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Parallel implementation for 3-D CT image reconstruction on cell broadband engine™

Parallel implementation for 3-D CT image reconstruction on c...

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME 2007)

作者： Sakamoto, Masaharu Murase, Masana IBM Res Corp Tokyo Res Lab Kanagawa 2428502 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424410163

Cone-beam x-ray computed tomography (CT) is attracting increasing attention due to its applications in medicine, biomedical sciences, material engineering, and nondestructive industrial evaluation. Rapid volumetric image reconstruction is highly desirable in all these fields for prompt visualization and analysis of complex structures of interest. However, in most applications, volumetric image reconstruction is still a very demanding computational task. The Cell Broadband Engine Architecture (CBEA) is a novel microprocessor architecture designed to provide power-efficient and cost-effective high-performance processing for some of the world's most demanding applications, including next generation game consoles. applications that show special promise of benefiting from CBEA are medical imaging, security and surveillance, digital media, entertainment, communications, and selected scientific workloads. We implemented 3-D CT image reconstruction on the CBEA. However, the programming scheme of CBEA is different from single-core architectures. To archive peak performance on CBEA, coding optimizations are needed by exploiting the unique features of the hardware. In this paper, we describe the parallelization of the 3-D image reconstruction algorithm on the CBEA. The results show that the CBEA can achieve significant run time savings.

关键词： image reconstruction

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Morphological enhancement of medical images in a logarithmic image environment toolbox

Morphological enhancement of medical images in a logarithmic...

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15th European signal processing Conference, EUSIPCO 2007

作者： Zaharescu, Eugen Mathematics and Informatics Faculty Ovidius University of Constanta Romania 124 Mamaia Blv. 900527 Constanta Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9788392134022

The logarithmic image processing (LIP) theory is a mathematical framework that provides a set of specific algebraic and functional operations and structures that are well adapted to the representation and processing of non-linear images, and more generally of non-linear signals, valued in a bounded intensity range. This very well structured theory determined us to use the logarithmic image representation in our approach for defining a new set of mathematical morphology operators based upon structuring elements with a variable geometrical shape or adaptative structuring elements. The purpose of this paper is to define and to analyze the new multiplicative logarithmic morphological operators used in medical image enhancement. Finally, the experimental results reveal that this method has wide potential areas of impact which may include: Digital x-ray, Digital Mammography, Computer Tomography Scans, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance imagery and Telemedicine applications. © 2007 EURASIP.

关键词： Mathematical morphology

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Proceedings of SPIE: applications of Digital image processing xxx

Proceedings of SPIE: Applications of Digital Image Processin...

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applications of Digital image processing xxx

ISBN: (纸本)9780819468444

The proceedings contain 80 papers. The topics discussed include: video error concealment with outer and inner boundary matching algorithms;new quality metrics for digital image resizing;image analysis for the identification of coherent structures in plasma;real-time detection of targets in hyperspectral images using radial basis neural network filtering;image enhancement methods for the visually impaired;an efficient method of noise suppression in security systems;toward a tongue-based task triggering interface for computer interaction;pattern recognition and signal analysis in a mach-zehnder type phasing sensor;exploitation of hyperspectral imagery using adaptive resonance networks;fast super-resolution reconstructions of mobile video using warped transforms and adaptive thresholding;and coding and optimization of a fully scalable motion model.

关键词： image processing

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Methodology for the design of linear algorithms for signal processing applications

Methodology for the design of linear algorithms for signal p...

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作者： Hinds, Arianne Therese University of Colorado at Boulder

学位级别：Ph.D.

This thesis presents a methodology for designing fixed-point implementations of linear algorithms for digital signal processing applications. The algorithms targeted by this work are computation-intensive algorithms whose definitions require the use of floating point constants, such as the Inverse and Forward Discrete Cosine Transforms (DCT). These constants make the algorithms difficult to implement in fixed precision, especially when both efficiency and accuracy are concurrent design requirements for their implementations. Implementations that can be characterized as both efficient and accurate are important in the context of general consumer electronics, in particular portable consumer electronics, which can have limited energy resources available for numerical computation. Our methodology consists of five steps that can be used to design fixed-point implementations that are both efficient and accurate. We demonstrate its use throughout this work by applying it to the DCT which is a pervasive algorithm, particularly in the areas of still image and digital video coding. Moreover, our methodology is the underlying technology used in a new ISO/IEC standard for fixed-point implementations of the 8x8 Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform (IDCT) and the 8x8 Forward Discrete Cosine Transform (FDCT). Specifically, our IDCT/FDCT implementations which are selected for this international standard are intended for use in video technologies by ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11, a working group within the ISO/IEC organization that is more widely known as the Moving Picture Experts Group or simply as MPEG. The flexibility of our methodology to be applied to other algorithms is shown also in our fixed-point design and implementation of a novel approach for performing 2x2 sub-sampling of Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) formatted digital images. This thesis presents our five-step methodology and reviews the results of its application to create efficient and accurate fixed-point implement

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Medical image registration via steerable pyramid

Medical image registration via steerable pyramid

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29th Annual International Conference of IEEE-EMBS, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC'07

作者： Wang, x. Feng, D.D. IEEE School of Information Technologies University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Center for Multimedia Signal Processing Department of Electronic and Information Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic University

ISBN: (纸本)1424407885

image registration is enabling in integrating complementary and heterogeneous information from multiple images, and is particularly important for high-quality healthcare. To improve registration efficiency and accuracy, in this paper, a two-resolution-scale registration approach is proposed. Firstly, to speed up calculation, the images will be decomposed into multi-scale and multi-band representation by steerable pyramid that outweighs wavelets by providing invariance for both translation and rotation. Then, to avoid transformation error accumulation and magnification during the parameter transmission in the traditional multi-scale registration, the registration will be performed only in the lowest-resolution scale and the highest-resolution scale. In the former scale, the global rotation and scaling parameters will be calculated rapidly and accurately, which then will be directly used to initialize optimization in the latter scale, where, the translation differences will be corrected. The experiments on medicai images demonstrate that the proposed registration is of good performance. © 2007 IEEE.

关键词： image registration

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High-speed line-scan camera with digital time delay integration

High-speed line-scan camera with digital time delay integrat...

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Conference on Real-Time image processing 2007

作者： Bodenstorfer, Ernst Fuertler, Johannes Brodersen, Joerg Mayer, Konrad J. Eckel, Christian Gravogl, Klaus Nachtnebel, Herbert Austrian Res Ctr GmbH ARC High Performance Image Proc A-2444 Seibersdorf Austria Oregano Syst Design & Consulting GmbH A-1040 Vienna Austria Vienna Univ Technol Inst Comp Technol A-1040 Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9780819466099

Dealing with high-speed image acquisition and processing systems, the speed of operation is often limited by the amount of available light, due to short exposure times. Therefore, high-speed applications often use line-scan cameras, based on charge-coupled device (CCD) sensors with time delayed integration (TDI). Synchronous shift and accumulation of photoelectric charges on the CCD chip - according to the objects' movement - result in a longer effective exposure time without introducing additional motion blur. This paper presents a high-speed color line-scan camera based on a commercial complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) area image sensor with a Bayer filter matrix and a field programmable gate array (FPGA). The camera implements a digital equivalent to the TDI effect exploited with CCD cameras. The proposed design benefits from the high frame rates of CMOS sensors and from the possibility of arbitrarily addressing the rows of the sensor's pixel array. For the digital TDI just a small number of rows are read out from the area sensor which are then shifted and accumulated according to the movement of the inspected objects. This paper gives a detailed description of the digital TDI algorithm implemented on the FPGA. Relevant aspects for the practical application are discussed and key features of the camera are listed.

关键词： TDL system on chip real-time image processing camera link FPGA signal-to-noise Ratio

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The georeferencing errors of satellite data in remote sensing applications

The georeferencing errors of satellite data in remote sensin...

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Conference on image and signal processing for Remote Sensing xIII

作者： Alecu, Corina Chrysoulakis, Nektarios Oancea, Simona Stancalie, Gheorghe Natl Meteorol Adm Bucharest 013686 Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469069

The change detection and analysis, as remote sensing application, is based on the multi-temporal and/or multi-sensors approaches. However, the accuracy of such change detection activities can be limited by several factors. A key variable that may reduce the accuracy of change detection is the misregistration error between the used images. By accounting for the spatial variation in geometric and misregistration errors there is the potential to reduce their effects during change detection, increasing the accuracy of land cover change mapping. The effect of misregistration on land cover mapping and change detection could be more accurately predicted and ultimately removed if this spatial variation in error was modeled. In this study, the estimation of the effect of misregistration on ASTER derived land cover types was attempt. The proposed methodology is based on the comparison of the regression correlation coefficients between two images derived either from one single band or from two bands. To check the level of correlation, a procedure of modifying the geometric position of one single band or of two different bands, using the same resolution or different resolutions was applied. In order to obtain this artificial degradation, a transformation on three directions: on x axis, on y axis and on both x and y axis of one image comparing with itself or with another was applied. The study was performed for different scales, different land cover types and different complexity to evaluate the most influencing factors. This approach allowed quantification of the inappropriate image georeferencing, as well as the quantitative estimation of the size of distortion of the final results, in case of comparison of images from different dates and different sensors.

关键词： spatial misregistration ASTER multispectral imagery change detection geocorrection errors

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Object classification, segmentation and parameter estimation in multichannel images by classifier learning with clustering of local parameters

Object classification, segmentation and parameter estimation...

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Conference on image processing - Algorithms and Systems V

作者： Lukina, Vladimir V. Ponomarenko, Nikolay N. Zelensky, Alexander A. Egiazarian, Karen O. Astola, Jaakko T. Natl Aerosp Univ UA-61070 Kharkov Ukraine Tampere Univ Technol Inst Signal Proc FIN-33101 Tampere Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9780819466105

In different applications, it is often desirable to retrieve useful information from multichannel (color, multispectral, dual or full-polarization) images. On one hand, multichannel images are potentially able to provide a lot of useful information about sensed objects (terrains). On the other hand, the task of its reliable extraction is very complicated. And there are many reasons behind this like inherent noise, lack of a priori information about object features, complexity of scenes, etc. Therefore, numerous different approaches based on various functional principles and mathematical background have been already put forward. In majority of them, image classification and segmentation are common operations that precede estimation of object parameters. However, practically all methods are far away from completeness and/or perfection since they suffer from different drawbacks and application restrictions. Recently we have proposed methods based on learning with local parameter clustering that were rather successfully applied to image locally adaptive filtering and detection of objects with certain properties. This paper is an attempt to extend this approach to image classification, segmentation and object parameter estimation. A particular application of substance quantitative analysis from color images is considered. The proposed approach is shown to solve the aforementioned task quite well and to have a rather high potential for other applications.

关键词： multichannel images classification learning clustering

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Proceedings of SPIE - Visual Information processing xVI

Proceedings of SPIE - Visual Information Processing XVI

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Visual Information processing xVI

ISBN: (纸本)0819466972

The proceedings contain 20 papers. The topics discussed include: a system to automatically track humans and vehicles with a PTZ camera;visual signal processing using fly-eye based algorithm to detect the road edge;a progressive de-skewing technique for document image analysis;applications of a adaptive feature-specific imaging;steganalysis feature improvement using expectation maximization;power spectrum weighted edge analysis for straight edge detection in images;local statistics based filtering method for enhancement in super-resolution image reconstruction;and image quality measure via a quadtree homogeneity analysis.

关键词： Data processing

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Multiple observer siting and path planning on a compressed terrain

Multiple observer siting and path planning on a compressed t...

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Conference on Advanced signal processing Algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations xVII

作者： Tracy, Daniel M. Franklin, Randolph Cutler, Barbara Andrade, Marcus Luk, Franklin T. Inanc, Metin xie, Zhongyi Rensselaer Polytech Inst Dept Comp Sci Troy NY 12181 USA Rensselaer Polytech Inst Dept Elect Comp & Syst Engn Troy NY 12181 USA Univ Fed Vicosa Vicosa MG Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780819468451

We examine a smugglers and border guards scenario. We place observers on a terrain so as to optimize their visible coverage area. Then we compute a path that a smuggler would take so as to avoid detection., while also minimizing the path length. We also examine how our results are affected by using a lossy representation of the terrain instead. We propose three new application-specific error metrics for evaluating terrain compression. Our target terrain applications are the optimal placement of observers on a landscape and the navigation through the terrain by smuglers. Instead of using standard metrics such as average or maximum elevation error, we seek to optimize our compression on the specific real-world application of smugglers and border guards.

关键词： Visibility Roads Algorithm development image compression Detection and tracking algorithms image quality standards Cell phones Computer science Computing systems Systems engineering

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