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检索条件"任意字段=Storage and Retrieval for Image and Video Databases III"

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Multiresolution subimage similarity matching for large image databases

Multiresolution subimage similarity matching for large image...

引用

storage and retrieval for image and video databases VI

作者： Leung, Kai-Sang Ng, Raymond Department of Computer Science The Univ. of British Columbia 2366 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada

Many database management systems support whole-image matching. However, users may only remember certain subregions of the images. In this paper, we develop Padding and Reduction Algorithms to support subimage queries of arbitrary size based on local color information. The idea is to estimate the best-case lower bound to the dissimilarity measure between the query and the image. By making use of multiresolution representation, this lower bound becomes tighter as the scale becomes finer. Because image contents are usually pre-extracted and stored, a key issue is how to determine the number of levels used in the representation. We address this issue analytically by estimating the CPU and I/O costs, and experimentally by comparing the performance and accuracy of the outcomes of various filtering schemes. Our findings suggest that a 3-level hierarchy is preferred. We also study three strategies for searching multiple resolutions. Our studies indicate that the hybrid strategy with horizontal filtering on the coarse level and vertical filtering on remaining is the best choice when using Padding and Reduction Algorithms in the preferred 3-level multiresolution representation. The best 10 desired images can be retrieved efficiency and effectively from a collection of a thousand images in about 3.5 seconds.

关键词： Content based retrieval

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Disk system design for guaranteeing quality of service in interactive video-on-demand systems

Disk system design for guaranteeing quality of service in in...

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storage and retrieval for image and video databases VI

作者： Cheng, Chih-Yuan Oyang, Yen-Jen Lee, Meng-Huang Dept. of Comp. Sci. and Info. Eng. National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

This paper discusses disk system design that supports VCR-like interactive video-on-demand (VOD) with a good quality-of-service (QoS) guarantee. The guarantee of QoS is based on a practice that requires no higher data bandwidth to support a stream switching from the normal playback mode to a fast search mode while providing VCR-like visual feeling. The main issue studied in this paper is how to figure out the I/O bandwidth required in order to achieve a certain level of QoS. This paper presents a queueing model to tackle this problem and uses simulation to verify the validity of the queueing model. This paper also addresses the related implementation issues.

关键词： video on demand

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Editing cues for content-based analysis and summarization of motion pictures

Editing cues for content-based analysis and summarization of...

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storage and retrieval for image and video databases VI

作者： Ferman, A. Müfit Tekalp, A. Murat Dept. of Electrical Engineering Center for Electron. Imaging Systems University of Rochester Rochester NY 14627 United States

This paper introduces techniques that exploit common film editing practices to perform content-based analysis and summarization of video programs. By observing certain editing conventions we determine the intended associations between shots that constitute a coherent sequence, and utilize this information to generate meaningful semantic decompositions of streams. Dynamic composition, shot pacing, motion continuity, and shot transitions are among the editing tools that we consider for high-level analysis. We also develop techniques for detecting establishing shots in a video program, and demonstrate how they can be used for efficient query processing and summary generation. The proposed framework facilities such queries as finding shots that occur at the same location or within the same time frame;it also provides a powerful tool for semi-automated EDL and script generation.

关键词： image analysis

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On detection of gradual scene changes for parsing of video data

On detection of gradual scene changes for parsing of video d...

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storage and retrieval for image and video databases VI

作者： Song, S. Moon-Ho Kwon, Tae-Hoon Kim, Woonkyung M. Kim, Hyeokman Rhee, Byung-Do School of Electrical Engineering Korea University Sungbuk-gu Anam-dong 5 Ga 1 Seoul 136-701 Korea Republic of

The automatic video parser, a necessary tool for the development and maintenance of a video library, must accurately detect video scene changes so that the resulting video clips can be indexed in some fashion and stored in a video database. With the current existing algorithms, abrupt scene changes are detected fairly well;however, gradual scene changes, including fade-ins, fade-outs, and dissolves, are often missed. In this paper, we propose a new gradual scene change detection algorithm. In particular, we focus on fade-ins, fade-outs, and dissolves. The proposed algorithm is based on the chromatic video edit model. The video edit model indicates that, for sequences without motion, the second partial derivative with respect to time is zero during fade-ins, fade-outs, and dissolves. However, it is also zero for static scenes. Thus, the proposed algorithm computes the first (to disregard static scenes) and second partial derivatives, and if the norm of the second derivative is "small" relative to the norm of the first derivative, the algorithm declares a gradual scene change. The efficacy of our algorithm is demonstrated using a number of video clips and some performance comparisons are made with other existing approaches.

关键词： image processing

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Sequential processing for content-based retrieval of composite objects

Sequential processing for content-based retrieval of composi...

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storage and retrieval for image and video databases VI

作者： Li, Chung-Sheng Smith, John R. Bergman, Lawrence D. Castelli, Vittorio IBM T.J. Watson Research Center P.O. Box 704 Yorktown Heights NY 10598 United States

It is becoming increasingly important for multimedia databases to provide capabilities for content-based retrieval of composite objects. Composite objects consist of several simple objects which have feature, spatial, temporal, semantic attributes, and spatial and temporal relationships between them. A content-based composite object query is satisfied by evaluating a program of content-based rules (i.e., color, texture), spatial and temporal rules (i.e., east, west), fuzzy conjunctions (i.e., appears similar AND is spatially near) and database lookups (i.e., semantics). We propose a new sequential processing method for efficiently computing content-based queries of composite objects. The proposed method evaluates the composite object queries by (1) defining an efficient ordering of the sub-goals of the query, which involve spatial, temporal, content-based and fuzzy rules, (2) developing a query block management strategy for generating, evaluating, and caching intermediate sub-goal results, and (3) conducting a best-first dynamic programming-based search with intelligent back-tracking. The method is guaranteed to find the optimal answer to the query and reduces the query time by avoiding the exploration of unlikely candidates.

关键词： Content based retrieval

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引用

Conference on Multimedia storage and Archiving Systems iii

作者： Squire, DM Univ Geneva Comp Vis Grp CH-1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)0819429880

In this paper our goal is to employ human judgments of image similarity to improve the organization of an image database for content-based retrieval. We first derive a statistic, kappa(B), for measuring the agreement between two partitionings of an image set into unlabeled subsets. This measure can be used to measure both the degree of agreement between pairs of human subjects and that between human and machine partitionings of an image set. It also allows a direct comparison of database organizations, as opposed to the indirect measure available via precision and recall measurements. This provides a rigorous means of selecting between competing image database organization systems, and assessing how close the performance of such systems is to that which might be expected from a database organization done by hand. We then use the results of experiments in which human subjects are asked to partition a set of images into unlabeld subsets to define a similarity measure for pairs of images based on the frequency with which they were judged to be similar. We show that, when this measure is used to partition an image set using a clustering technique, the resultant clustering agrees better with those produced by human subjects than any of the feature space-based techniques investigated. Finally, we investigate the use of machine learning techniques to discover a mapping from a numerical feature space to this perceptual similarity space. Such a mapping would allow the ground truth knowledge abstracted from the human judgments to be generalized to unseen images. We show that a learning technique based on an extension of a Kohonen network allows a similarity space to be learnt which results in partitionings in excellent agreement with those produced by human subjects.

关键词： image databases database organization similarity learning agreement

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MetaSEEk: A content-based meta-search engine for images

MetaSEEk: A content-based meta-search engine for images

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storage and retrieval for image and video databases VI

作者： Beigi, Mandis Benitez, Ana B. Chang, Shih-Fu Department of Electrical Engineering New Media Technology Center Columbia University New York NY 10027 United States

Search engines are the most powerful resources for finding information on the rapidly expanding World Wide Web (WWW). Finding the desired search engines and learning how to use them, however, can be very time consuming. The integration of such search tools enables the users to access information across the world in a transparent and efficient manner. These systems are called meta-search engines. The recent emergence of visual information retrieval (VIR) search engines on the web is leading to the same efficiency problem. This paper describes and evaluates MetaSEEk, a content-based meta-search engine used for finding images on the Web based on their visual information. MetaSEEk is designed to intelligently select and interface with multiple on-line image search engines by ranking their performance for different classes of user queries. User feedback is also integrated in the ranking refinement. We compare MetaSEEk with a base line version of meta-search engine, which does not use the past performance of the different search engines in recommending target search engines for future queries.

关键词： Content based retrieval

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A robust image authentication method surviving JPEG lossy compression

A robust image authentication method surviving JPEG lossy co...

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storage and retrieval for image and video databases VI

作者： Lin, Ching-Yung Chang, Shih-Fu Department of Electrical Engineering New Media Technology Center Columbia University New York NY 10027 United States

image authentication verifies the originally of an image by detecting malicious manipulations. This goal is different from that of image watermarking which embeds into the image a signature surviving most manipulations. Existing methods for image authentication treat all types of manipulation equally (i.e., as unacceptable). However, some applications demand techniques that can distinguish acceptable manipulations (e.g., compression) from malicious ones. In this paper, we describe an effective technique for image authentication which can prevent malicious manipulations but allow JPEG lossy compression. The authentication signature is based on the invariance of the relationship between DCT coefficients of the same position in separate blocks of an image. This relationship will be preserved when these coefficients are quantized in a JPEG compression process. Our proposed method can distinguish malicious manipulations from JPEG lossy compression regardless of how high the compression ratio is. We also show that, in different practical cases, the design of authenticator depends on the number of recompression times and on whether the image is decoded into integral values in the pixel domain during the recompression process. Theoretical and experimental results indicate that this technique is effective for image authentication.

关键词： Digital watermarking

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Extracting image features from MPEG-2 compressed stream

Extracting image features from MPEG-2 compressed stream

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storage and retrieval for image and video databases VI

作者： Won, Chee Sun Park, Dong Kwon Yoo, Seong-Joon Dept. of Electronic Eng. Dongguk Univ. Seoul 100-715 Korea Republic of

In this paper, we propose a new image feature extraction algorithm in the compression domain. To minimize the decompression process the proposed feature extraction algorithm executes only the parsing process to the compressed bit stream. Then, by just decoding dct_dc_size in the MPEG-2 bit stream, we can determine if there exists any abrupt brightness change between two DCT blocks. According to the Huffman table for the MPEG-encoder, as the difference of the DC values between two succeeding DCT blocks increases, it yields longer coded bits. That is, the length of the coded DC value is proportional to the brightness change between two succeeding DCT blocks. Therefore, one can detect an edge feature between DCT blocks by just decoding the information regarding the number of bits assigned to the difference of the DC values. To demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed feature extraction method, we apply the detected edge features to find scene changes in the MPEG-2 compressed bit stream.

关键词： Feature extraction

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Synthesizing parallel imaging applications using the CAP computer-aided parallelization tool

Synthesizing parallel imaging applications using the CAP com...

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storage and retrieval for image and video databases VI

作者： Gennart, Benoit A. Mazzariol, Marc Messerli, Vincent Hersch, Roger D. Ecole Polytechnique Fed. de Lausanne EDFL-DI/LSP CH 1015 Lausanne Switzerland

Imaging applications such as filtering, image transforms and compression/decompression require vast amounts of computing power when applied to large data sets. These applications would potentially benefit from the use of parallel processing. However, dedicated parallel computers are expensive and their processing power per node lags behind that of the most recent commodity components. Furthermore, developing parallel applications remains a difficult task : writing and debugging the application is difficult (deadlocks), programs may not be portable from one parallel architecture to the other, and performance often comes short of expectations. In order to facilitate the development of parallel application, we propose the CAP computer-aided parallelization tool which enables application programmers to specify at a high-level of abstraction the flow of data between pipelined-parallel operations. In addition, the CAP tool supports the programmer in developing parallel imaging and storage operations. CAP enables combining efficiently parallel storage access routines and image processing sequential operations. This paper shows how processing nd I/O intensive imaging applications must be implemented to take advantage of parallelism and pipelining between data access and processing. This paper's contribution is (1) to show how such implementations can be compactly specified in CAP, and (2) to demonstrate that CAP specified applications achieve the performance of custom parallel code. The paper analyze theoretically the performance of CAP specified applications and demonstrates the accuracy of the theoretical analysis through experimental measurements.

关键词： image processing

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