When continuous-time systems are discretized in the digital controller design process, it is often the case that unstable discrete-time zeros (i.e., zeros outside the unit circle in the Z-plane) result regardless of w...
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The payload compartment of space launch vehicles is an acoustically severe environment with sound pressure levels that often exceed 130 dB. Many of the design constraints for satellites are driven by the launch loads ...
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The design and implementation of control strategies for large, flexible smartstructures presents challenging problems. One of the difficulties arises in the approximation of high-order finite element models with low ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819411523
The design and implementation of control strategies for large, flexible smartstructures presents challenging problems. One of the difficulties arises in the approximation of high-order finite element models with low order models. Another difficulty in controller design arises from the presence of unmodeled dynamics and incorrect knowledge of the structural parameters. In this paper, the balance-truncation reduced-order models are employed in deriving lower-order models for complex smartstructures. These methods do not introduce any spill-over problems in the closed-loop response of the system. The simplified analytical models are compared with models developed by structural identification techniques based on vibration test data. To minimize the effects of uncertainties on the closed-loop system performance of smartstructures, robust control methodologies have been employed in the design of controllers. The reduced order models are employed in the design of robust controllers. To demonstrate the capabilities of shape-memory-alloy actuators, we have designed and fabricated a three-mass test article with multiple shape-memory-alloy (NiTiNOL) actuators. Generally, the non-collocation of actuators and sensors presents difficulties in the design of controllers. controllers for a test article with non-collocated sensors and actuators are designed, implemented and tests. The closed-loop system response of the test article with two actuators and sensors has been experimentally determined and presented in the paper.
Active vibration control of structures using piezoelectric materials is a new approach for damping unwanted vibrations in structures lacking sufficient stiffness or passive damping. The finite elements method is used ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819411507
Active vibration control of structures using piezoelectric materials is a new approach for damping unwanted vibrations in structures lacking sufficient stiffness or passive damping. The finite elements method is used to model active damping elements which are piezoelectric actuators bonded to a box beam. Efficient implementation of these actuators requires that their optimal locations on the structure be determined and that the structure be designed to best utilize the properties of the piezoelectrics. A formal optimization procedure has been developed to address both of these issues. Multiobjective optimization techniques are used to minimize multiple and conflicting design objectives such as mass and energy dissipated by the piezoelectric actuators.
An important problem in the applications is the controllability for perturbed systems. A special kind of perturbed systems, depending on a small parameter (epsilon) is the wave equation when the coefficients are rapid...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819411523
An important problem in the applications is the controllability for perturbed systems. A special kind of perturbed systems, depending on a small parameter (epsilon) is the wave equation when the coefficients are rapidly oscillating or when posed in periodically perforated domains. Then a limit system (in the homogenization theory sense) can be defined. We present here a review of some recent results for exact and approximate controllability in these situations.
An electromechanical surface damping (EMSD) technique is proposed. The technique is a combination of the constrained layer damping and the shunted piezoelectric methods, where the viscoelastic layer attached to the su...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819411523
An electromechanical surface damping (EMSD) technique is proposed. The technique is a combination of the constrained layer damping and the shunted piezoelectric methods, where the viscoelastic layer attached to the surface of the vibrating substructure is constrained by a shunted piezoelectric ceramic element. A mathematical model of the dynamic behavior of the coupled piezoelectric/constrained layer/substructure (EMSD element) is developed, implemented into a finite element algorithm, and used to investigate the effect of some of the system parameters on the dynamic characteristics (the first three natural frequencies and modal loss factors) of a generic cantilever beam. The effect of the following system parameters is considered: storage modulus ratios, material loss factors, thickness ratios, and the axial location of the EMSD element. The algorithm is also used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed EMSD technique in controlling the peak vibration amplitudes at the first two natural frequencies of the cantilever beam.
An integrated means for active controller design and structure redesign is presented. The techniques of covariance control are used to parametrize all possible combinations of active controllers/structure redesign par...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819411523
An integrated means for active controller design and structure redesign is presented. The techniques of covariance control are used to parametrize all possible combinations of active controllers/structure redesign parameters which can stabilize the plant, and achieve certain closed-loop performance.
A control methodology integrating sliding mode control, distributed parameter systems theory, and fuzzy control is presented for the vibration damping of flexible structures. The method reduces the theoretically infin...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819411523
A control methodology integrating sliding mode control, distributed parameter systems theory, and fuzzy control is presented for the vibration damping of flexible structures. The method reduces the theoretically infinite-order system to a second-order representation, still capturing its vibratory nature in a series of decentralized input/output loops. A sliding controller is then designed with fuzzy control gain weighting to increase the performance of the system off the sliding surface. The results of computer simulations are presented including comparisons demonstrating superior damping performance to output velocity feedback.
The application of shape memory alloy materials as actuators and sensors in the active control of flexible structures has been extensively reported in the literature. The design of active controllers plays an importan...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819411523
The application of shape memory alloy materials as actuators and sensors in the active control of flexible structures has been extensively reported in the literature. The design of active controllers plays an important role in the overall development of smartstructures for a given application. To design active controllers for flexible structures, a mathematical representation of the system is needed. The process of constructing a model to describe the vibration properties of a structure based on experimental test data is known as structural identification method. To account for any uncertainties in the structural models and to accomplish good closed loop system performance and noise suppression properties, we have developed robust control design methodologies for flexible structures. We have utilized the eigensystem realization algorithm (ERA) for system identification and linear quadratic Gaussian with loop transfer recovery (LQG/LTR) method for designing robust controllers for a simple cantilever beam test article. The shape memory alloy, NiTiNOL, is used as an actuator. The LQG/LTR method has been modified to accommodate the limited control force provided by the actuators. The closed loop performance of the cantilever beam is experimentally determined for various types of uncertainties. The properties of robust controllers are demonstrated.
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