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Efficient Generation of Models of Fed-Batch Fermentations for process Design and control

Efficient Generation of Models of Fed-Batch Fermentations fo...

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11th IFAC symposium on dynamics and control of process systems including Biosystems

作者： Hebing, Lukas Neymann, Tobias Thuete, Tobias Jockwer, Alexander Engell, Sebastian TU Dortmund Dept Biochem & Chem Engn D-44221 Dortmund Germany Bayer Technol Serv D-51368 Leverkusen Germany Bayer HealthCare D-42113 Wuppertal Germany

The paper presents a fast and efficient approach to the generation of process models for fed-batch fermentation processes. Elementary Modes (EM) with kinetic terms are used as macro-reactions in the model. A method based upon dynamic metabolic flux analysis (DMFA) is used to find an optimal selection of EM based on concentration measurements instead of reaction rates that must be calculated from the measurements. A multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to investigate the tradeoff between the number of EM and the difference of the estimated concentration profiles from the available measurements. Thus the number Of macro-reactions for the model is kept small but the measured data are described sufficiently well by the selected EM. The influence of the process conditions on each macro -reaction rate are identified by a statistical analysis and kinetic expressions are fitted to the estimated evolutions by solving multiple simple optimization problems instead of a multi-dimensional large-scale nonlinear parameter optimization problem The resulting process model provides a good fit of the measurement data. Provided that the data is generated by a systematic approach, e.g., using a design of experiments strategy, the modelling procedure provides models of adequate complexity that are valid within the so-called design space of the process. (C) 2016, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic control) Hosting, by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Elementary Modes Macroscopic Modelling Dynamic Metabolic Flux Analysis Parameter Estimation

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Robust control of a supermarket refrigeration system using multi-stage NMPC

Robust control of a supermarket refrigeration system using m...

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11th IFAC symposium on dynamics and control of process systems including Biosystems

作者： Subramanian, Sankaranarayanan Ahmad, Adeel Engell, Sebastian TU Dortmund Proc Dynam & Operat Grp Dortmund Germany

Using Nonlinear Model Predictive control (NMPC), real world systems that are subject to stringent constraints can he controlled efficiently when accurate plant models are employed. Model uncertainties however May lead to poor performance of the controller and to constraint violations because of the wrong predictions. As in real applications, there often is a significant plant model mismatch, the controller must be robust to plant-model mismatch without deteriorating the performance of the controller significantly. Multi stage NMPC is a robust scheme which has been proven to be less conservative than open loop worst case solutions because of the presence of feedback information at the future time stages is explicitly accounted in the problem formulation. In this paper, We study the application of this NMPC technique to a supermarket, refrigeration system under uncertainty and show that the presence of uncertainties in the model lead to constraint violations when standard NMPC scheme is applied. The robust multi-stage NMPC scheme improves the controller performance by accounting for the uncertainties in the prediction and results in a reliable operation of the system. (C) 2016, IFAC (International Federation or Automatic control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multi-stage NMPC Robust control Hybrid system Refrigeration system Optimal control

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Dynamic simulation and analysis of a pilot-scale CO₂ post-combustion capture unit using piperazine and MEA

Dynamic simulation and analysis of a pilot-scale CO<sub>2</s...

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11th IFAC symposium on dynamics and control of process systems including Biosystems

作者： Gaspar, Jozsef Ricardez-Sandoval, Luis Jorgensen, John Bagterp Foshol, Philip Loldrup Tech Univ Denmark Dept Chem Engn Lyngby Denmark Univ Waterloo Dept Chem Engn Waterloo ON Canada Tech Univ Denmark Dept Appl Math & Comp Sci Lyngby Denmark

Post-combustion capture is a promising technology-for developing CO2 neutral power plants. However, to make it economically and technically feasible, capture plants must follow the fast and large load changes of the power plants without decreasing the overall performance of the plant. Dynamic modeling and simulation is therefore needed to evaluate the performance of this plant under critical operation. In this work, we evaluate the transient response of an absorber and a desorber for step changes of key process parameters, e.g. flue gas flow and composition, lean and rich CO2 loading, etc. We show the results for the baseline 30 wt% MEA and the low energy piperazine (PZ) solutions. This analysis reveals that the absorber reaches steady-state faster using MEA compared to PZ. This is related to the shift of the mass transfer zone due to changes in temperature. The transient operation in the regeneration unit is somewhat similar while using both solvents: an initial fast decrease of the lean loading is followed by a slow transient period as the system approaches steady-state conditions. We show the presence of inverse response in the stripper column when the rich loading decreases or the feed's temperature reduces using PZ solvent. Thus, we demonstrate that the dynamics of the MEA system cannot be extrapolated to other solvents. (C) 2016, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic control) Hosting, by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Modelling and System Identification process Optimization and Plant wide control CO2 post-combustion capture

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Practical Use of Savitzky-Golay Filtering-Based Ensemble Online SVR

Practical Use of Savitzky-Golay Filtering-Based Ensemble Onl...

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11th IFAC symposium on dynamics and control of process systems including Biosystems

作者： Kaneko, Hiromasa Matsumoto, Takuya Ootakara, Shigeki Funatsu, Kimito Univ Tokyo Dept Chem Syst Engn Tokyo Japan Mitsui Chem Inc Proc Technol Ctr Chiba Japan Mitsui Chem Inc Osaka Works Osaka Japan

As a result of collaboration between Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. and the University of Tokyo, a soft sensor tool was developed and implemented in several plants in Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. A soil sensor is an inferential model constructed between process variables that are easy to measure (X) and process variables that are difficult to measure (y). y-values can he estimated in real time by inputting X-values into a soft sensor. To maintain predictive ability of a soft sensor to be high, we employ ensemble online support vector regression (EOSVR) model as an adaptive soft sensor model, which can adapt to both nonlinear changes and time-varying changes. Additionally, to reduce noise in estimated y-values, Savitzky-Golay (SG) filtering is used for estimated y-values. Our proposed method is called EOSVR-SG and implemented as a soft sensor tool. In this paper, we show our soft sensor tool used in real chemical plants and its execution results in which the EOSVR-SG model could estimate y-values accurately and smoothly. (C) 2016, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic (control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： process control Soft sensor Support vector regression Adaptive model Ensemble Noise reduction Smoothing Savitzky-Golay filtering

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Closed-loop Formulation for Nonlinear Dynamic Real-time Optimization

Closed-loop Formulation for Nonlinear Dynamic Real-time Opti...

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11th IFAC symposium on dynamics and control of process systems including Biosystems

作者： Jamaludin, Mohammad Zamry Swartz, Christopher L. E. McMaster Univ Dept Chem Engn 1280 Main St West Hamilton ON L8S 4L7 Canada

This paper addresses real-time optimization strategies which can be readily implemented in industrial polymerization processes, even in case they show very fast dynamics. At the upper layer dynamic and steady-state real-time optimizations (D-RTO and RTO) are suggested and compared. A novel multistage formulation for the real-time dynamic optimization problem is introduced. It relies on a purely economic objective without additional stabilizing terms and facilitates an integrated treatment of a sequence of alternating dynamic and stationary operational stages. A case study shows that closed-loop D-RTO allows reducing off-spec material as well as exploiting or rejecting disturbances to maximize overall profit. The computational delay not only determines closed-loop performance but also significantly impacts the profit margin. The results indicate that even the simplest variant of the investigated strategies can significantly improve economic performance, since the transitions can be completed much faster than in current industrial practice. (C) 2016, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： real-time optimization economic optimization model predictive control complementarity constraints back-off mechanism

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Dual Mode MPC for a Concentrated Solar Thermal Power Plant

Dual Mode MPC for a Concentrated Solar Thermal Power Plant

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11th IFAC symposium on dynamics and control of process systems including Biosystems

作者： Alsharkawi, A. Rossiter, J. A. Univ Sheffield Dept Automat Control & Syst Engn Sheffield S1 3JD S Yorkshire England

A model predictive control strategy for a concentrated thermal power plant proposed. Design of ate proposed controller is based On ail. estimated linear tune invariant state space model around a nominal operating point. The model is estimated directly from input-output data using the subspace identification method and taking into account the frequency response of the plant. Input-output data are obtained from a nonlinear distributed parameter model of a plant rather than the plant itself. Effectiveness of the proposed control strategy in terms of tracking and disturbance rejection is evaluated through two different scenarios created in a nonlinear simulation environment. (C) 2016, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Concentrated solar thermal power plant Parabolic trough Nonlinear distributed parameter model Resonant modes Subspace identification Model predictive control

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Constrained Multivariable Predictive control of a Train of Cryogenic ¹³C Separation Columns

Constrained Multivariable Predictive Control of a Train of C...

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11th IFAC symposium on dynamics and control of process systems including Biosystems

作者： Ionescu, Clara M. Muresan, Cristina I. Copot, Dana De Keyser, Robin Univ Ghent Dept Energy & Syst Res Grp Dynam Syst & Control DYSC Technol Pk 9142nd Floor B-9052 Ghent Belgium Tech Univ Cluj Napoca Dept Automat 2628 Gh Bariiu StRoom 350 Cluj Napoca Romania

This work presents a linear, constrained, multivariable predictive control strategy, i.e. EPSAC (Extended Prediction Self-Adaptive control) applied to a train of three distillation columns. The columns are used to obtain the carbon isotope C-13 used widely in medicine and specific industries. The oversimplified models of the three columns stem from a. real-life plant designed and constructed in the National Institute for Research and Development for Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, in Cluj Napoca Romania. The simulation results suggest the strategy is applicable to this process. (C) 2016, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic control) Hosting, by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： multivariable control predictive control constrained control distillation column Smith Predictor scheme

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Stability Evaluation based Non-steady Variable Identification for Online Fault Prognosis

Stability Evaluation based Non-steady Variable Identificatio...

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11th IFAC symposium on dynamics and control of process systems including Biosystems

作者： Zhao, C. H. Wang, Wei Gao, F. R. Zhejiang Univ Dept Control Sci & Engn Stale Key Lab Ind Control Technol Hangzhou 310027 Zhejiang Peoples R China Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Dept Chem & Biomol Engn Kowloon Hong Kong Peoples R China

In the present work, an online fault prognosis strategy is developed for proactive abnormality management. For online prognosis, the fault degradation process should be well revealed. To well capture the evolution process, the proposed approach includes three components, First, the stability factor is defined to identify those significant faulty variables that show degradation process. Second, the fault variations departing from normal status are extracted by performing a modified Fisher discriminant analysis (MFDA) on the selected variables in normal and fault data. These critical variations are deemed to be evolving with time and thus responsible to the future process failure. Third, the significant variations arc captured to track the fault evolution process for fault prognosis by developing a vector auto-regression model to reveal how soon the process failure will happen. By the above modeling strategy, uninformative fault effects that do not present degradation arc excluded so that the true fault degradation process can be focused on for online fault prognosis. The proposed method is verified by both numerical and experimental data. (C) 2016, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stability-factor fault prognosis non-steady variable selection vector auto-regression model modified Fisher discriminant analysis (MFDA)

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Vinyl Acetate Monomer (VAM) Plant Model: A New Benchmark Problem for control and Operation Study

Vinyl Acetate Monomer (VAM) Plant Model: A New Benchmark Pro...

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11th IFAC symposium on dynamics and control of process systems including Biosystems

作者： Machida, Yuta Ootakara, Shigeki Seki, Hiroya Hashimoto, Yoshihiro Kano, Manabu Miyake, Yasuhiro Anzai, Naoto Sawai, Masavoshi Katsuno, Takashi Omata, Toshiaki Omega Simulat Co Ltd Tokyo 1690051 Japan Mitsui Chem Inc Osaka 5928501 Japan Tokyo Inst Technol Chem Resources Lab Yokohama Kanagawa 2268503 Japan Nagoya Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci Nagoya Aichi 4668555 Japan Kyoto Univ Dept Syst Sci Kyoto 6068501 Japan Ube Ind Ltd Yamaguchi 7558633 Japan Zeon Corp Tokyo 1008246 Japan Yokogawa Elect Corp Tokyo 1690051 Japan

A rigorous dynamic plant model of a vinyl acetate monomer (VAM) production was developed. This plant model enables the users to experience realistic plant operation, since it reflects the real plant characteristics and practical problems on the basis of experienced practitioners opinions. More importantly, the plant model provides a new benchmark problem;the users can investigate start-up/shutdown operation, plant-wide process control, fault detection and diagnosis, and others. Multiple scenarios prepared in the developed model cannot be simulated in conventional benchmark problems. The plant model can be used also for chemical engineering education. This advantageous plant model is released from Omega Simulation Co., Ltd. with a free limited license of Visual Modeler, which is a commercial dynamic simulator and can be linked with MATLAB (R). This article aims to introduce the VAM plant model, the steady-state balance, various disturbances and malfunctions, and operation scenarios. (C) 2016, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： process simulators process models dynamic models benchmark examples chemical industry plant-wide control

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Hardware-in-the-loop system for electro-pneumatic brake systems of commercial vehicles 24th

Hardware-in-the-loop system for electro-pneumatic brake syst...

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24th symposium of the International-Association-for-Vehicle-System-dynamics (IAVSD)

作者： Bauer, F. Lion, A. Litter, S. Topcagic, E. Univ Bundeswehr Fak Luft & Raumfahrttech Inst Mech Munich Germany MAN Truck & Bus AG ERVD Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781498777025;9781138028852

A hardware-in-the-loop system for an Electronic Braking System (EBS) as it is commonly used in heavy commercial vehicles is presented. The system runs a real-time capable vehicle model comprising the vehicle dynamics and the electro-pneumatic brake system. For the simulation of the vehicle dynamics a simple system dynamic vehicle model or a realtime multi-body vehicle model can be used. To evaluate the quality of the vehicle models they are compared to a validated multi-body vehicle model. For the system dynamic vehicle model discrepancies can be seen for highly unsteady manoeuvres. For the simulation of the electro-pneumatic brake system, a model library is used. The different topologies of brake systems can be assembled from component models and integrated into the vehicle model. The model determines the transient response of brake pressures and torques at the wheels as a result of the electrical signals given by the Electronic control Unit (ECU). The presented hardware-in-the-loop system allows the simulation of anti-lock braking manoeuvres and manoeuvres with interventions of the Electronic Stability control (ESC). With this system it is possible to estimate the consumption of air during an anti-lock braking manoeuvre or to evaluate the performance of the ESC during various manoeuvres. The presented system can support the homologation process of the ESC by adjusting the parameters of the system prior to physical tests or by a virtual homologation of some of the numerous vehicle variants.

关键词： Real-time simulation hardware-in-the-loop simulation electro-pneumatic brake system vehicle dynamics multi-body simulation

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