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3rd symposium on applied perception in graphics and visualization, apgv 2006

作者： Valle, Mario Swiss National Supercomputing Centre

ISBN: (纸本)1595934294

Chemistry deals with structures too small for the naked eye;thus chemists rely heavily on graphical representations. An external observer could presume that the available chemistry visualization tools would be at the forefront regarding representation techniques and interaction methods. Our survey of 20 widely available non-commercial molecular visualization tools shows instead a high uniformity of representation methods and a general imbalance toward visualization for presentation only. To study alternatives to the current situation, we created "viz laboratories": small, focused applications that highlight a specific chemistry visualization technique to collect practitioners feedback and to encourage them to think about new visualization paradigms. Copyright © 2006 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc.

关键词： visualization

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3D contour perception for flow visualization 06

3D contour perception for flow visualization

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3rd symposium on applied perception in graphics and visualization, apgv 2006

作者： Ware, Colin University of New Hampshire

ISBN: (纸本)1595934294

One of the most challenging problems in data visualization is the perception of 3D flow fields because judging the orientation of 3D paths is perceptually difficult. It is hypothesized that perception of the orientations of streamlines in space can greatly benefit from stereoscopic depth cues and motion parallax. In addition, because stereoscopic depth perception is a super-acuity and relies on such factors as small-scale stereoscopic disparity gradient based on texture, stereoscopic depth judgments will be exceptionally sensitive to display quality. In conventional displays, the aliasing of pixels gives completely spurious texture information to the mechanisms of stereoscopic depth perception. We carried out a study to evaluate the importance of 3D cues in perceiving the orientation of curved contours. The result showed that stereo and motion cues are essential to perceiving the orientation of 3D lines. If, however, the contours are rendered as shaded tubes, good orientation information is available even without stereo or motion depth cues. Copyright © 2006 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc.

关键词： Flow visualization

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Stevens dot patterns for 2D flow visualization 06

Stevens dot patterns for 2D flow visualization

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3rd symposium on applied perception in graphics and visualization, apgv 2006

作者： Tateosian, Laura G. Dennis, Brent M. Healey, Christopher G. Computer Science Department North Carolina State University

ISBN: (纸本)1595934294

This paper describes a new technique to visualize 2D flow fields with a sparse collection of dots. A cognitive model proposed by Kent Stevens describes how spatially local configurations of dots are processed in parallel by the low-level visual system to perceive orientations throughout the image. We integrate this model into a visualization algorithm that converts a sparse grid of dots into patterns that capture flow orientations in an underlying flow field. We describe how our algorithm supports large flow fields that exceed the capabilities of a display device, and demonstrate how to include properties like direction and velocity in our visualizations. We conclude by applying our technique to 2D slices from a simulated supernova collapse. Copyright © 2006 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc.

关键词： Flow visualization

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Optical flow, geometric field of view, and requested vehicle velocity 06

Optical flow, geometric field of view, and requested vehicle...

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3rd symposium on applied perception in graphics and visualization, apgv 2006

作者： Mourant, Ronald R. Ahmad, Najla Adetiloye, Charles Jaeger, Beverly K. Virtual Environments Laboratory Northeastern University

ISBN: (纸本)1595934294

In a simulated driving scenario, we investigated the production of vehicle velocity at 30 and 60 mph while varying the amount of optical flow (roadside trees versus no trees) and the geometric field of view (25, 55, and 85 horizontal degrees). Participant drivers were significantly less accurate in producing vehicle velocities of 30 mph as contrasted with those of the 60 mph target set. On average, the produced velocities were overestimated by 20 mph for the 30 mph target set. This may be due to an inability of driving simulators to produce authentic optical flows when traversing at 30 mph or lower velocities. Copyright © 2006 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc.

关键词： Sensory perception

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Enhancing interactive particle visualization with advanced shading models 06

Enhancing interactive particle visualization with advanced s...

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3rd symposium on applied perception in graphics and visualization, apgv 2006

作者： Gribble, Christiaan P. Parker, Steven G. Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute School of Computing University of Utah

ISBN: (纸本)1595934294

Particle-based simulation methods are used to model a wide range of complex phenomena and to solve time-dependent problems of various scales. Effective visualization of the resulting state should communicate subtle changes in the three-dimensional structure, spatial organization, and qualitative trends within a simulation as it evolves. We take steps toward understanding and using advanced shading models in the context of interactive particle visualization. Specifically, the impact of ambient occlusion and physically based diffuse interreflection is investigated using a formal user study. We find that these shading models provide additional visual cues that enable viewers to better understand subtle features within particle datasets. We also describe a visualization process that enables interactive navigation and exploration of large particle datasets, rendered with illumination effects from advanced shading models. Informal feedback from application scientists indicates that the results of this process enhance the data analysis tasks necessary for understanding complex particle datasets. Copyright © 2006 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc.

关键词： Enhanced recovery

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Color perception of 3D objects: Constancy with respect to variation of surface gloss 06

Color perception of 3D objects: Constancy with respect to va...

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3rd symposium on applied perception in graphics and visualization, apgv 2006

作者： Xiao, Bei Brainard, David H. University of Pennsylvania

ISBN: (纸本)1595934294

What determines the color appearance of real objects viewed under natural conditions'? The light reflected from different locations on a single object can vary enormously. This variation is enhanced when the material properties of the object are changed from matte to glossy. Yet humans have no trouble assigning a color name to most things. We studied how people perceive the color of spheres in complex scenes. Observers viewed graphics simulations of a three-dimensional scene containing two spheres, test and match. The observer's task was to adjust the match sphere until its color appearance was the same as that of the test sphere. The match sphere was always matte, and observers varied its color by changing the simulated spectral reflectance function. The surface gloss of the test spheres was varied across conditions. The data show that for fixed test sphere body reflectance, color appearance depends on surface gloss. This effect is small, however, compared to the variation that would be expected if observers simply matched the average of the light reflected from the test. Copyright © 2006 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc.

关键词： Three dimensional computer graphics

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Proceedings - apgv 2005: 2nd symposium on applied perception in graphics and visualization: Preface

Proceedings - APGV 2005: 2nd Symposium on Applied Perception...

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Proceedings - apgv 2005: 2nd symposium on applied perception in graphics and visualization 2005年 7-7页

作者： Bulthoff, Heinrich H. Troscianko, Tom Max-Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics Tübingen Germany University of Bristol United Kingdom

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ISBN: (纸本)1595931392

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Verification of rendering quality from measured BTFs 06

Verification of rendering quality from measured BTFs

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3rd symposium on applied perception in graphics and visualization, apgv 2006

作者： Meseth, Jan Müller, Gero Klein, Reinhard Röder, Florian Arnold, Michael Institute for Computer Science II Universität Bonn Germany IC:IDO GmbH Stuttgart Germany DaimlerChrysler AG Sindelfingen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)1595934294

One of the most important, still unsolved problems in computer graphics is the generation of predictive imagery, i.e., images that represent perfect renditions of reality. Such perfect images are required in application areas like Virtual Prototyping for making reliable decisions in the costly design development of novel products like cars and airplanes. Recently, measured material properties received significant attention since they enable generation of highly accurate images that appear to be predictive at a first glance. In this work we investigate the degree of realism that can be achieved using measured bidirectional texture functions (BTFs) by comparing photographs and rendered images at two scales. To analyze the realism of rendered images at a coarse scale, we compare the light distribution resulting from standard materials to the one from measured BTFs by automatic procedures. At a fine scale, accurate reproduction of material structures is checked by a psychophysical study. Our results show that measured BTFs lead to much more accurate results than standard materials at both scales. Copyright © 2006 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc.

关键词： Computer graphics

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visualization with smooth oriented textures and flows: Insights from perception 06

Visualization with smooth oriented textures and flows: Insig...

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3rd symposium on applied perception in graphics and visualization, apgv 2006

作者： Ben-Shahar, Ohad Department of Computer Science Ben-Gurion University Israel

ISBN: (纸本)1595934294

Oriented textures and smooth flows are common texture patterns in visualization, non-photorealistic rendering, and graphical depictions of 3D objects. While these patterns have been partially studied in terms of their contribution to the inference of 3D shape, early visual aspects of their perception, and in particular, their segregation and perceptual organization into coherent parts, have been largely ignored. Here we explore the perception of such smoothly varying oriented textures and flow patterns in order to provide several insights and formal constraints to their constructive use in graphics and visualization. First, we challenge the view that salient perceptual singularities between perceptually coherent regions in orientation-defined textures (ODTs) are tightly dependent upon outstanding contrasts (a.k.a. gradients, or discontinuities) in their local orientation. Unfortunately, this widely accepted view has emerged from two decades of psychophysical research into orientation-based texture segregation (OBTS) which focused mostly on piecewise constant ODTs. A more general inquiry, however, into ODTs of smoothly varying orientation, reveals new perceptual phenomena. In particular, as we show here, completely smooth oriented patterns exhibit striking perceptual singularities that often are mistaken for discontinuities, and are neither predictable from orientation contrasts nor are they detectable by popular segmentation algorithms (Fig. 1). In contrast to existing perceptual models, we then show that our previous (differential) geometric analysis of oriented patterns [BenShahar and Zucker 2003] can be extended into a new theory that fully predicts the observed perceptual singularities using a novel computational "perceptual singularities measure" (PSM): PSM(x,y)= ∏κT2+κN2>τ(Ridges[κN(x,y) 2/κT(x,y)2 + κN(x,y) 2]) (1) where κT(x,y) and κN(x,y) are the tangential and normal curvatures of the pattern, Ridges() returns the set of ridge points of its argument functi

关键词： visualization

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perception of Image Motion during Head Movement 06

Perception of Image Motion during Head Movement

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3rd symposium on applied perception in graphics and visualization, apgv 2006

作者： Li, Li Adelstein, Bernard D. Ellis, Stephen R. Human Systems Integration Division NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field CA 94035 San Jose State University Foundation San Jose CA 9517 Department of Psychology University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)1595934294

Previous studies have shown that self-motion has an inhibiting effect on concurrent 3D motion perception. To investigate whether self-motion similarly impairs concurrent image motion perception, we examined human perception of head-referenced horizontal image motion during head movement. The displayed stimulus was composed of a checkerboard image in a head mounted display oscillating from side to side at four frequencies (0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 Hz) with half peak-to-peak amplitudes ranging from 0° to 5.64. Eight observers rated the magnitude of the checkerboard motion while either rotating their head about a vertical axis (yaw), about a horizontal axis (pitch), or holding it still. For all image oscillation frequencies, perceptual sensitivity to image motion amplitude was reduced during both horizontal and vertical head movements (mean reduction: 0.44 and 0.17, respectively). In contrast, perceptual bias was affected only at 2 Hz (mean shift: -9.9% and -12.2% of the full image motion amplitude for horizontal and vertical head movements, respectively). The results indicate that head movement causes gain reductions in motion magnitude estimation at image oscillation frequencies &le1 Hz. At an oscillation frequency of 2 Hz, head movement produces both a gain reduction and a bias shift. Virtual environment developers could take advantage of such effects by relaxing requirements for image stability as well as motion fidelity during head movement. Copyright © 2006 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc.

关键词： Sensory perception

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