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检索条件"任意字段=Three-Dimensional and Multidimensional Microscopy: Image Acquisition and Processing IX"

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Computational Model of OCT in Lung Tissue

Computational Model of OCT in Lung Tissue

引用

Conference on three-dimensional and multidimensional microscopy - image acquisition and processing XVII

作者： Reed, David C. DiMarzio, Charles A. Northeastern Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Boston MA 02115 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479662

Lung research may have significant impact on human health. As two examples, recovery from collapse of the alveoli and the severe post surgery declines in forced vital capacity in patients under the effects of anesthesia are both poorly understood. Optical imaging is important to lung research for its inherently high resolution. microscopy and color imaging are fundamentals of medicine, but interior lung tissue is usually viewed either endoscopically or ex vivo, stained slices. Techniques such as confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography (OCT) have become increasingly popular in medical imaging because of their sectioning and depth penetration. Since OCT has the ability to achieve higher depth penetration than confocal it is more widely used in lung imaging, despite the difficulty of interpreting the images due to the poor numerical aperture (NA). To understand light propagation through the highly reflective and refractive surfaces of the lung, we developed a Finite-Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulation. FDTD solves a discrete approximation to Maxwell's equations. Initial simulations have shown that structure up to 30 - 40 mu m below the surface is clearly visible. Deeper structures are hard to interpret, because of light scattering, compounded by speckle associated with coherent detection. Further simulations and experimental imaging may lead to improved collection and processing of images at deeper levels.

关键词： Lung Optical coherence tomography Tissues Confocal microscopy Finite-difference time-domain method Maxwell's equations Computer simulations Magnetism microscopy image resolution

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Quantitative depth-variant imaging for fluorescence microscopy using the COSMOS software package

Quantitative depth-variant imaging for fluorescence microsco...

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Conference on three-dimensional and multidimensional microscopy - image acquisition and processing XVII

作者： Preza, Chrysanthe Myneni, Vimeetha Univ Memphis Dept Elect & Comp Engn Computat Imaging Res Lab Memphis TN 38152 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479662

The previously developed depth-variant expectation maximization (DVEM) restoration algorithm for fluorescent microscopy [1] has been implemented as part of the computational optical sectioning microscopy open source (COSMOS) software package [2]. COSMOS facilitates the development and dissemination of the DVEM algorithm which addresses depth-variant imaging due to spherical aberrations. Physical parameters such as the imaging lens, the size of the object and its refractive index contribute to the amount of spherical aberrations present in the image. The algorithm is based on a depth-variant imaging model and it requires a small number of point-spread functions (PSFs) defined at different depths within the sample. An acceptable choice for the number of PSFs needed for the computation provides a tradeoff between accuracy of the result and computational complexity. In this paper we show results obtained from simulation studies in which the performance of the DVEM algorithm is investigated for different parameters that contribute to depth variability. Some of the DVEM algorithm results are compared to results obtained with a spaceinvariant (or deconvolution) method from the same simulated data. The main conclusion from these studies is that a small number of PSFs can be used for the estimation without a significant loss in algorithm performance rendering the algorithm suitable for practical use. Furthermore, DVEM offers improvements over deconvolution methods with a small increase in computational complexity.

关键词： Computational microscopy imaging computational optical sectioning microscopy fluorescence microscopy depth-variant imaging space-variant imaging, COSMOS software spherical aberrations

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Differential interference contrast microscopy for the quantitative assessment of tissue organization

Differential interference contrast microscopy for the quanti...

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Conference on three-dimensional and multidimensional microscopy - image acquisition and processing XVII

作者： Duncan, Donald Fischer, David Daneshbod, Mehran Dayton, Amanda Prahl, Scott Portland State Univ 1900 SW 4th Ave Portland OR 97207 USA NASA Glenn Res Ctr Cleveland OH 44135 USA Univ New Mexico Dept Opt Sci & Engn Albuquerque NM 87131 USA Providence St Vincent Med Ctr Oregon Med Laser Ctr Portland OR 97225 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479662

The propagation of light through complex structures, such as biological tissue, is a poorly understood phenomenon. Typically the tissue is modeled as an effective medium, and Monte Carlo techniques are used to solve the radiative transport equation. In such an approach the medium is characterized in terms of a limited number of physical scatter and absorption parameters, but is otherwise considered homogeneous. For exploration of propagation phenomena such as spatial coherence, however, a physical model of the tissue medium that allows multiscale structure is required. We present a particularly simple means of establishing such a multiscale tissue characterization based on measurements using a differential interference contrast (DIC) microscope. This characterization is in terms of spatially resolved maps of the (polar and azimuthal) angular ray deviations. With such data, tissues can be characterized in terms of their first and second order scatter properties. We discuss a simple means of calibrating a DIC microscope, the measurement procedure and quantitative interpretation of the ensuing data. These characterizations are in terms of the scatter phase function and the spatial power spectral density

关键词： DIC Nomarski tissue characterization

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Highly parallel CMOS lock-in optical sensor array for hyperspectral recording in scanned imaging systems

Highly parallel CMOS lock-in optical sensor array for hypers...

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Conference on three-dimensional and multidimensional microscopy - image acquisition and processing XVII

作者： Light, Roger A. Smith, Richard J. Johnston, Nicholas S. Sharples, Steve D. Somekh, Michael G. Pitter, Mark C. Univ Nottingham IBIOS Univ Pk Nottingham NG7 2RD England Univ Nottingham Appl Opt Univ Pk Nottingham NG7 2RD England

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479662

Many optical measurements that are subject to high levels of background illumination rely on phase sensitive lock-in detection to extract the useful signal. If modulation is applied to the portion of the signal that contains information, lock-in detection can perform very narrowband (and hence low noise) detection at frequencies well away from noise sources such as 1/f and instrumental drift. Lock-in detection is therefore used in many optical imaging and measurement techniques, including optical coherence tomography, heterodyne interferometry, optoacoustic tomography and a range of pump-probe techniques. Phase sensitive imaging is generally performed sequentially with a single photodetector and a lock-in amplifier. However, this approach severely limits the rate of multi-dimensional image acquisition. We present a novel linear array chip that can perform phase sensitive, shot-noise limited optical detection in up to 256 parallel channels. This has been achieved by employing four independent wells in each pixel, and massively enhancing the intrinsic well depth to suppress the effect of optical shot noise. Thus the array can reduce the number of dimensions that need to be sequentially scanned and greatly speed up acquisition. Results demonstrating spatial and spectral parallelism in pump-probe experiments are presented where the a. c. amplitude to background ratio approaches 1 part in one million.

关键词： CMOS image sensor active pixel sensor modulated light phase stepping picosecond ultrasound

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Integrated Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Coherence microscopy Imaging of Human Pathology

Integrated Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Coherenc...

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Conference on three-dimensional and multidimensional microscopy - image acquisition and processing XVII

作者： Lee, Hsiang-Chieh Zhou, Chao Wang, Yihong Aguirre, Aaron D. Tsai, Tsung-Han Cohen, David W. Connolly, James L. Fujimoto, James G. MIT Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Cambridge MA 02139 USA Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr Harvard Med Sch Dept Pathol Boston MA 02115 USA Montefiore Med Ctr Albert Einstein Med Sch Dept Pathol Bronx NY 10467 USA MIT Harvard Mit Div Hlth Sci & Technol Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479662

Excisional biopsy is the current gold standard for disease diagnosis;however, it requires a relatively long processing time and it may also suffer from unacceptable false negative rates due to sampling errors. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a promising imaging technique that provide real-time, high resolution and three-dimensional (3D) images of tissue morphology. Optical coherence microscopy (OCM) is an extension of OCT, combining both the coherence gating and the confocal gating techniques. OCM imaging achieves cellular resolution with deeper imaging depth compared to confocal microscopy. An integrated OCT/OCM imaging system can provide co-registered multiscale imaging of tissue morphology. 3D-OCT provides architectural information with a large field of view and can be used to find regions of interest;while OCM provides high magnification to enable cellular imaging. The integrated OCT/OCM system has an axial resolution of <4um and transverse resolutions of 14um and <2um for OCT and OCM, respectively. In this study, a wide range of human pathologic specimens, including colon (58), thyroid (43), breast (34), and kidney (19), were imaged with OCT and OCM within 2 to 6 hours after excision. The images were compared with H & E histology to identify characteristic features useful for disease diagnosis. The feasibility of visualizing human pathology using integrated OCT/OCM was demonstrated in the pathology laboratory settings.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography optical coherence microscopy human pathology

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Optimal Pupil Design for Confocal microscopy

Optimal Pupil Design for Confocal Microscopy

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Conference on three-dimensional and multidimensional microscopy - image acquisition and processing XVII

作者： Patel, Yogesh G. Rajadhyaksha, Milind DiMarzio, Charles A. Northeastern Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn 440 Dana Bldg360 Huntington Ave Boston MA 02115 USA Northeastern Univ Dept Mech & Ind Engn Boston MA 02115 USA Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Ctr Dept Dermatol New York NY 10022 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479662

Confocal reflectance microscopy may enable screening and diagnosis of skin cancers noninvasively and in real-time, as an adjunct to biopsy and pathology. Current instruments are large, complex, and expensive. A simpler, confocal line-scanning microscope may accelerate the translation of confocal microscopy in clinical and surgical dermatology. A confocal reflectance microscope may use a beamsplitter, transmitting and detecting through the pupil, or a divided pupil, or theta configuration, with half used for transmission and half for detection. The divided pupil may offer better sectioning and contrast. We present a Fourier optics model and compare the on-axis irradiance of a confocal point-scanning microscope in both pupil configurations, optimizing the profile of a Gaussian beam in a circular or semicircular aperture. We repeat both calculations with a cylindrical lens which focuses the source to a line. The variable parameter is the fill-factor, h, the ratio of the 1/e(2) diameter of the Gaussian beam to the diameter of the full aperture. The optimal values of h, for point scanning are 0.90 (full) and 0.66 for the half-aperture. For line-scanning, the fill-factors are 1.02 (full) and 0.52 (half). Additional parameters to consider are the optimal location of the point-source beam in the divided-pupil configuration, the optimal line width for the line-source, and the width of the aperture in the divided-pupil configuration. Additional figures of merit are field-of-view and sectioning. Use of optimal designs is critical in comparing the experimental performance of the different configurations.

关键词： confocal microscopy Fourier optics point-scanning line-scanning full-pupil divided-pupil

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Practical optical quality assessment and correction of a nonlinear microscope

Practical optical quality assessment and correction of a non...

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Conference on three-dimensional and multidimensional microscopy - image acquisition and processing XVII

作者： Aviles-Espinosa, Rodrigo Andilla, Jordi Porcar-Guezenec, Rafael Olarte, Omar Santos, Susana I. C. O. Levecq, Xavier Artigas, David Loza-Alvarez, Pablo ICFO Inst Photon Sci Mediterranean Technol PkAv Canal Olimp S-N Castelldefels 08860 Barcelona Spain Imagine Opt F-91400 Orsay France Univ Politecn Cataluna Barcelona 08034 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479662

Nonlinear microscopy (NLM) has covered the requirement for higher contrast and resolution compared with other microscopy techniques, however, the optical quality of this imaging apparatus and the sample structure can compromise its capabilities. Here, we show that the imaging capabilities of a NLM can be affected by the aberrations produced by the setup optical elements alignment, the materials from which they are fabricated and more importantly by the sample. To overcome this, a Shack-Hartman Wavefront sensing scheme has been implemented for characterizing: a) the whole NLM setup and, b) the sample induced aberrations. The first part includes all the aberrations introduced by the optical elements, starting from the laser and until the microscope objective. Having these information, aberrations can be compensated in a closed-loop configuration resulting in the system calibration. Then the remaining aberrations (microscope objective and sample) are recorded. This is done employing the sample nonlinear fluorescence signal collected at one point (keeping the excitation beam static) in the imaging plane. Given that this emission is an incoherent process, it can be considered as a point source. Therefore its wavefront will contain the sample and the objective aberrations. Using the wavefront sensor the information is recorded and passed to the deformable mirror which will compensate the aberrations in a "single shot" (open-loop configuration). This compared with other adaptive optics strategies (i.e. iterative algorithms) results in a reduced sample exposure, and greatly decreases sample damage. Importantly the application of both corrections (system and sample) enables a significant signal intensity and contrast improvement.

关键词： Adaptive Optics Nonlinear microscopy Aberration compensation

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Fluorescence Fluctuation Analysis of Mixed Chromophores from a Line-Scanning Hyperspectral Imaging System

Fluorescence Fluctuation Analysis of Mixed Chromophores from...

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Conference on three-dimensional and multidimensional microscopy - image acquisition and processing XVII

作者： Davis, Ryan W. Aaron, Jesse S. Rempe, Susan L. Timlin, Jerilyn A. Sandia Natl Labs 7011 East Ave Livermore CA 94550 USA Sandia Natl Labs Albuquerque NM 87123 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479662

Fluorescence fluctuation analysis of dilute biomolecules can provide a powerful method for fast and accurate determination of diffusion dynamics, local concentrations, and aggregation states in complex environments. However, spectral overlap among multiple exogenous and endogenous fluorescent species, photobleaching, and background inhomogeneities can compromise quantitative accuracy and constrain useful biological implementation of this analytical strategy in real systems. In order to better understand these limitations and expand the utility of fluctuation correlation methods, spatiotemporal fluorescence correlation analysis was performed on spectrally resolved line scanned images of modeled and real data from mixed fluorescent nanospheres in a synthetic gel matrix. It was found that collecting images at a pixel sampling regime optimal for spectral imaging provides a method for calibration and subsequent temporal correlation analysis which is insensitive to spectral mixing, spatial inhomogeneity, and photobleaching. In these analyses, preprocessing with multivariate curve resolution (MCR) provided the local concentrations of each spectral component in the images, thus facilitating correlation analysis of each component individually. This approach allowed quantitative removal of background signals and showed dramatically improved quantitative results compared to a hypothetical system employing idealized filters and multi-parameter fitting routines.

关键词： Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy hyperspectral imaging spatiotemporal image correlation spectroscopy fluorescence fluctuation multivariate curve resolution line-scan imaging autofluorescence photobleaching

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three-dimensional and multidimensional microscopy: image acquisition and processing XVI

Three-dimensional and Multidimensional Microscopy: Image Acq...

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three-dimensional and multidimensional microscopy: image acquisition and processing XVI

ISBN: (纸本)9780819474308

The proceedings contain 23 papers. The topics discussed include: FPGA-based electronics for confocal line scanners with linear detector arrays;dual objective fluorescence microscopy for single molecule imaging applications;3D effects in DIC images of extended objects;comparison of optical quadrature microscopy and Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor;accurate phase measurements for thick spherical objects using optical quadrature microscopy;3D microscopy with a double-helix point spread function;hyperspectral image correlation for monitoring membrane protein dynamics in living cells;efficient confocal microscopy with a dual-wedge scanner;multi-wavelength digital holographic tomography based on spectral interferometry;application of 3D tracking, LED illumination and multi-wavelength techniques for quantitative cell analysis in digital holographic microscopy;and arbitrary two-dimensional multiphoton excitations patterns with temporally focused digital holograms.

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Multi-wavelength digital holographic tomography based on spectral interferometry

Multi-wavelength digital holographic tomography based on spe...

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Conference on three-dimensional and multidimensional microscopy - image acquisition and processing XVI

作者： Yu, Lingfeng Chen, Zhongping Univ Calif Irvine Dept Biomed Engn Beckman Laser Inst Irvine CA 92612 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819474308

We report a multi-wavelength digital holographic tomography system based on a fiber-based spectral interferometer. Instead of using tunable lasers, a relatively inexpensive broadband source was used as the light source. Hundreds of 2-D "synthesized holograms" (or object wavefields) were obtained by transversal scanning of a probe beam within a few seconds. Holographic images of an object volume were numerically reconstructed from each synthesized hologram and tomographic images were obtained by superposition of all the image volumes.

关键词： Digital holography Tomography Holograms Holography 3D image reconstruction Holographic interferometry Laser beam diagnostics Reconstruction algorithms 3D image processing Interferometry

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