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Development of a multispectral imagery device devoted to weed detection

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING 2004年第3期13卷 547-552页

作者： Vioix, JB Douzals, JP ENESAD F-21800 Quetigny France LE21 F-71200 Le Creusot France

Multispectral imagery is a large domain with a number of practical applications: thermography and quality control in industry, food science, and agronomy. The main interest is to obtain spectral information of the objects for which a reflectance signal can be associated to physical, chemical, and/or biological properties. Agronomic applications of multispectral imagery generally involve the acquisition of several images in visible and near infrared wavelengths. We first present a different kind of multispectral devices used for agronomic applications and then introduce an original multispectral acquisition system based on a single CCD. First results in laboratory are detailed, presenting a detection method using a neural network and in-field acquisitions and their results are shown. To improve the quality of weed detection, the spatial distribution of crops is used by a second method. Finally, the first works on merging are outlined. (C) 2004 SPIE and IST.

关键词： Optical filters Multispectral imaging Charge-coupled devices Reflectivity Neural networks Cameras Neurons Spatial resolution image processing Visible radiation

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A low memory wavelet zerotree coding for images transmission over noisy channels

A low memory wavelet zerotree coding for images transmission...

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6th IASTED International Conference on signal and image processing

作者： Wang, N Lin, Y Zheng, SY Li, x Shenzhen Univ Dept Informat Engn Shenzhen 518060 Guangdong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)0889864349

This paper presents a Robust Low Memory Zerotree Coder (RLMZC) with much less working memory. Two distinct bit sequences are designed according to their importance and channel noise sensitivity levels then being protected differently. The RLMZC algorithm abandons the use of lists in most of zerotree coding methods, defines a compact flag map, and introduces the heuristic depth finding strategy in the significant location operation and significant refinement operation. The compact flag map stores the status of coefficients and the heuristic depth finding strategy searches the significant descendant coefficients in tree branches. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm also provides a coding framework that separates the significance bits from the refinement bits, which helps to employ unequal error protection over noisy channels. Comparison of RLMZC with Set Partitioning In Hierarchical Trees(SPIHT) shows that RLMZC saves at least 1.085Mbytes of memory but only reduces minor peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR) values for coding a 512 x 512 gray image. For noisy channels our coder is more robust than SPHIT with equal error protection. In addition, RLMZC outperforms another Low Memory Coder (LZC) in both noisy and noiseless channels. The RLMZC is shown to be highly promising for some memory limited applications and noisy channels transmission applications.

关键词： image compression wavelet zerotree coder low memory and noisy channels

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Texture retrieval using ordinal co-occurrence features

Texture retrieval using ordinal co-occurrence features

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6th Nordic signal processing Symposium (NORSIG 2004)

作者： Partio, M Cramariuc, B Gabbouj, M Tampere Univ Technol Inst Signal Proc FIN-33101 Tampere Finland

ISBN: (纸本)951227065X

Due to variations in illumination conditions in texture evaluation applications, gray scale invariance is an important property in texture similarity evaluation. Using the order of the gray values instead of the gray values themselves is shown to improve the retrieval accuracy. Ordinal measures have been used for many image processing tasks in the literature. In this paper, we propose a novel combination of ordinal measures and co-occurrence matrices using local thresholding. Features constructed in this paper represent the occurrence frequency of certain ordinal relationships at different distances and orientations. The proposed method gives encouraging results when comparing its retrieval performance to that of the rotation invariant local binary pattern approach and traditional gray level co-occurrence matrices.

关键词： image retrieval

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An algorithm for removing artifacts in wavelet expansions

An algorithm for removing artifacts in wavelet expansions

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International Conference on Modeling, Simulation and Visualization Methods/International Conference on Algorithmic Mathematics and Computer Sciences

作者： Shen, xP Ohio Univ Dept Math Athens OH 45701 USA

ISBN: (纸本)1932415343

In the past of two decades, wavelet methods have been adopted enthusiastically in many engineering applications such as signal and image processing. However, like most of the classic orthogonal expansions, wavelet expansions also exhibit Gibbs phenomenon around discontinuities of the original signals. Therefore, the recovered signals using wavelet expansions could be corrupted by the overshoot (or undershoot) around the jump discontinuities. This is also true in the case of wavelet denoising and wavelet thresholding. In order to remove the artifacts, summability methods for orthogonal wavelet expansions were introduced in previous papers. These summability methods are based on replacing the conventional wavelet basis by its associated biorthogonal basis. This paper is devoted to the discussion of an algorithm used to construct the biorthogonal wavelet basis numerically.

关键词： positive estimation wavelets summability Gibbs phenomenon

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Survey and assessment of advanced feature extraction techniques and tools for EO applications

Survey and assessment of advanced feature extraction techniq...

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Conference on image and signal processing for Remote Sensing Ix

作者： Sorensen, MK Rasmussen, MS Skriver, H Johansen, P Pece, A Thygesen, JH Univ Copenhagen Inst Geog GRAS DK-1350 Copenhagen Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)0819451215

In addition to the substantial amounts of available Earth Observation (EO) data, there is currently an increasing trend towards the acquisition of larger and larger EO data and image quantities from single satellites or missions, with multiple, higher resolution sensors and with more frequent revisiting. More sophisticated algorithms and techniques than those largely in use today are required to exploit this rapidly growing wealth of data and images to a fuller extent. The project "Survey and Assessment of Advanced Feature Extraction Techniques and Tools for EO applications" (SURF) funded by the European Space Agency (ESA) will address these issues. The objective of SURF is to provide an overview of the current state-of-the-art Methods within feature extraction and manipulation for EO applications and to identify scenarios and related architectures for exploitation of the most promising EO feature extraction Methods. The task is to identify the most promising Methods to extract pertinent information from EO data on environment, natural resources and security issues. SURF aims at listing existing Methods with the final goal of identifying the three most promising Methods to be implemented in prototype solutions. The work includes the development of the concept for the evaluation and rating of Methods relative to the users needs for information, the maturity and novelty of the Methods, the potential for fusing data and the operational feasibility. Special emphasis will be made regarding the exploitation of state-of-the art image processing, pattern recognition and classification techniques.

关键词： automatic feature extraction classification survey methods EO remote sensing data fusion

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A secure watermarking scheme for copyright protection

A secure watermarking scheme for copyright protection

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Conference on applications of Digital image processing xxVII

作者： Zhang, JS Tian, L Tai, HM Wang, CJ SW Jiaotong Univ Sichuan Province Key Lab Signal & Informat Proc Chengdu 610031 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)0819454966

This paper presents a chaotic watermarking scheme for copyright protection. The proposed method employs the singular-value-decomposition (SVD) based watermarking scheme and the encrypted watermark based on the chaotic maps. The rightful owner possesses two secret keys: one related to the owner, another to the original image. Chaotic maps are used with the keys for watermark encryption so as to enhance the anti-counterfeit and noninvertibility properties of the watermark. Examples are illustrated to demonstrate the robustness and security of the proposed watermarking scheme.

关键词： watermarking copyright protection chaotic map encryption singular value decomposition

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Vibration estimation in image sequences for detection of temporal-domain signals

Vibration estimation in image sequences for detection of tem...

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Conference on applications of Digital image processing xxVII

作者： Feldman, G Bar, D Tugendhaft, I Elior, A Soreq Nucl Res Ctr Electro Opt Div IL-81800 Yavne Israel

ISBN: (纸本)0819454966

An algorithm is reported for estimation and suppression of small vibration effects in image sequences. Such effects, even of sub-pixel magnitude, may critically degrade power spectrum of temporal-domain signals. The algorithm consists of the following steps. 1) We perform preliminary detection of the presence of vibration and localize its fundamental frequency by estimating and analyzing the two-dimensional signal, composed of micro-displacements caused by vibrations. 2) We approximate this two-dimensional signal by a two-dimensional periodic function, treating it basically the same way as periodic signals (1,2). This model depends on a small number of coefficients. These coefficients are determined by direct LS fitting of the data. 3) We eliminate the effects of the vibration using this model function, for each pixel separately. With this algorithm, several image sequences were processed. The vibration image motions were reconstructed with sub-pixel accuracy and were not, usually, reducible to one-dimensional sinusoidal motion. The algorithm appears to be useful for improving detection of periodic signals in image sequences and reducing false alarms. This article continues our work on detection of periodic signals in image sequences (1,2).

关键词： image sequence vibrations gradient signal detection power spectrum

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Improvements in object recognition by radar and ladar data fusion

Improvements in object recognition by radar and ladar data f...

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Conference on image and signal processing for Remote Sensing x

作者： Bers, K Brehm, T Essen, H Jäger, K FGAn Res Inst Optron & Pattern Recognit D-76275 Ettlingen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819455202

Remote sensing using unmanned aerial vehicles is gaining more and more importance during peace keeping missions for military reconnaissance. Those applications nowadays have to take into account that under civil war conditions a mix-up of sensors within sensitive urban terrain may be useful. These tasks typically have to be fulfilled also under adverse weather conditions, which mainly can be served by airborne imaging radar sensors. Advanced radar sensors are able to deliver highly resolved images with considerable information content, as polarimetry, 3d-features and robustness against changing environmental and operational conditions. Extending the knowledge base for an object by fusion of radar data with Ladar-information or IR, a safe detection and even identification of objects becomes feasible allowing an optimized signal processing by distributing the assignments between the combined sensors. The contribution describes the different sensors and gives an overview over the image data for the sample scenes. The methods of object discrimination are discussed and representative results are shown.

关键词： Radar Sensors LIDAR Data fusion image fusion Data modeling Synthetic aperture radar Distance measurement image resolution Object recognition

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Miniature embedded real-time image processor system for smart sensor systems

Miniature embedded real-time image processor system for smar...

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Conference on Infrared Technology and applications xxx

作者： Baxter, CR Cicchi, TR Massie, MA McCarley, PL Nova Biomimet Solvang CA 93463 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453293

Programs at Nova Biomimetics have led to the design and development of a set of miniature electronics to be used for the application of a wide variety of point- and area-type mathematical operations to be applied in real time to the digital data produced by a variety of real-time digital video camera systems. Nova is planning to market these electronics in partial satisfaction of Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program dual-use commercialization requirements.

关键词： image processing Digital signal processing Video Cameras Imaging systems Video processing Staring arrays Electronics Field programmable gate arrays Sensors

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A 1000 FPS at 128 x 128 vision processor with 8-Bit digitized I/O

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IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS 2004年第7期39卷 1044-1055页

作者： Cembrano, GL Rodriguez-Vázquez, A Galán, RC Jiménez-Garrido, F Espejo, S Domínguez-Castro, R CNM IMSE Inst Microelect Seville 41012 Spain

This paper presents a mixed-signal programmable, chip for high-speed vision applications. It consists of an array of processing elements, arranged to operate in accordance with the principles of single instruction multiple data (SIMD) computing architectures. This chip, implemented in a 0.35-mum fully digital CMOS technology, contains similar to 3.75 M transistors and exhibits peak performance figures of 330 GOPS (8-bit equivalent giga-operations per second), 3.6 GOPS/mm(2) and 82.5 GOPS/W. It includes structures for image acquisition and for image processing, meaning that it does not require a separate imager for operation. At the sensory side, integration and log-compression sensing circuits are embedded, thus allowing the chip to handle a large variety of illumination conditions. At the processing plane, analog and digital circuits are employed whose parameters can be: programmed and their architecture reconfigured for the realization of software-coded processing algorithms. The chip provides, and accepts, 8-bit digitized data through a 32-bit bidirectional data bus which operates at 120 MB/s. Experimental results show that frame rates of 1000 frames per second (FPS) can be achieved under room illumination conditions - applications using exposures of about 50 mus have been recently reached by using special illumination setups. The chip can capture an image, run approximately 150 two-dimensional linear convolutions, and download the result in 8-bit digital format, in less than 1 ms. This feature, together with the possibility of executing sequences of user-definable instructions (stored on a full-custom 32-kb on-chip memory) and storing intermediate results (up to 8 grayscale images) makes the chip a true general-purpose sensory/processing device.

关键词： focal plane array processors mixed-signal SIMD vision chips visual microprocessors

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