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CONF ON sensorS AND sensor SYSTEMS FOR GUIDANCE AND NAVIGATION 2

作者： HAWLEY, JG TARG, R BRUNER, R HENDERSON, SW HALE, CP VETORINO, S LEE, RW HARPER, S KHAN, T Lockheed Missiles and Space Company Inc. Research and Development Division Dept. 97-01 3251 Hanover St. Palo Alto 94304 CA United States Coherent Technologies Inc. 3300 Mitchell Lane Boulder 80301 CO United States Lassen Research 300 Salem St. Chico 95928 CA United States

ISBN: (纸本)081940859X

The Coherent Launch Site Atmospheric Wind Sounder (CLAWS) is a test and demonstration program to investigate the feasibility of using a solid-state coherent lidar to obtain wind data from the surface to 20 km or more altitude in real time for launch site vehicle guidance and control (G&C) applications.1 This paper discusses the design and tests of a 1-J coherent lidar. © 1992 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical radar

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联吡啶钌修饰电极固相电致化学发光

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化学进展 2008年第2期20卷 362-367页

作者：陶颖林志杰陈晓梅陈曦厦门大学化学化工学院化学系现代分析科学教育部重点实验室厦门361005

由于电致化学发光(ECL)的连续可测性、高灵敏度、稳定和方法简单,被广泛应用于分子生物学、药学、化学和环保等领域。而将可电化学再生的ECL试剂固定于电极表面,可获得ECL传感器,从而减少分析过程中试剂的消耗并简化实验装置。联吡啶钌... 详细信息

由于电致化学发光(ECL)的连续可测性、高灵敏度、稳定和方法简单,被广泛应用于分子生物学、药学、化学和环保等领域。而将可电化学再生的ECL试剂固定于电极表面,可获得ECL传感器,从而减少分析过程中试剂的消耗并简化实验装置。联吡啶钌及其衍生物在电极表面的固定化研究成为ECL研究的重要方向。本文综述了2004年以来联吡啶钌及其衍生物修饰电极的固相ECL的研究进展,并简要介绍了各种固定方法及其相关的应用情况。

关键词：固相电致化学发光联吡啶钌修饰电极

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Exploring and exploiting resonance in coupled and/or nonlinear microelectromechanical oscillators

Exploring and exploiting resonance in coupled and/or nonline...

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作者： Rhoads, Jeffrey F. Michigan State University

学位级别：Ph.D.

Mass sensors utilizing resonant microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have recently garnered significant interest from the engineering research community. While motivations vary, this interest is generally attributed to the fact that resonant m crosensors offer the potential for increased mass sensitivity, in addition to all of the benefits typically attendant to microelectromechanical devices, namely, minimal power consumption, small size, seamless integration with existing integrated circuit technologies, and comparatively low cost. Pertinent to the present study is the fact that the majority of resonant microsensors utilize linear resonance structures. While this approach offers unquestionable utility, because most uncoupled, linear microsensors feature a single dominant degree-of-freedom and a single functionalized surface, these devices are generally capable of detecting only a single analyte. Likewise, since Lorentzian resonance structures are employed, sensor metrics are often constrained by the devices' scale and difficult to control independently. The present study seeks to overcome the aforementioned limitations by examining the use of non-traditional microresonator architectures in resonant mass sensing applications. Specifically, the work considers the design, modeling, analysis, and implementation of (i) single input - single output (SISO), multi-analyte sensors based on arrays of coupled microbeam oscillators, (ii) electrostatically-actuated microbeams utilizing purely-parametric excitations, and (iii) resonant microcantilevers utilizing magnetomotive transduction. Each of these systems is believed to be capable of rendering simpler mass sensing systems and/or sensors with improved metrics. The first portion of the present study considers the design and development of a SISO, resonant mass sensor capable of detecting multiple target analytes. This device, much like its traditional counterparts, employs linear resonance shifts to indicate a detection ev

关键词： Microelectromechanical systemsOscillators ElectricResonance

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development of state-of-the-art characterization test bench for integrated detector Dewar Cooler Assembly based infrared focal plane arrays 38

Development of state-of-the-art characterization test bench ...

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38th Asian Conference on Remote Sensing - Space applications: Touching Human Lives, ACRS 2017

作者： Jain, Ankur Banerjee, Arup Sensor Focal Plane Systems Division Electro-optical Systems Design and Integration Group Sensors Development Area Space Applications Centre Ahmedabad380015 India

Large format Infrared Focal Plane arrays (IRFPAs) are envisaged to be used in ISRO's future remote sensing programs for multispectral and hyperspectral imaging applications. These IRFPAs consists of two dimensional (2D) photodiode array hybridized with high performance Read-out Integrated Circuits (ROICs). An Integrated Detector Dewar Cooler Assembly (IDDCA) is essential to characterize such IRFPAs at desired cryogenic temperature in lab conditions. In an IDDCA, the FPA sits over the cold tip of an active cryo-cooler and the detector cooler assembly is vacuum sealed in a thermally isolated Dewar. Characterization of such IDDCA based IRFPAs require tremendous expertise in the fields of optics, thermal, mechanical and electronics. A test bench is developed to characterize electrical, electro-optical, mechanical and thermal characteristics of IDDCA based IRFPAs. The setup is designed with a modular approach whereby the required equipments can be connected depending on the parameter to be measured. Major features of the developed test bench are: (i) FPA operating temperature and Cooler skin temperature control, (ii) Cooler cool down curve and thermal characteristics measurement, (iii) Generation of low noise tunable bias and programmable timing and control clocks for FPA operation, (iv) ROIC on-chip register programming for gain, integration time, frame rate and windowing control, (v) Multi-port video data digitization, (vi) Digital data acquisition and (vii) Online data processing. Validation of the developed test bench was carried out by characterizing a large format SWIR IDDCA where the FPA is operating at 150K. This paper gives design details and validation test results of the developed IDDCA characterization test bench. © 2017 ACRS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Infrared radiation

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Sub-nanosecond avalanche transistor drivers for low impedance pulsed power applications.

Sub-nanosecond avalanche transistor drivers for low impedanc...

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28th IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science/13th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference

作者： Molina, LL Mar, A Zutavern, FJ Loubriel, GM O'Malley, MW Sandia Natl Labs Albuquerque NM 87185 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780371208

Ultra compact, short pulse, high voltage, high current pulsers are needed for a variety of non-linear electrical and optical applications. With a fast risetime and short pulse width, these drivers are capable of producing sub-nanosecond electrical and thus optical pulses by gain switching semiconductor laser diodes. Gain-switching of laser diodes requires a sub-nanosecond pulser capable of driving a low output impedance. (5 52 or less). Optical pulses obtained had risetimes as fast as 20ps. The designed pulsers also could be used for triggering photo-conductive semiconductor switches (PCSS), gating high speed optical imaging systems, and providing electrical and optical sources for fast transient sensor applications. Building on concepts from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [I], the development of pulsers based on solid state avalanche transistors was adapted to drive low impedances. As each successive stage is avalanched in the circuit, the amount of over voltage increases, increasing the switching speed and improving the turn on time of the output pulse at the final stage. The output of the pulser is coupled into the load using a Blumlein configuration. The impedance and associated discharge time of this configuration is tailored to the impedance and pulse duration requirements of the load.

关键词： Avalanche diodes

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Flexible Polymer-Ceramic Composite Materials for High Sensitive Pressure Sensing applications in Harsh Environments

Flexible Polymer-Ceramic Composite Materials for High Sensit...

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作者： Varadharajan Idhaiam, Kavin Sivaneri West Virginia University

学位级别：M.S.

Robotics aligned with completing physical activities in the space environments will require a new suit of solid-state sensors that are versatile and robust, and will provide precise information about contact events with various space assets. One of the vital sensing mechanisms is the “feel-of-touch” or “tactile/haptic” feedback to the robotic system. Current robotics tactile/force sensor use mechanical switches for the feedback to determine whether the end-effector is in contact, which does not provide sufficient information regarding the local force and point-of-contact for the robotic end-effector. To tackle these challenges, the current work focusses on the development of flexible tactile sensor arrays that conform to the geometry of the end-effector and provide information about contact location, force magnitude, and force type. The sensor arrays were also composed of robust materials sufficient for the desired space application; the sensor system was designed to withstand the harsh environment, temperature fluctuations, and desired sensitivity. In this research, tactile sensor arrays were fabricated and tested, which were flexible, thick film, capacitive sensors that are composed of a 2:2 laminar polymer-ceramic composite. The composite was composed of four distinct layers, which consist of a polyimide support (Kapton film), patterned Pt electrodes, a compliant elastomer layer, and a ceramic dielectric layer (HfO2). Three different capacitive sensor architectures were developed to study the influence of the dielectric HfO2 layer on the sensitivity of the sensor. The baseline architecture was composed the compliant elastomer layer (Arathane 5753 A/B) sandwiched between the Pt electrodes. A bi-layer architecture was also fabricated with an additional HfO2 thin film deposited onto the elastomer in order to magnify the capacitive response of the sensor structure. In a tri-layer architecture, the HfO2 layer was sandwiched between elastomer layers to understand the i

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COPPER(ii) OXIDE NANOWIRE ARRAY HYDROGEN sensor VIA FACILE LARGE AREA CONTACT INTEGRATION

COPPER(II) OXIDE NANOWIRE ARRAY HYDROGEN SENSOR VIA FACILE L...

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International Conference on solid-state sensors, Actuators and Microsystems

作者： K. Limkrailassiri A. Kozinda L. Lin Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of California

ISBN: (纸本)9781467359825

This paper presents a novel method to achieve large area contact integration for copper(ii) oxide (CuO) nanowire array-based hydrogen gas sensors, which provides a simple solution to the ongoing challenge of harvesting nanostructured materials for gas sensing applications. The method presented herein offers six distinct advantages over previous nanostructured gas sensing technologies: (1) convenient electrical access to as-grown, freestanding nanowire arrays, thereby obviating postgrowth thin-film metallization, (2) lithography-free fabrication, (3) usage of large area nanowire arrays to circumvent low yield of single nanowire sensors, (4) reusability of contacts for batch characterization, (5) compatibility with all free-standing arrays grown on electrically conductive substrates, and (6) rapid response and recovery times. The CuO nanowire array-based gas sensors exhibited 5× to 25× increased resistance during operation, and a 20× improvement in recovery time compared to prior works.

关键词： Hydrogen gas sensor contact integration copper oxide nanowires

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Thiol-Ene Click Chemistry for solid state Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Upconversion and Parts-Per-Billion Pyrophosphate Sensing in Artificial Seawater

Thiol-Ene Click Chemistry for Solid State Triplet-Triplet An...

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作者： Abagail K. Williams University of Southern Mississippi

学位级别：硕士

Thiol-ene click chemistry is a robust approach to molecularly engineering polymers for many applications. Within this work, thiol-ene click chemistry is used to fabricate thiol-ene networks for TTA-UC and to synthesize a conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) used as a pyrophosphate (PPi) sensor in complex aqueous media. Chapter I focuses on the synthesis and upconversion performance of rubbery networks fabricated using thiol-ene click photopolymerization. The advancement of triplet-triplet annihilation based upconversion (TTA-UC) in emerging technologies necessitates the development of solid-state systems that are readily accessible and broadly applicable. We demonstrate that thiol-ene click chemistry can be used as a facile cure-on-demand synthetic route to access elastomeric films capable of TTA-UC. Photopolymerization of multifunctional thiols in the presence of a thiol-functionalized 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPA) emitter results in covalent DPA integration and homogenous crosslinked polymer networks. The palladium(ii) octaethylporphyrin (PdOEP) sensitizer is subsequently introduced into the films through solution immersion. Upon excitation at 544 nm, green-to-blue upconversion is observed with compositional tuning resulting in an optimal upconverted emission intensity at 1.0 wt% DPA and 0.02 wt% PdOEP. The effectiveness of thiol-ene networks to function as robust host materials for solid-state TTA-UC is further demonstrated by improved photostability in air. In Chapter ii, a thiol-ene click post polymerization modification is used to construct a conjugated polyelectrolyte capable of sensing pyrophosphate in a complex aqueous environment. The evolution of CPEs that transduce analyte-receptor interactions into detectable fluorescent responses in complex aqueous environments is predicated on advancements in molecular design and improved synthetic accessibility. Here, we demonstrate a simple post-polymerization modification protocol based on thiol-ene click chemistry tha

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Characterization of the column-based priority logic readout of Topmetal-ii^- CMOS pixel direct charge sensor

Characterization of the column-based priority logic readout ...

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Topical Workshop on Electronics for Particle Physics

作者： An, M. Zhang, W. Xiao, L. Gao, C. Chen, C. Han, M. Huang, G. Ji, R. Li, X. Liu, J. Mei, Y. Pei, H. Sun, Q. Sun, X. Wang, K. Yang, P. Zhou, W. Cent China Normal Univ Key Lab Quark & Lepton Phys MOE PLAC Wuhan 430079 Hubei Peoples R China Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab Nucl Sci Div Berkeley CA 94720 USA Chinese Acad Sci Inst High Energy Phys Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Southern Methodist Univ Dept Phys Dallas TX 75205 USA

We present the detailed study of the digital readout of Topmetal-ii- CMOS pixel direct charge sensor. Topmetal-ii- is an integrated sensor with an array of 72 x 72 pixels each capable of directly collecting external charge through exposed metal electrodes in the topmost metal layer. In addition to the time-shared multiplexing readout of the analog output from Charge Sensitive Amplifiers in each pixel, hits are also generated through comparators in each pixel with individually adjustable thresholds. The hits are read out via a column-based priority logic structure, retaining both hit location and time information. The in-array column-based priority logic features with a full clock-less circuitry hence there is no continuously running clock distributed in the pixel and matrix logic. These characteristics enable its use as the charge readout device in future Time Projection Chambers without gaseous gain mechanism, which has unique advantages in low background and low rate-density experiments. We studied the detailed working behavior and performance of this readout, and demonstrated its functional validity and potential in imaging applications.

关键词： Electronic detector readout concepts (solid-state) Front-end electronics for detector readout Pixelated detectors and associated VLSI electronics VLSI circuits

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An RBF Neural Network-based System for Home Smart Metering

An RBF Neural Network-based System for Home Smart Metering

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IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)

作者： Staiano, Antonino Inneguale, Fabio Univ Naples Parthenope Dept Sci & Technol Ctr Direz Isola C4 I-80143 Naples Italy Nexera SpA Ctr Direz Isola A3 I-80143 Naples Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781509060344

In the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), numerous application domains are emerging for a new generation of networked smart devices capable to process and communicate data over the Internet, for building a new smart world. While some large scale domains are certainly of a special interest, e.g., smart grid, some others small scale applications, e.g., smart home, give any user the chance to build his own IoT system. Thanks to the technological development, it is now possible to use and integrate cheap technologies to monitor the state of our homes. The paper is devoted to the implementation of an inexpensive system to measure the energy consumption of a home electrical appliances. An Arduino board equipped with a proper sensor is connected to the specific appliance one wants to monitor, and a web application running on a web server accessible through any device, i.e., pc, tablet or smartphone, makes it possible the real-time monitoring of the energy consumptions and to query for the historical energy rates. Moreover, a forecasting module based on a Radial Basis Function Neural Network trained, in the first layer, by a rough-fuzzy supervised clustering, provides future energy trends.

关键词： Estimation Field programmable gate arrays OFDM Modulation Filtration Clocks Signal processing algorithms

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