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检索条件"任意字段=Storage and Retrieval for Image and Video Databases III"

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Managing compressed multimedia data in a memory hierarchy: Fundamental issues and basic solutions

Managing compressed multimedia data in a memory hierarchy: F...

引用

Conference on Multimedia storage and Archiving Systems iii

作者： Veijalainen, J Ojaneu, E Univ Jyvaskyla Dept Comp Sci & Informat Syst FIN-40351 Jyvaskyla Finland

ISBN: (纸本)0819429880

The purpose of the work is to discuss the fundamental issues and solutions in managing compressed and uncompressed multimedia data, especially voluminous continuous mediatypes (video, audio) and text in a memory hierarchy with four levels (main memory, magnetic disk, (optical or magnetic) on-line/near-line low-speed memory, and slow off-line memory, i.e. archive). We view the multimedia data in such a database to be generated, (compressed), and stored into the memory hierarchy (at the lowest non-archiving level), and subsequently retrieved, (decompressed), and presented. If unused, the data either travels down in the memory hierarchy or it is compressed and stored at the same level. We first discuss the general prerequisites of the memory hierarchy, like program locality and decreasing storage costs and performance of each deeper level. To discuss the issues in a greater depth a schematic four level memory hierarchy model is presented. Multimedia data poses, as compared to conventional data, three new requirements for a memory hierarchy. First, continuous multimedia data (e.g. audio and especially video) have real-time requirements for the retrieval time, not present in a conventional memory hierarchy supporting e.g. a virtual memory. Second, single multimedia objects are often very large, requiring hundreds of megabytes, even gigabytes of memory. From the memory hierarchy point of view the latter fact necessitates partial storage strategies at different levels. Third, the data is so voluminous that compression becomes an interesting alternative, because of considerable savings in storage capacity and I/O and network bandwith. Based on the real time requirements of continuous multimedia data one can set boundaries for the maximum retrieval time Tr-max Further, knowing the average retrieval speed S-i of the particular memory level i for an arbitrary object X one can determine the deepest possible (i.e. slowest) level the data can be placed on. The inequality Tr(O-j)

关键词： Multimedia video databases Data storage video compression Magnetism Data modeling image compression Optical storage Data archive systems

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Choosing efficient feature sets for video classification

Choosing efficient feature sets for video classification

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7th storage and retrieval for image and video databases Conference

作者： Fischer, S Steinmetz, R Tech Univ Darmstadt Dept Elect Engn & Informat Technol Ind Proc & Syst Commun D-64283 Darmstadt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819431273

In this paper we address the problem of choosing appropriate features to describe the content of still pictures or video sequences including audio. As the computational analysis of these features is often time-consuming it is useful to identify a minimal set allowing for an automatic classification of some class or genre. Further it can be shown that deleting the coherence of the features characterizing some class is not suitable to guarantee an optimal classification result. The central question of the paper is thus which features should be selected and how they should be weighted to optimize a classification problem.

关键词： content processing automatic video classification video analysis audio analysis

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Using content models to build audio-video summaries

Using content models to build audio-video summaries

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7th storage and retrieval for image and video databases Conference

作者： Saarela, J Merialdo, B Inst Eurecom F-06904 Sophia Antipolis France

ISBN: (纸本)0819431273

The amount of digitized video in video archives is becoming so huge that easier access and content browsing tools are desperately needed. Also, video is no longer one big piece of data but a collection of useful smaller building blocks that can be accessed and used independently from the original context of presentation. In this paper, we demonstrate a content model for audio-video sequences with the purpose of enabling the automatic generation of video summaries. The model is based on descriptors which indicate various properties and relations of audio and video segments. In practice, these descriptors could either be generated automatically by analysis methods, or produced manually (or computer-assisted) by the content provider himself. We analyze the requirements and characteristics of the different data segments with respect to the problem of summarization, and we define our model as a set of constraints which allow to produce good quality summaries.

关键词： video analysis summary segmentation audio-video synchronization presentation constraints

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video segmentation in the wavelet domain

Video segmentation in the wavelet domain

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Conference on Multimedia storage and Archiving Systems iii

作者： Mandal, MK Panchanathan, S Univ Ottawa Sch Informat Technol & Engn Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819429880

Automatic video indexing is an important feature in the design of a video databases. Recently, compressed domain techniques have become popular due their inherent advantages of efficiency and reduced complexity. Wavelet transform is emerging as a powerful tool for efficient compression of visual information. A variety of wavelet based video compression techniques have been reported in the literature. However, there has been little work done in the area of video indexing in the wavelet domain. In this paper, we present video segmentation techniques in a wavelet based compression framework. These techniques employ wavelet coefficients, their distribution, and the motion vectors estimated by the associated video coder. Simulation result shows that the proposed techniques provide a good indexing performance at a low complexity.

关键词： video segmentation indexing content-based retrieval wavelets motion vectors

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Implementation and performance evaluation of a progressive image retrieval system

Implementation and performance evaluation of a progressive i...

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storage and retrieval for image and video databases VI

作者： Liang, Kai-Chieh Kuo, C.-C. Jay Integrated Media Systems Center Dept. of Elec. Engineering Systems University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089-2564 United States

An integrated wavelet-based image storage and indexing system is proposed in this research. Indexing features of consideration contains the texture, color and spatial information of images. These features can be naturally extracted during the successive approximation quantization (SAQ) stage of the wavelet compression process. Extensive experimental results are performed to demonstrate the retrieval performance of the new approach.

关键词： image retrieval

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Fast texture database retrieval using extended fractal features

Fast texture database retrieval using extended fractal featu...

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storage and retrieval for image and video databases VI

作者： Kaplan, Lance M. Murenzi, Romain Namuduri, Kameswara R. Dept. of Computer Science Ctr. for Theoretical Studies of Phy. Clark Atlanta University Atlanta GA 30314 United States

The increase in the number of multimedia databases consisting of images has created a need for a quick method to search these databases for a particular type of image. An image retrieval system will output images from the databases similar to the query image in terms of shape, color, and texture. For the scope of our work, we study the performance of multiscale Hurst parameters as texture features for database image retrieval over a database consisting of homogeneous textures. These extended Hurst features represent a generalization of the Hurst parameter for fractional Brownian motion (fBm) where the extended parameters quantize the texture roughness of an image at various scales. We compare the retrieval performance of the extended parameters against traditional Hurst features and features obtained from the Gabor wavelet. Gabor wavelets have previously been suggested for image retrieval applications because they can be turned to obtain texture information for a number of different scales and orientations. In our experiments, we form a database combining textures from the Bonn, Brodatz, and MIT VisTex databases. Over the hybrid database, the extended fractal features were able to retrieve a higher percentage of similar textures than the Gabor features. Furthermore, the fractal features are faster to compute that the Gabor features.

关键词： image retrieval

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Texture content based retrieval using text descriptions

Texture content based retrieval using text descriptions

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7th storage and retrieval for image and video databases Conference

作者： Kuan, JKP Joyce, DW Lewis, PH ADC Metr Dev Grp Richmond TW9 1BN Surrey England

ISBN: (纸本)0819431273

We developed a content based retrieval scheme for texture by using text based description. The texture technique is based on our previous work which uses very simple texture primitives such as edges and plain regions to generate features. Other methods that apply complicated statistics can be difficult to transcribe into understandable forms for normal users. Unlike these other methods, with the simplicity of our features, we can express them in terms of simple language. Hence we can bridge the gap between semantics and computed features. A number of benefits can be achieved which opens a new horizon for content based retrieval with texture. For example, the user can request a texture image without necessarily knowing what types of textures are stored. In this paper we describe the method of translating such features and the partial weighted Euclidean distance matching which allows users to describe only the parts that they are interested in. This allows them to gradually refine their texture descriptions.

关键词： texture content based retrieval semantics language

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Finding regions of interest for content-extraction

Finding regions of interest for content-extraction

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7th storage and retrieval for image and video databases Conference

作者： Pauwels, EJ Frederix, G Katholieke Univ Leuven ESAT PSI Dept Elect Engn B-3001 Heverlee Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)0819431273

A major problem in Content-Based image retrieval (CBIR) is the unsupervised identification of perceptually salient regions in images. We contend that this problem can be tackled by mapping the pixels into various feature-spaces, whereupon they are subjected to a grouping-algorithm, In this paper we develop a robust and versatile non-parametric clustering algorithm that is able to handle the unbalanced and highly irregular clusters encountered in such CBIR-applications. The strength of our approach lies not so much in the clustering itself, but rather in the definition and use of two duster-validity indices that are independent of the cluster-topology. By combining them, an optimal clustering;can be identified, and experiments confirm that the associated clusters do indeed correspond to perceptually salient image-regions.

关键词： clustering segmentation content-extraction image-retrieval feature-extraction

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Vector angular distance measure for indexing and retrieval of color

Vector angular distance measure for indexing and retrieval o...

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7th storage and retrieval for image and video databases Conference

作者： Androutsos, D Plataniotis, KN Venetsanopoulos, AN Univ Toronto Dept Elect & Comp Engn Digital Signal & Image Proc Lab Toronto ON M5S 3G4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819431273

A key aspect of image retrieval using color, is the creation of robust and efficient indices. In particular, the color histogram remains the most popular index, due primarily to its simplicity. However, the color histogram has a number of drawbacks. Specifically histograms capture only global activity, they require quantisation to reduce dimensionality, are highly dependent on the chosen color space, have no means to exclude a certain color from a query and can provide erroneous results due to gamma nonlinearity. In this paper we present a vector angular distance measure which is implemented as part of our database system. Our system does away with histogram techniques for color indexing and retrieval and instead implements color vector techniques. We use color segmentation to extract regions of prominent color and use representative vectors from these extracted regions in the image indices. This way we end up with a much smaller index which does not have the granularity of a histogram. Instead similarity is based on our vector angular distance measure between a query color vector and the indexed representative vectors.

关键词： color vectors angular measure color exclusion gamma nonlinearity

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Wide-area-distributed storage system for multimedia database

Wide-area-distributed storage system for multimedia database

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7th storage and retrieval for image and video databases Conference

作者： Ueno, M Kinoshita, S Kuriki, M Murata, S Iwatsu, S NTT Integrated Informat & Energy Syst Labs Musashino Tokyo 1808585 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0819431273

We have developed a wide-area-distributed storage system for multimedia databases that minimizes the possibility of simultaneous failure of multiple disks in the event of a major disaster. It features a RAID system whose member disks are spatially distributed over a wide area Each node has a device that includes the controller of the RAID and the controller of the member disks controlled by other nodes. The devices in the node are connected to a computer using fiber optic cables and communicate using Fibre-Channel technology. Any computer at a node can utilize multiple devices connected by optical fibers as a single "virtual disk". The advantage of this system structure is that devices and fiber optic cables are shared by the computers. In this report, we first describe our proposed system and a prototype we used for testing, Then we discuss its performance, i.e., how the read and write throughputs are affected by data-access delay, the RAID level, and queuing.

关键词： distributed system disaster-tolerant multimedia database system RAID fibre-channel wide distribution storage system file system

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