supported to clamped. Power efficiency calculations are then performed for the case of a single point force actuator and an array of point force actuators. The analyses demonstrate that the power efficiency is strongly dependent on actuator location and frequency, but less dependent on the supporting boundary conditions.

关键词： active control sensor-actuator arrays power efficiency finite element analysis

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Soft computing control of piezo walking microrobots

Soft computing control of piezo walking microrobots

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SPIE Conference on mathematics and control in smart structures

作者： Muscato, G Dipartimento Elettr Elettton & Sistemist I-95125 Catania Italy

ISBN: (纸本)0819427675

PLIF (Piezo Light Intelligent Flea) are a family of walking three legs microrobots;two legs are moved by means of piezo ceramic bimorph actuators, while the third is only passive. These robots are very small (2cm x 2cm) and very light (few grams) but at the same time relatively fast (20 cm/s) with the capability to move with very small steps (few microns). In the paper three different type of PLIF are described and some measurement performed with a camera are reported in order to identify the dynamical behaviour of the robots. The dynamic measures pointed out that is very difficult to control these systems because of the high uncertainties in the interactions between the legs and the surface. Then a Soft-computing approach for the control of such systems has been proposed by using infrared detector as sensors on the robots.

关键词： micro-robotics micro-mechatronics soft-computing piezoelectric actuators intelligent control

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Aeroelastic control with self-straining actuators: continuum models

Aeroelastic control with self-straining actuators: continuum...

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SPIE Conference on mathematics and control in smart structures

作者： Balakrishnan, AV Univ Calif Los Angeles Flight Syst Res Ctr Los Angeles CA 90024 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819427675

The problem of flutter suppression using self-straining actuators has been analyzed using the full continuum modelactuators has been analyzed using the full continuum model of Goland-Ashley and the time-domain solution thereof developed. The theory yields a necessary condition for flutter to occur as well as a formula for the divergence speed. Aeroelastic modes are shown to be the roots of the determinant of a 3 x 3 matrix, which involves the Theodorsen function which has the entire negative real axis including zero as an essential singularity line. Computer calculations are presented for the numerical values of the Goland model where the first pitching mode flutters. It is shown that the flutter speed increases as the twisting control gain alone increases (no bending control). There is a critical value of the gain beyond which the pitching mode is stable but the bending flutters but the flutter speed increases as the pitching control gain is increased. The situation is reversed for the bending control. Here the flutter speed actually decreases as the bending control gain increases (no pitch control). There is a critical value for the gain beyond which the pitching mode ceases to flutter but the bending mode - actually the "clamped/rolling" mode - flutters but the flutter speed decreases as the gain is increased. The effect is similar whatever the value of the pitching control gain. It is noted that increasing control gain may decrease flutter speed in higher-order modes.

关键词： Actuators Mathematical modeling Aerodynamics Space operations Analytical research mathematics Systems modeling control systems Finite element methods smart structures

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Computational modeling and parametric study of a rotary actuator driven by piezoelectric composites

Computational modeling and parametric study of a rotary actu...

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SPIE Conference on mathematics and control in smart structures

作者： Li, HL Lee, SWR Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Dept Mech Engn Kowloon Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)0819427675

An innovative actuation principle was introduced in a previous study to drive a rotary actuator by piezoelectric composite laminate. The driving element is a three layer laminated beam with piezoceramics sandwiched between two antisymmetric composite laminae. By taking advantage of the structural coupling a rotary actuator similar to ultrasonic motors can be implemented A prototype of the mentioned actuator has been fabricated The objective of this study is to model this device by finite element method A commercial finite element code, ANSYS, was employed to simulate the rotary actuator. The piezoelectric laminate and the rotor were modeled by solid brick elements and special constraint element was used to account for the contact between two separate bodies. Static and transient dynamic analyses were conducted to simulate the deformation and the angular motion of the rotary actuator, respectively. Parametric study was performed by modal and harmonic analyses to investigate the dynamic response of the driving laminate. The results of this study confirmed the proposed actuation principle and the developed computational model may be used for the optimization of future design.

关键词： smart materials piezoelectric ceramics composite laminate rotary actuator ultrasonic motor

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Simultaneous optimization of actuator position and control parameter for adaptive mechanical structures

Simultaneous optimization of actuator position and control p...

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SPIE Conference on mathematics and control in smart structures

作者： Weber, CT Gabbert, U Enzmann, M Univ Magdeburg Innovationskolleg ADAMES D-39106 Magdeburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819427675

The design of adaptive mechanical structures is divided into three parts: the structural design, the controller design and the placement of actuators and sensors. The objective of the design is to create a mechanical structure, which corresponds with the physical and technical requirements. The controller design includes the definition of the optimal controller law and the parameters required to create an actuator adjustment from the perceptible signals of the structural answer. The placement of the actuators and of the sensors give an answer to the question about the optimal distribution of the actuators and sensors in the structure. The sensor placement determines which signals are available to the automatic controller. The position of the actuators in the mechanical structure determines at which points control forces may act to influence the structural behaviour in a suitable manner. The determination of the optimal position of the actuators requires information about the controller design, the sensor position and the layout and the behaviour of the structure. Based on the ideas of the shape optimization and topology optimization, a procedure will be presented, to handle simultaneously the discrete positions of the actuators and the continuous parameters of the controller. The method is based on an augmented Lagrangian function to include additional conditions and the discontinuity of the discrete variables into the objective function. The method will be demonstrated by an test example.

关键词： adaptive systems optimization optimal placement optimal controller

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Position control of a flexible gantry robot arm using smart actuators

Position control of a flexible gantry robot arm using smart ...

引用

SPIE Conference on mathematics and control in smart structures

作者： Choi, SB Han, SS Cheong, CC Kim, JH Inha Univ Dept Engn Mech Smart Struct & Syst Lab Inchon 402751 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0819427675

This paper presents new feedback actuators to achieve an accurate position control of a flexible gantry robot arm. The translational motion in the plane is generated by two d.c. motors and controlled by employing electro-rheological(ER) clutch actuators. The generated motion can be continuously controlled by controlling the intensity of electric fields imposed to the ER fluid domains of bi-directional rotating ER clutches. On the other hand, during control action of the translational motion, a flexible arm attached to the moving part produces undesirable oscillations due to its inherent flexibility. The oscillations are actively suppressed by employing feedback voltage to the piezoceramic actuator bonded on the surface of the flexible arm. Consequently, an accurate position control at the end-point of the flexible arm can be achieved. In order to accomplish this control target, the governing equations of the proposed system are derived and rewritten as transfer functions to design a robust H-infinity controller. The control electric fields to be applied to the ER clutch and the control voltage for the piezoceramic actuator are determined via the loop shaping design procedures(LSDP) in the H-infinity control technique. control results are provided to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

关键词： flexible gantry robot arm ER clutch piezoceramic actuator LSDP H-infinity control

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Active control of blade vortex interaction noise on a helicopter blade element

Active control of blade vortex interaction noise on a helico...

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SPIE Conference on mathematics and control in smart structures

作者： Ariyur, KB Krstic, M Univ Calif San Diego Dept Appl Mech & Engn Sci La Jolla CA 92093 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819427675

Blade vortex interaction (BVI) noise has been recognized as the primary determinant of the helicopter's far field acoustic signature. Given the limitations of design in eliminating this dynamic phenomenon, there exists a need for control. In this paper, we present the application, first of feedback control strategies, and then of adaptive cancellation on Leishman and Hariharan's linear aerodynamic model of a trailing edge flap. Lift, fluctuations caused by vortices are taken as output disturbance. The contribution of the vortices to lift is obtained from Leishman's indicial model for gusts. The use of an active structure for actuation is assumed, and the actuator is approximated as a lag element. To design an adaptive cancellation scheme that is applicable not only to BVI but also to general problems with periodic disturbances, we start with the sensitivity method but arrive at the same scheme derived by Sacks, Bodson, and Khosla who introduced a phase advance into a pseudo-gradient scheme. We discuss stability of the scheme via averaging.

关键词： blade vortex interaction indicial models smart actuation feedback attenuation adaptive feedforward cancellation

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