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visualization in biomedical computing 1994

The proceedings contain 67 papers. The topics discussed include: automated segmentation of coronary vessels in angiographic image sequences utilizing temporal, spatial, and structural constraints;multiple resolution Bayesian segmentation of ultrasound images;fuzzy objects and their boundaries;semiautomatic construction of 3D medical image-segmentation processes;Brownian strings: segmenting images with stochastically deformable contours;segmentation of medical images using an active-contour model incorporating region-based image features;image segmentation using globally optimal growth in three dimensions with an adaptive feature set;and edgewarp: a flexible program package for biometric image warping in two dimensions.

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OPTIMAL DATA REPLICATION - A NEW APPROACH TO OPTIMIZING PARALLEL EM ALGORITHMS ON A MESH-CONNECTED MULTIPROCESSOR FOR 3D PET IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE 1995年第4期42卷 1235-1245页

作者： CHEN, CM LEE, SY AUBURN UNIV DEPT ELECT ENGNAUBURNAL 36849

The EM algorithm promises an estimated image with the maximal likelihood for 3D PET image reconstruction. However, due to its long computation time, the EM algorithm has not been widely used in practice. While several parallel implementations of the EM algorithm have been developed to make the EM algorithm feasible, they do not guarantee an optimal parallelization efficiency. In this paper, we propose a new parallel EM algorithm which maximizes the performance by optimizing data replication on a mesh-connected message-passing multiprocessor. To optimize data replication, we have formally derived the optimal allocation of shared data, group sizes, integration and broadcasting of replicated data as well as the scheduling of shared data accesses. The proposed parallel EM algorithm has been implemented on an iPSC/860 with 16 PEs. The experimental and theoretical results, which are consistent with each other, have shown that the proposed parallel EM algorithm could improve performance substantially over those using unoptimized data replication.

关键词： Positron emission tomography Image reconstruction Reconstruction algorithms Iterative algorithms Image converters biomedical engineering biomedical computing Broadcasting Data visualization Radioactive materials

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BUNKER VIEW - LIMITED-RANGE HEAD-MOTION-PARALLAX visualization FOR COMPLEX DATA SETS

BUNKER VIEW - LIMITED-RANGE HEAD-MOTION-PARALLAX VISUALIZATI...

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3rd Conference on visualization in biomedical computing 1994 (VBC 94)

作者： STATE, A BALU, S FUCHS, H UNIV N CAROLINA DEPT COMP SCICHAPEL HILLNC 27514

ISBN: (纸本)0819416983

This work presents a head-motion-parallax visualization system for arbitrarily complex computer graphics databases (such as biomedical data sets) using precomputed images. It features a large rear-projection screen and a blind restricting the range of possible vantage points. We describe implementation details for the high-resolution low-lag prototype system and relate first reactions from users.

关键词： visualization Head computing systems Image registration Virtual reality Optical tracking Prototyping Databases Eye 3D image processing

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Applications of image processing and visualization in the evaluation of murder and assault

Applications of image processing and visualization in the ev...

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visualization in biomedical computing 1994

作者： Oliver, William R. Rosenman, Julian Boxwala, Aziz Stotts, David Smith, John Soltys, Mitchel Symon, Jim Cullip, Tim Wagner, Glenn Armed Forces Institute of Pathology WashingtonDC20306-6000 United States Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel HillNC27514 United States Department of Pathology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel HillNC27514 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel HillNC27514 United States Department of Radiation Oncology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel HillNC27514 United States

Recent advances in image processing and visualization are of increasing use in the investigation of violent crime. The Digital Image Processing Laboratory at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in collaboration with groups at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill are actively exploring visualization applications including image processing of trauma images, three-dimensional visualization, forensic database management and telemedicine. Examples of recent applications are presented. Future directions of effort include interactive consultation and image manipulation tools for forensic data exploration. © 1994 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： visualization

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Volumetric deformable models: Active blobs

Volumetric deformable models: Active blobs

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visualization in biomedical computing 1994

作者： Whitaker, Ross T. European Computing-Industry Research Centre Gmbh Munich81925 Germany

Current modeling and segmentation techniques are not adequate for visualizing certain kinds of 3D medical data. This paper introduces volumetric deformable models, or active blobs, as a means of visualizing and segmenting 3D data. It presents an implicit framework that provides a means of generalizing deformable models to higher dimensions. It presents a new second-order smoothing function that offers some advantages over previous methods for smoothing surfaces. It describes some of the numerical techniques that are necessary for solving the resulting evolution equations. Finally it shows some examples of how active blobs are useful for the segmentation and visualization of 3D ultrasound and MRI data. Active blobs have a number of advantages over other types over other modeling techniques. Because of these advantages, active blobs are able to produce models directly from the 3D data, rather than presegmented datasets, edge maps, or sets of landmarks. © 1994 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： visualization

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Automated segmentation of coronary vessels in angiographic image sequences utilizing temporal, spatial and structural constraints

Automated segmentation of coronary vessels in angiographic i...

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visualization in biomedical computing 1994

作者： O'Brien, James F. Ezquerra, Norberto F. Graphics Visualization and Usability Center College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology United States

The methods presented here have been developed to perform the automated segmentation of coronary arterial structure from cine sequences ofbiplanar x-ray angiograms. We introduce a methodology to impose an integrated set of constraints based on knowledge concerning the anatomical structure of the vascular system, temporal changes in position due to motion, and spatial coherence. Results are shown for data sets generated from both porcine and human studies. © 1994 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cardiovascular system

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COMPUTERIZED ATLAS FOR FUNCTIONAL STEREOTAXIS ROBOTICS AND RADIOSURGERY

COMPUTERIZED ATLAS FOR FUNCTIONAL STEREOTAXIS ROBOTICS AND R...

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3rd Conference on visualization in biomedical computing 1994 (VBC 94)

作者： HARDY, TL ALVARADO HOSP CTR STEREOTACT & MOVEMENT DISORDERSSAN DIEGOCA

ISBN: (纸本)0819416983

The implementation and use of a computerized whole-brain mapping system which can be used in conjunction with the major imaging modalities (MR, CT, angiography, PET, SPECT) is described. Three mapping systems (brainstem anatomical, electrophysiological, and proportional whole-brain) based upon common reference structures about the third and fourth ventricular core of the brain are used in conjunction with internationally recognized nomenclature to create a comprehensive normalized whole-brain mapping system. This mapping technique can be universally applied to aid in discerning the surgical and anatomico-physiological topography of the brain for medical imaging.

关键词： Brain mapping Brain Associative arrays computing systems Neuroimaging Imaging systems Computed tomography Magnetic resonance imaging Databases Robotics

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FUZZY OBJECTS AND THEIR BOUNDARIES

FUZZY OBJECTS AND THEIR BOUNDARIES

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3rd Conference on visualization in biomedical computing 1994 (VBC 94)

作者： UDUPA, JK SAMARASEKERA, S VENUGOPAL, KP GREVERA, G UNIV PENN DEPT RADIOLPHILADELPHIAPA 19104

ISBN: (纸本)0819416983

Measured data are inherently inaccurate. Operations done on data for defining, visualizing, manipulating and analyzing object information should attempt to retain these inaccuracies as accurately as possible. The theory of fuzzy sets is a proper mathematical vehicle for this purpose. In this attempt, topological notions such as adjacency, connectedness, and boundary need to be developed starting from fuzzy sets. We develop such a framework in this paper and present algorithms for finding fuzzy connected components and boundaries in digital imagery. We demonstrate the usefulness of these algorithms in medical applications, particularly in separating objects that come close together which are otherwise difficult to segment using hard (non-fuzzy) criteria.

关键词： Fuzzy logic visualization Surgery Visual analytics Algorithm development Image segmentation Volume rendering Binary data biomedical optics Image processing algorithms and systems

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Deforming post-mortem radiograph images to reconstruct a bullet path through stock CT data

Deforming post-mortem radiograph images to reconstruct a bul...

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visualization in biomedical computing 1994

作者： Boxwala, Aziz A. Oliver, William R. Program in Medical Informatics Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC27599-7575 United States Digital Image Processing Laboratory Department of Cellular Pathology Armed Forces Institute of Pathology WashingtonDC20306-6000 United States

An earlier study investigated a technique to reconstruct in three-dimensions the path of a bullet through a skull, using the post-mortem X-rays of the victim and stock computed tomography (CT) data. This paper describes the addition of image deformation methods in order to improve the accuracy of the reconstruction technique. The skull X-ray images of the victim were warped to match the shape of the skull in the CT. The warping was done by a thin-plate spline deformation algorithm. The bullet path was again reconstructed using the warped X-ray images as the source of information for the bullet entry and exit wound. The difference in the angle of the bullet paths in the two reconstructions was 6.9 degrees. © 1994 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deformation

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Kinematics of the tarsal joints via 3D MR imaging

Kinematics of the tarsal joints via 3D MR imaging

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visualization in biomedical computing 1994

作者： Hirsch, Bruce Elliot Udupa, Jayaram K. Samarasekera, Supun Department of Biomedical Sciences Pennsylvania College of Podiatric Medicine PhiladelphiaPA19147 United States Medical Image Processing Group Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States

A new technique has been developed for the kinematic analysis of joints. It is based upon three dimensional reconstructions of the bones acting at a joint, from magnetic resonance image data, as the joint moves through its range of motion. The technique has been applied to the subtalar and transverse tarsal joints of the foot, but it can be used in the analysis of any skeletal joint. This method provides a description of the rotations and translations which occur as the bones move from one position to another. It also provides related data, such as a characterization of the contact areas between the bones. © 1994 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Kinematics

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