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检索条件"任意字段=Storage and Retrieval for Image and Video Databases"

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Query by synthesized sketch in an architectural database 5

Query by synthesized sketch in an architectural database

引用

Conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： BenoisPineau, J Martinez, J Briand, H IRESTE (France) IRIN/Univ. de Nantes (France)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

In an architectural database that is to be used by architects, urbanists, sociologists, geometers, etc., querying must be simplified. The aim of this work is to retrieve the images of a building that best fit a specified point of view. Original data are provided in DXF and TIFF formats (maps and images respectively.) A loose linking between these two types of information is obtained through textual attributes. However, the same building is photographed several times and more than a single building can appear on a picture. After determining the point of view by simple ''clicks'' on a map, we take advantage of the geometrical description of the building in order to draw its outline. Then, the images that have been textually associated with the selected building undergo a five-steps image-processing algorithm: conversion from the RGB color-space to intensity component, Nagao filtering, oriented gradient filtering, thresholding, and correlation-based hierarchical full search matching. If the building objects are not completely masked by natural ones, the ''rectangular'' shapes of frontage and side walls correspond well to the sketch and the requested images are returned to the user.

关键词： multimedia databases query by content image processing architectural application

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Using background knowledge for picture organization and retrieval 5

Using background knowledge for picture organization and retr...

引用

Conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： Quintana, Y Univ. of Western Ontario (Canada)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

A picture knowledge base management system is described that is used to represent, organize and retrieve pictures from a frame knowledge base. Experiments with human test subjects were conducted to obtain further descriptions of pictures from news magazines. These descriptions were used to represent the semantic content of pictures in frame representations. A conceptual clustering algorithm is described which organizes pictures not only on the observable features, but also on implicit properties derived from the frame representations. The algorithm uses inheritance reasoning to take into account background knowledge in the clustering. The algorithm creates clusters of pictures using a group similarity function that is based on the gestalt theory of picture perception. For each cluster created, a frame is generated which describes the semantic content of pictures in the cluster. Clustering and retrieval experiments were conducted with and without background knowledge. The paper shows how the use of background knowledge and semantic similarity heuristics improves the speed, precision, and recall of queries processed. The paper concludes with a discussion of how natural language processing of can be used to assist in the development of knowledge bases and the processing of user queries.

关键词： conceptual clustering content retrieval picture knowledge bases frames inheritance reasoning

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Multi-media indexing over the web 5

Multi-media indexing over the web

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Conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： Agnew, B Faloutsos, C Wang, ZY Welch, D Xue, XG Univ. of Maryland/College Park (United States) Univ. of Maryland/College Park and U.S. Army (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

There has been work on database systems that can retrieve multimedia objects by their content. We are extending this work by using the World Wide Web as source and storage for multimedia objects much like current text search engines do for textual information. A system that can access all types of multimedia objects by their content is a formidable task and improvements are constantly being made to indexing techniques. We have taken an important first step in demonstrating the viability of this technique while laying the groundwork for a larger, more capable system. We have implemented a simple indexing scheme while concentrating on building the infrastructure to support this system. Our system can retrieve references to images on the WWW, index those images, and store those images using spatial access methods. We then use query by example to find a set of images on the WWW that resemble our query image. Due to its design, it is easy to include additional context features, to substitute different indexing schemes, and add other types of multimedia to our system like time sequences, voice and video.

关键词： multimedia image indexing spatial database content-based retrieval World Wide Web

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image categorization using NxM-grams 5

Image categorization using NxM-grams

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Conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： Soffer, A Univ. of Maryland/Baltimore County and NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

A method for categorizing images using N x M-grams is presented. The goal of categorization is to find all images from the same category as a given query image. Some example categories are hand-written documents, printed documents, floor plans, satellite images, and fingerprints. The categorization method is based on the N-gram technique that is commonly used for determining similarity of text documents. Intuitively an N x M-gram is a small pattern in an image. The hypothesis that two images that have the same recurring patterns are likely to belong to the same category is examined. The notion of N x M-grams is defined and the process of computing an image profile in terms of its N x M-grams termed an N x M-gram vector is explained. Two similarity measures to compare images based on their N x M-gram vectors are proposed. Results of an experiment on images from various categories are presented. The two similarity measures for N x M-gram vectors are compared to each other as well as to results of categorization using a method based on color distribution features. The results show that for our test images N x M-gram based methods were more successful in finding images from the same category as a given query image than color distribution based methods.

关键词： retrieval by content image categorization N-grams image similarity image databases document analysis

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Issues in multimedia databases: Coding for content-based image retrieval and digital copyright protection

Issues in multimedia databases: Coding for content-based ima...

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作者： Swanson, Mitchell David University of Minnesota

学位级别：Ph.D.

Advances in computer networks and multimedia systems have led to a rapid growth in large digital image databases. Sophisticated image management techniques are needed to provide efficient storage and retrieval of such image collections. Furthermore, efficient access and reproduction afforded by digital media leads to problems in enforcing intellectual property rights. This thesis addresses two key issues in multimedia databases. The first issue is efficient management of large image libraries. We introduce a system which efficiently stores a large collection of images while simultaneously providing content-based access to the images. The new system is designed to minimize a weighted sum of the expected compressed image sizes and the expected query response time. The image management system supports several advanced database features, including compressed data modification and progressive refinement retrieval based on low complexity hit pattern matching. In experimental results based on a 1.4 Mbyte image database, the number of bits read during a typical retrieval was less than 1000 bytes (i.e., less than 0.08% of the database). The second issue we address is watermarking digital multimedia, e.g., images, audio, and video. Watermarking is the process of encoding hidden copyright information in data by making small modifications to the data samples. To be practical, the hidden information must be perceptually invisible yet robust to common signal processing operations. We introduce a technique to watermark multimedia data using the masking properties of the human auditory and visual systems. The watermark is constructed by breaking each audio, image, or video signal into smaller segments and adding a perceptually shaped pseudo-random sequence. The noise-like watermark is statistically undetectable to prevent unauthorized removal. Furthermore, the author representation we introduce resolves ownership deadlock. The watermarking technique is shown to be extremely robust

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An analysis of multi-level color histograms 5

An analysis of multi-level color histograms

引用

Conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： Ng, RT Tam, D Department of Computer Science University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 BC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

Color is one of the most recognizable elements of image content, and color histogram is the most commonly used technique for indexing colors. Faloutsos et al. propose using a 3-dimensional index to perform histogram filtering.(3) Sawhney and Hafner later generalize the filtering approach by using L-dimensional indices.(11) The main contribution of this paper is the development and analysis of multi-level color histograms. The key idea is to insert additional levels of abstracted histograms in between a low dimensional index and the original histograms. Based on a cost model we developed, our analysis shows that in most cases, the optimal 3-level and 4-level configurations, when compared with the Faloutsos configuration and the optimal Sawhney-Hafner configuration, require lower CPU and I/O costs. Experimental results indicate that the gain in total time can vary from 22% to 400%. Our analysis also shows that the overhead required by 3-level and 4-level histograms is negligible.

关键词： image databases color indexing cost analysis optimizer issues

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Distributed data collection for a database of radiological image interpretations 5

Distributed data collection for a database of radiological i...

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Conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： Long, LR Ostchega, Y Goh, GH Thoma, GR National Library of Medicine (United States) National Ctr. for Health Statistics (United States) Century Computing (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

The National Library of Medicine, in collaboration with the National Center for Health Statistics and the National Institute for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, has built a system for collecting radiological interpretations for a large set of x-ray images acquired as part of the data gathered in the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. This system is capable of delivering across the Internet 5- and 10-megabyte x-ray images to Sun workstations equipped with X Window based 2048x2560 image displays, for the purpose of having these images interpreted for the degree of presence of particular osteoarthritic conditions in the cervical and lumbar spines. The collected interpretations can then be stored in a database at the National Library of Medicine, under control of the Illustra DBMS. This system is a client/server database application which integrates (1) distributed server processing of client requests, (2) a customized image transmission method for faster Internet data delivery, (3) distributed client workstations with high resolution displays, image processing functions and an on-line digital atlas, and (4) relational database management of the collected data.

关键词： radiographs digital xray client/server National Library of Medicine DBMS Internet DBMS

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MALCBR: Content-based retrieval of image databases at multiple abstraction levels

MALCBR: Content-based retrieval of image databases at multip...

引用

Conference on Multimedia storage and Archiving Systems II

作者： Castelli, V Li, CS Bergman, LD IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Ctr. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819426628

Content-based search of large image database has received significant attention recently. In this paper, we proposed a new framework, Multiple. Abstraction Level Content Based retrieval (MALCBR), for specifying and process content-based retrieval queries on databases of images, time series, or video data. This framework allows search targets to be expressed in a object-based fashion, that allows the extensible specification of arbitrarily complex queries. In our approach, the search targets are either simple objects, specified at multiple levels of abstraction (pixel, feature and semantic levels), or composite objects, defined as collections of relation on the elements of a set of simple objects. During the search, simple objects at the semantic level are retrieved from database tables, feature level objects are computed using pre-extracted features;appropriately indexed, and pixel level objects are extracted from the raw data. Composite objects are computed at query execution time. This framework provides a powerful mechanism for specifying complicated search target and enable efficient processing of filtering of the search results.

关键词： content-based retrieval image library clustering classification neural networks feature vector template matching

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Fast encryption of image data using chaotic Kolmogorov flows 5

Fast encryption of image data using chaotic Kolmogorov flows

引用

Conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： Scharinger, J Johannes Kepler Univ. Linz (Austria)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

To guarantee security and privacy A image transmission and archival applications, adequate efficient bulk encryption techniques are necessary which are able to cope with the vast amounts of image data involved. Experience has shown that block-oriented symmetric product ciphers constitute an adequate design paradigm for resolving this task, since they can offer a very high level of security as well as very high encryption rates. In this contribution we introduce a new product cipher which encrypts large blocks of plain-text (images) by repeated intertwined application of substitution and permutation operations. While almost all of the current product ciphers use fixed (predefined) permutation operations on small data blocks, our approach involves parameterizable (keyed) permutations on large data blocks (whole images) induced by specific chaotic systems (Kolmogorov flows). By combining these highly unstable dynamics with an adaption of a very fast shift register based pseudo-random number generator we obtain a new class of computationally secure product ciphers which are firmly grounded on systems theoretic concepts, offering many features that make them superior to contemporary bulk encryption systems when aiming at efficient image data encryption.

关键词： image encryption product ciphers chaotic systems Kolmogorov hows pseudo-random number generation shift registers

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Content-based image retrieval in the world-wide-web - A web-agent for fetching portraits 5

Content-based image retrieval in the world-wide-web - A web-...

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storage and retrieval for image and video databases V 1997

作者： Munkelt, Olaf Kaufmann, Oliver Eckstein, Wolfgang Orleansstr. 34 München81667 Germany Technische Universität München Institut für Informatik Forschungsgruppe Bildverstehen Orleansstr. 34 München81667 Germany

This article propose a way to automatically retrieve images from the world-wide-web using a semantic description for images and an agent concept for the retrieval of images. The system represents image in a textual way, e.g. look for a portrait of the a specific person, or fetch an image showing a countryside in Southern California. This textual descriptions are fed in search machines, e.g. yahoo, alta-vista. The resulting html documents are seeked for links. The next step subsequently processes each link by fetching the document other the net, converting it to an ascii representation, and performing a full text search by using the image description. This leads to starting points of images which are retrieved via a web-agent. The image descriptions are decomposed in a set of parts containing image operations which are further processed, e.g. a set for representing the background of a portrait tries to find a homogeneous region in the image because this is likely to find in a portrait. Additional operations are performed on the foregroud, i.e. the image region which contains e.g. the face of a person. The system is realized using two C++ libraries: one for buildung up web-agents, LIWA++, and one for processing images, HORUS. © 1997 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： image analysis

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