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How Many Data Does Machine Learning in human-computer interaction Need?: Re-Estimating the Dataset Size for Convolutional Neural Network-Based Models of visual Perception

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IT PROFESSIONAL 2023年第2期25卷 23-29页

作者： Bakaev, Maxim Heil, Sebastian Khvorostov, Vladimir Gaedke, Martin Tech Univ Chemnitz Distributed & Selforganizing Syst D-09107 Chemnitz Germany Tech Univ Chemnitz Dept Comp Sci D-09107 Chemnitz Germany

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based user-interface (UI) design and evaluation are currently constrained by the scarcity of human-generated training data. Correspondingly, choosing appropriate neural network (NN) architecture and carefully planning the sample size is essential for building accurate machine learning models. Previously, we have estimated that for a convolutional NN to produce better mean square errors (MSEs) than feature-based models, the required training dataset size should be approximately 3000. Our current validation study with roughly 4000 web UIs and 233 subjects suggests that the estimation should be closer to 17,000. We propose corrected regression models suggesting that the dataset size effect is better described using a logarithmic function. We also report significant differences in MSEs between the employed perception dimensions, with aesthetics models having an MSE 21.5% worse than Complexity and 12.1% worse than Orderliness.

关键词： Training Training data Estimation Machine learning Mean square error methods Data models Planning

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Evaluating Digitalized visualization Interfaces: Integrating visual Design Elements and Analytic Hierarchy Process

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF human-computer interaction 2025年第9期41卷 5731-5760页

作者： Liu, Zhiping Zibo Comprehens Bonded Zone Dev Serv Ctr Zibo Shandong Peoples R China

This study addresses a fundamental scientific issue in digital interface design: the quantification of visual elements to enhance interface efficiency and user satisfaction. We propose an innovative framework combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process with visual design principles to quantitatively define and optimize design elements. The core of our research is a quantitative assessment method for interface design, aiming to advance the scientific understanding and development of digital user experience. We anticipate this approach will reveal the interplay between functionality, aesthetics, and emotion, guiding the creation of more appealing and efficient interfaces. Our findings clarify the scientific issue of integrating aesthetics with functionality in digital interface design, offering a systematic solution. This not only aids designers and researchers in understanding and evaluating the impact of interface design but also lays a solid theoretical and methodological foundation for future studies, encouraging a deeper scientific comprehension of the integration of aesthetics and functionality in interface design and exploring its application in crafting more effective and enjoyable user experiences.

关键词： visualization evaluation visual design elements analytic hierarchy process user interface user experience

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Balanced aesthetics: How Shape, Contrast, and visual Force Affect Interface Layout

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF human-computer interaction 2024年第24期40卷 8750-8763页

作者： Chen, Xiaoli Lu, Yongheng Hao, Guocheng China Univ Geosci Sch Mech & Elect Informat Wuhan Peoples R China

This study aims to investigate the effects of shape, contrast, and visual force on the visual weight of interface elements and provides corresponding experimental validations. The experiments employ representative abstract shapes as stimuli and conduct three visual weight experiments. The results of the shape experiment demonstrate significant effects of vertical and horizontal ellipses on visual weight, while polygons and rounded rectangles do not show significant effects. The contrast experiment reveals that increasing contrast significantly increases visual weight, particularly on a white background. The visual force experiment indicates that the direction of visual force influences visual weight, with a decrease in weight when directed towards the center of the interface and an increase when directed otherwise. Based on these experimental findings, we infer the underlying mechanisms of the effects of shape, contrast, and visual force on visual weight, providing empirical evidence for optimizing balance computational models.

关键词： Interface aesthetics visual balance visual weight computational model shape contrast visual force

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An Arabic Version of the visual aesthetics of Websites Inventory (AR-VisAWI): Translation and Psychometric Properties

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF human-computer interaction 2023年第14期39卷 2785-2795页

作者： Abbas, Ali Hirschfeld, Gerrit Thielsch, Meinald T. Univ Munster Dept Psychol Fliednerstr 21 D-48149 Munster Germany Univ Appl Sci Bielefeld Fac Business & Hlth Bielefeld Germany

In the field of human-computer interaction, the concept of visual aesthetics gained popularity after researchers started to recognize its merits and effects on user experience. Yet, no proper instrument exists to assess the visual aesthetics of websites that are intended for users who speak Arabic as their native language. As such, the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate an Arabic version of the visual aesthetics of Websites Inventory (VisAWI) and its short version (VisAWI-S). For this purpose, participants were asked to evaluate a randomly assigned website with the AR-VisAWI and with different validating instruments. A final sample of 223 participants was included in the analyses. Confirmatory factory analysis showed an acceptable fit of the AR-VisAWI and a good fit of the AR-VisAWI-S to the proposed structures. The reliability was also excellent (Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's Omega (omega) = .95) for the long version and good (Cronbach's alpha and omega total = .89) for the short version. Furthermore, the pattern of correlations to convergent and divergent measures supported the high construct validity of the translated scales. Overall, our results are the first empirical demonstration that the VisAWI captures facets of perceived aesthetics that can be reliably assessed in the Arabic-speaking world.

关键词： Websites

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Development and Validation of a Positive-Item Version of the visual aesthetics of Websites Inventory: The VisAWI-Pos

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF human-computer interaction 2024年第20期40卷 6622-6646页

作者： Perrig, Sebastian A. C. von Felten, Nick Honda, Marimo Opwis, Klaus Bruehlmann, Florian Univ Basel Ctr Gen Psychol & Methodol Basel Switzerland Univ Basel Ctr Gen Psychol & Methodol Missionsstr 62a CH-4055 Basel Switzerland

Despite its importance, few validated scales exist to measure aesthetics in HCI. One notable exception, the visual aesthetics of Websites Inventory (VisAWI), has never been validated in English. Furthermore, the VisAWI contains negatively formulated items, which adversely impact the psychometric quality of survey scales. Consequently, this paper's aim was the development of a positive-item version of the VisAWI, the VisAWI-pos, as a viable alternative to the original scale. Positive alternatives for the negative items of the VisAWI scale were developed and evaluated in a first study (N = 41). Afterward, a pre-registered second study (N = 966) was conducted to validate the VisAWI-pos. In addition, the VisAWI's English version was formally validated for the first time. Results showed that the English VisAWI has comparable psychometric qualities to validated versions in other languages. Furthermore, the VisAWI-pos provided matching results to the original VisAWI while exhibiting equal or improved psychometric quality.

关键词： aesthetics VisAWI measurement questionnaire survey scale user experience usability websites reverse-coded items negative items

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Aesthetic semantics: Affect rating of atomic visual web aesthetics for use in affective user experience design

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF human-computer STUDIES 2023年第1期171卷

作者： Odushegun, Labake Univ Dundee Sch Sci & Engn Dundee DD1 4HN Scotland

Aesthetic principle not only concerns the perception of visual beauty, but most crucially, the cognitive-affective responses derived from experiencing such stimuli. Despite this knowledge, user experience (UX) designers often prioritise beauty over intended end-user affect. This reversed order of prioritisation contradicts the sequential UX design process, leading to unexpected end-user perceptions and responses. The challenge in shaping UX before user interface (UI) design is that there first must be prior knowledge of aesthetic affect. A study with 1,782 worldwide participants was conducted evaluating affective user-responses to 43 atomic aesthetics using 153,252 data points and presented as affect ratings (ARs). Results demonstrated high affective resonance amongst aesthetics evaluated, suggesting aesthetic AR may be a viable method of improving the UX design process by influencing user perceptions, responses and actions at a non-conscious level. This is the first of a series of studies in the direction of Aesthetic Semantics (R).

关键词： Aesthetic semantics Affective design User experience human-computer interaction Aesthetic affect rating Cognitive processing

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Farsi Version of visual aesthetics of Website Inventory (FV-VisAWI): Translation and Psychometric Evaluation

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF human-computer interaction 2023年第4期39卷 834-841页

作者： Saremi, Mahnaz Sadeghi, Vahid Khodakarim, Soheila Maleki-Ghahfarokhi, Azam Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Workpl Hlth Promot Res Ctr Chamran HighwayVelenjak StPOB 198353-5511 Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Sch Publ Hlth & Safety Tehran Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Sch Med Dept Biostat Shiraz Iran Tabriz Univ Med Sci Fac Hlth Dept Occupat Hlth Student Res Comm Tabriz Iran

The visual Aesthetic of Website Inventory (VisAWI) is the most commonly used self-report instrument for evaluating website aesthetics. However, at this time, there is no valid and reliable instrument in Farsi for Iranian users to evaluate website aesthetics. This study aimed to translate, validate, and evaluate the psychometric properties of a Farsi version of VisAWI. To do this, the cross-cultural adoption method was used in this study. First, the VisAWI was translated using forward-backward translation. Then, in order to evaluate scale validity, content and face validity were determined. The final version of a scale inventory with 12 items was given to 200 students to evaluate one of the most visited websites in Iran which is the first e-commerce website. The reliability of scale was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and test-retest. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the validity of scale. Cronbach's alpha was 0.79 for this version. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the four-factor structure model was best fitted for the data. Our results showed the scaled psychometric Farsi version of VisAWI items tended to be valid and reliable for Iranian users.

关键词： Websites

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Interactive visual Communication Design of Mobile App Interface Based on Artificial Intelligence Technology

International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies

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International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies 2025年第10期19卷 182-198页

作者： Shan, Ludongdong Li, Bing School of Arts and Communication Hunan Mass Media Vocational and Technical College Changsha410000 China School of Arts and Communication Hebei University of Engineering and Science Shijiazhuang050000 China

Mobile app interface design is a crucial aspect of human-computer interaction. Interactive mobile app interface design becomes even more important. However, the traditional design system based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) has low accuracy and poor effect. It is important to improve the system to enhance user experience. To address these issues, the study utilizes the K-means clustering (KMC) algorithm and principal component analysis to analyze the collected user data for demand analysis. Then, a deep adversarial CNN is employed to generate a design scheme for the interactive mobile cell phone application. After evaluation by several mobile front-end engineers, the system designed products with an average rating of 85 for aesthetics, 89 for ease of use, and 83 for information intuitiveness. These excellent results highlight the method’s supremacy in interface design aesthetics and user experience, as well as its effectiveness and clarity in information organization and presentation. © 2025 by the authors of this article. Published under CC-BY.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Innovative Thinking About human-computer interaction in Interactive Narrative Games 5th

Innovative Thinking About Human-Computer Interaction in Inte...

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5th International Conference on HCI in Games (HCI-Games) held as Part of the 25th International Conference on human-computer interaction (HCII)

作者： Gao, Xintong Yu, Wei East China Univ Sci & Technol Sch Art Design & Media 130 Meilong Rd Shanghai Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031359293;9783031359309

Research on game interaction has been popular in recent years. Interactive narrative games are a branch of role-playing game games. In order to give interactive narrative games a stronger sense of immersion and a more diverse experience, the study of their interaction methods is essential. In this paper, we start from the development experience of interactive narrative games and categorize the existing game interaction methods into eight types: visual, auditory, tactile, gesture, expression, virtual reality, augmented reality, and intentional interaction according to the existing applications. And on this basis, based on the interaction design principles proposed by Donald Norman and the acceptance aesthetics theory proposed by Hans Robert Jauss, the interaction methods of future interactive narrative games are explored. Finally, the trend of interaction development and innovation of interactive narrative games is summarized as five points: the compounding of interaction medium, the naturalization of interaction behavior, the receptive innovation of interactive aesthetics, the warning innovation of interaction ethics, and the development of dual-universe integration of interaction experience.

关键词： interactive narrative games game interaction interaction innovation

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AI Tools to Enhance Cultural Identity in Traditional visual Communication: A Case study of Milan Chinatown 12th

AI Tools to Enhance Cultural Identity in Traditional Visual ...

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12th International Conference on Culture and Computing (C and C) Held as Part of the 26th International Conference on human-computer interaction (HCII)

作者： Liu, Xinxi Liu, Yuan Politecn Milan Campus Bovisa DurandoVia Giuseppe Candiani 72 I-20158 Milan Italy Beijing Inst Fash Technol Beijing 100029 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031611469;9783031611476

At present, Milan's Chinatown is becoming "featureless" - a zone filled with "European-style" buildings and urban storefrontswith a lack of Chinese character. The current language of visual media does not express the local cultural identity properly. Our approach is to understand the reasons for the blurring of cultural identity. The research methodology relies on field research, questionnaires, and secondary research. We also talk about the value of AI-generated tool-based language to extract the expression of cultural identity. It also generates reflections for potential future educational transformations. As an output, we generated a theoretical framework that combines both visual communication elements and cultural identity. The framework consists of a knowledge system that allows designers to develop communication design based on this approach and combined with AI tools, which can help Chinese styles to be better integrated into Western aesthetics and re-invent centuries-old concepts into modern visual directions.

关键词： Culture identity visual communication AI tool Chinatown

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