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检索条件"任意字段=Wavelets - Applications in Signal and Image Processing X Conference"

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A special class of orthonormal wavelets: theory, implementations, and applications

A special class of orthonormal wavelets: theory, implementat...

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International conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Lixin Shen Jo Yew Tham Seng Luan Lee Hwee Huat Tan Wavelets Strategic Research Programme Department of Mathematics National University of Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)0780350413

This paper introduces a novel class of length-4N orthonormal scalar wavelets, and presents the theory, implementational issues, and their applications to image compression. We first give the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of this class. The parameterized representation of filters with different lengths are then given. Next, we derive new and efficient decomposition and reconstruction algorithms specifically tailored to this class of wavelets. We show that the proposed discrete wavelet transformations are orthogonal and have lower computational complexity than conventional octave-bandwidth transforms using Daubechies' (1989) orthogonal filters of equal length. In addition, we also verify that symmetric boundary extensions can be applied. Finally, our image compression results further confirm that improved performance can be achieved with lower computational cost.

关键词： image coding Discrete wavelet transforms Filter bank Mathematics Electronic mail Sufficient conditions Computational complexity Computational efficiency Rate-distortion Time domain analysis

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Gated viewing for target detection and target recognition 4

Gated viewing for target detection and target recognition

引用

conference on Laser Radar Technology and applications IV

作者： Steinvall, O Olsson, H Bolander, G Carlsson, C Letalick, D FOA Def Res Estab Dept Laser Syst SE-58111 Linkoping Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)0819431818

Gated viewing using short pulse lasers and fast cameras offers many new possibilities in imaging compared with passive EO imaging. Among these we note ranging capability, large target-to-background contrast also in low visibility, good penetration capability trough obscurants and vegetation as well as through shadows in buildings, cars etc. We also note that short wavelength laser systems have better angular resolution than long-wave infrared systems of the same aperture size. This gives an interesting potential of combined IR and laser systems for target detection and classification. Beside military applications civilian applications of gated viewing for search and rescue as well as vehicle enhanced vision and other applications are in progress. This presentation investigates the performance for gated viewing systems during different atmospheric conditions, including obscurants and gives examples of experimental data. The paper also deals with signal processing of gated viewing images for target detection. This is performed in two steps. First, image frames containing information of interest are found. In a second step those frames are investigated further to evaluate if man-made objects are present. In this step a sequence of images (video frames) are set up as a 3-D volume to incorporate spatial information. The object will then be detected using a set of quadrature filters operating on the volume.

关键词： range gating laser radar target detection target recognition image signal processing

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Meteosat image processing for short-term cloud tracking

Meteosat image processing for short-term cloud tracking

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conference on image and signal processing for Remote Sensing V

作者： Iscra, A Marchese, M Zappatore, S Univ Genoa Dept Commun Comp & Syst Sci DIST I-16145 Genoa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)0819434663

This work, carried out within the framework of probabilistic procedures for the assessment of the risk of flooding at the small area scale, is aimed at providing an algorithm for cloud tracking by using Meteosat infrared imagery for flash flood forecasting applications. The proposed algorithm is structured into two main steps: the first one extracts the regions of interest, i.e. the areas associated with high intensity rainfall probability, from the original raw Meteosat images (received every half an hour). The second step is dedicated to determine corresponding regions in a sequence of frames delivered by the satellite. The cloud motion parameters are estimated and predicted 1/2 hour and 1 hour ahead. Two predictions are given: the Single-step prediction, which forecasts the cloud position in the next image, and the Double-step one, which estimates the cloud evolution two images in advance. The algorithm efficiency is evaluated by using three different metrics: the average distance between the actual and the predicted position of the cloud center of mass;the average ratio of the center of mass prediction error and the 'equivalent' diameter of each cloud;a measure of the overlapping surfaces between the actual and the predicted image. Many tests have been performed on several real satellite sequences related to hazardous situations. The results obtained reveal the effectiveness of the tracking procedure for most of the cases taken into account, after a fine tuning of the parameters to which the algorithm is most sensitive.

关键词： image processing remote sensing cloud tracking

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Reconfigurable video tracker

Reconfigurable video tracker

引用

Acquisition, Tracking, and Pointing xIII conference

作者： Groves, GK White, SW Vahey, MD Harding, JA Raytheon Syst Co El Segundo CA 90245 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819431664

Reconfigurable computing using SRAM-based field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) can achieve significant (10x-100x) computational performance advantages over conventional programmable processors. Since FPGAs can be customized, reconfigurable computers can provide optimal logic-circuitry for distinct phases of an application resulting in superior performance compared to generic multi-purpose hardware implementations. This performance improvement can be accomplished by reallocating logic resources to address the critical task at-hand. Consequently, not only can reconfigurable processors provide higher performance than programmable processors;they also enable common module architectures useful for multiple applications or programs. In this paper, we will describe a fielded, ruggedized, fully programmable, single card, image-based tracking system using a reconfigurable computing module. The reconfigurable computing board contains multiple FPGAs, which can be customized at-request by loading configuration data from the host processor to the module over the Peripheral Component Interface (PCI) bus. Configurations can be selectively loaded to a specific FPGA or multiple configurations can be loaded simultaneously to different devices. This system provides multiple video tracking algorithms, automatic and manual target acquisition, RS-170 video input/output, and command/data I/O on a single 6U VME format card. While the initial application for this reconfigurable system was image-based target tracking, its hardware reconfigurability allows it to be applied to a wide variety of image and signal processing applications, such as automatic target recognition, infrared search and track, and image enhancement.

关键词： reconfigurable computing image-based target tracking image processing

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Architectures and algorithms for all-optical 3-D signal processing

Architectures and algorithms for all-optical 3-D signal proc...

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conference on Enabling Photonic Technologies for Aerospace applications

作者： Giglmayr, J Heinrich-Hertz-Institut fuer Nachrichtentechnik (Germany)

ISBN: (纸本)0819431885

All-optical signal processing by greater than or equal to 2-D lightwave circuits (LCs) is (i) aimed to allow the (later) inclusion of the frequency domain and is (ii) subject to photonic integration and thus the architectural and algorithmic framework has to be prepared carefully. Much work has been done in greater than or equal to 2-D algebraic system theory/modern control theory which has been applied in the electronic field of signal and image processing. For the application to modelling, analysis and design of the proposed 3-D lightwave circuits (LCs) some elements are needed to describe and evaluate the systems efficiently as the number of system states of 3-D LCs increases dramatically with regard to the number of i/o. Several problems, arising throughout such an attempt, are made transparent and solutions are proposed.

关键词： directional coupler Mach-Zehnder interferometer >= 2-D lightwave circuit backward coupled modes noncirculating delay line recirculating delay line feed-forward system feed-backward system z-transform transfer function matrix matrix algebra feedback

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High performance, VGA resolution digital color CMOS imager

High performance, VGA resolution digital color CMOS imager

引用

conference on Sensors, Cameras, and Systems for Scientific/Industrial applications

作者： Agwani, S Domer, S Rubacha, R Stanley, S Motorola Inc Chandler AZ USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819431206

This paper discusses the performance of a new VGA (640x480) resolution color CMOS imager developed by Motorola on a 0.5 mu m/3.3V CMOS process. This fully integrated, high performance imager has onchip timing, control, and analog signal processing chain for digital imaging applications. The picture elements are based on 7.8 mu m active CMOS pixels that use pinned photodiodes for higher quantum efficiency and low noise performance. The image processing engine includes a bank of programmable gain amplifiers, line rate clamping for dark offset removal, real time auto white balancing, per column gain and offset calibration, and a 10 bit pipelined RSD analog to digital converter with a programmable input range. Post ADC signal processing includes features such as bad pixel replacement based on user defined threshold levels, 10 to 8 bit companding and 5 tap FIR filtering. The sensor can be programmed via a standard (IC)-C-2 interface that runs on 3.3V clocks. Programmable features include variable frame rates using a constant frequency master clock, electronic exposure control, continuous or single frame capture, progressive or interlace scanning modes. Each pixel is individually addressable allowing region of interest imaging and image subsampling. The sensor operates with master clock frequencies of up to 13.5MHz resulting in 30FPS. A total programmable gain of 27dB is available. The sensor power dissipation is 400mW at full speed of operation. The low noise design yields a measured "system on a chip" dynamic range of 50dB thus giving over 8 true bits of resolution. Extremely high conversion gain results in an excellent peak sensitivity of 22V/mu J/cm(2) or 3.3V/lux-sec. This monolithic image capture and processing engine represents a complete imaging solution making it a true "camera on a chip". Yet in its operation it remains extremely easy to use requiring only one clock and a 3.3V power supply. Given the available features and performance levels, this sensor will be

关键词： Imaging systems Sensors Clocks image processing System on a chip Analog electronics signal processing image resolution Optical filters Quantum efficiency

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Adaptive background equalization and image processing applications for laser line scan data

Adaptive background equalization and image processing applic...

引用

Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets IV conference

作者： Nevis, A Coastal Syst Stn Panama City FL 32407 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819431842

A background equalization algorithm(1) was developed in 1996 to enhance fluctuating high/low signal strength regions found in laser line scan (LLS) data. This algorithm was very effective in enhancing low contrast objects obscured in low signal strength regions, and was developed to enhance data for quick and easy inspection of objects within the imagery. The background equalization algorithm is based on a least squares error estimate of the image background to correct local variations of the photon signal strengths, but uses all pixels in the image to estimate the background, including object pixels. The adaptive background equalization algorithm has modified the background equalization algorithm to exclude object pixels for a more accurate estimate of the image background This is accomplished by integrating a background mask into the background equalization routine that separates object pixels from background pixels. In addition to using the background mask far improved image enhancement, the background mask can also be used far object detection of discernible objects that stick out from the image background. The adaptive background equalization algorithm and its applications are discussed in this paper.

关键词： electro-optic laser line scan background equalization adaptive background equalization automated image enhancement contrast enhancement image enhancement

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Accurate geometrical model for airborne synthetic aperture radar

Accurate geometrical model for airborne synthetic aperture r...

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conference on SAR image Analysis, Modeling, and Techniques II

作者： Cantalloube, H Nahum, C ONERA F-91761 Palaiseau France

ISBN: (纸本)0819434647

The accurate knowledge of the geometry of an airborne SAR image is crucial for many applications: Repeat-pass SAR interferometry requires an accurate image matching to the 10(th) of a pixel, while less demanding applications such as wide area coverage by multi-pass composite or image geocoding tolerate mismatches of pixels. Compared to spaceborne SAR, those accuracy requirements are stronger for airborne SAR since they provide higher resolution. Moreover, irregularities in aircraft motion due to air turbulence introduce severe geometrical distortions in the images. Unfortunately, these distortions are tightly coupled with the signal processing algorithm used for computing SAR images. We have implemented a geometrical error model for our generic off-line SAR processor which provides an image distortion map. Derivatives with respect to errors in radar parameters and errors in aircraft trajectory measurements (velocity, altitude, oscillations) are also provided, thus allowing the efficient estimation of the errors from distortion measurements (tiepoints). The paper is illustrated with some relevant application examples.

关键词： airborne SAR geometrical distortion image matching registration

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Real-time image processing platform for the correction of x-ray detector related artifacts

Real-time image processing platform for the correction of X-...

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Medical Imaging 1999 conference

作者： Jung, N Gipp, T Jacobs, H Paul, H Philips Res Labs D-52066 Aachen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819431311

Novel detector systems based on large area thin film electronics have the potential for an excellent image quality. However, the raw images derived from such detectors show various artifacts that have to be removed in real-time before the image is visualized to the user. Hence, superior flexibility in the applicable algorithms, sufficient system performance scalability, and a short processing delay are the key factors for the choice of a well suited processing platform due to the nature of the artifacts and due to the requirements of the medical applications. Further the very rapid progress in the available processing hardware has to be taken into account. A system comprising multiple nodes of a modern digital signal processor family can properly fulfill the key demands: high processing performance, strong data handling, full programmability and a processor family roadmap linked to state-of-the-art chip technology. Architecture principles, implementation aspects and first results derived from our new demonstrator system based on the modern SHARC DSP family are presented. The given first generation of the multiprocessor system corrects the basic artifacts at pixel rates of 50 Mpixel/s in 32-bit floating point arithmetic at, a processing delay in the millisecond range.

关键词： dynamic x-ray imaging system all-solid-state x-ray detectors real-time image processing

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Denoising images using wavelet transform

Denoising images using wavelet transform

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IEEE Pacific Rim conference on Communications, Computers and signal processing

作者： D. Gunawan Electrical Engineering Department and Wavelets & Signal Processing Research Group University of Indonesia Indonesia

The wavelet transform has become a popular tool in many applications, including image processing, especially in removing noise from images. This paper presents a modified Donoho's (1995) thresholding for denoising images. The simulation results showed that modified thresholding is superior in terms of PSNR compared to Donoho's thresholding.

关键词： Noise reduction Wavelet transforms signal processing signal resolution signal analysis Fourier transforms Wavelet analysis Wavelet domain Frequency image processing

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