Some signalprocessingapplications require memory modules with very fast access along predefined scan patterns. If this requirement only holds for standard raster scan (imageprocessing) the simple solution of readin...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819418137
Some signalprocessingapplications require memory modules with very fast access along predefined scan patterns. If this requirement only holds for standard raster scan (imageprocessing) the simple solution of reading in parallel a number of slower memory chips and using a fast parallel to serial converter is enough. This paper focuses on the problems which appear when more different fast scans patterns are required. In this case the mapping of the data in the memory chips is analyzed by using a combinatorial theory setting. We prove that a mapping which allows two different predefined scan patterns does always exist. For more than two different predefined scans our formalism allows one to construct a mapping, if it does exist. The paper presents several examples with 2 and 4 scan patterns.
This paper develops a two-dimensional M-band translation-invariant wavelet transform (2-D MTI). Use of the MTI overcomes the shift-variance of the wavelet transform by applying a cost function over M shifts of the inp...
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This paper develops a two-dimensional M-band translation-invariant wavelet transform (2-D MTI). Use of the MTI overcomes the shift-variance of the wavelet transform by applying a cost function over M shifts of the input signal. The new transform is proven to be translation-invariant. Use of M-band wavelets enables a finer frequency partitioning and greater energy compaction in the transform representation. Examples are presented which show that the translation-invariant transforms provide superior energy concentration compared to the corresponding nominal wavelet transforms. Examples are also presented comparing the energy concentration capability of M-band wavelets and the modulated lapped transform (MLT). We explored the MTI as a tool for imageprocessing by using it to represent several different images.
Stand-alone digital signal processors (DSPs) support many on-chip functions and are highly optimized for the demands of high-speed computing. The problem associated with this functional optimization is that the increa...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819419710
Stand-alone digital signal processors (DSPs) support many on-chip functions and are highly optimized for the demands of high-speed computing. The problem associated with this functional optimization is that the increase in performance comes at the expense of flexibility. To make the DSP general purpose enough for a wide variety of applications, a custom ASIC must be used to achieve the desired performance. DSPs and ASICs are not able to easily adapt on-the-fly to different algorithms. Even DSPs that can do this don't match the high level of optimization provided by an ASIC. Recent developments in FPGA design tools enable system designers to develop in-system reconfigurable adaptive DSP hardware. Designed to exploit register rich, dynamically recongigurable field programmable gate arrays, high speed custom DSP functions can be created and implemented, resulting in significantly improved performance for compute-intensive applications, including graphics and imageprocessing, telecommunications, networking and instrumentation.
Methods for correcting scanned remote sensing images for distortions due to undesirable aircraft motion are presented. The methods are intended for correcting distortions due to yaw and roll of the aircraft during ima...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819418269
Methods for correcting scanned remote sensing images for distortions due to undesirable aircraft motion are presented. The methods are intended for correcting distortions due to yaw and roll of the aircraft during image acquisition. The aircraft motion is estimated by analyzing the distortion of the scanned image. The correction of the distorted image is then based on the estimated motion. The correction is based only on the distorted image itself, and there is no need for any additional side information. This makes the methods presented well suited for correction of existing data, but the methods can also be used in real time correction during image acquisition. The effectiveness of the correction methods is demonstrated by examples using both real data, and synthetic data with known distortions.
This paper describes MPEG2 video and audio coder and decoder boards and a set of dedicated codec chips which are the key components of these boards. MPEG2 is the international standard for moving picture coding algori...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780325109
This paper describes MPEG2 video and audio coder and decoder boards and a set of dedicated codec chips which are the key components of these boards. MPEG2 is the international standard for moving picture coding algorithms and is expected to be applied to various fields because of its high image quality. The design policy has been decided based on intensive investigations of potential applications and popularity of video communication. From this view point, it is very efficient and important to implement an MPEG2 codec system on a personal computer (PC) platform. Since a short delay is particularly important for real-time applications such as teleconferencing, SP@ML has been adopted. In this case, the number of coding operations is reduced, but our simulation results show that the picture quality is almost the same as that of MP@ML. Non-real-time operation is also made possible so that application to interactive editing of video sequences can be achieved. Moreover, a considerable amount of processing is reduced by a hierarchical search algorithm. A nonlinear pre-filter is used to remove the noise included in the input video signal. Our prototype boards have been designed as PC/AT extension boards. The typical frame size is 720/spl times/480 pixels, and its rate is 30 frame per second. The maximum bit rate of the compressed data is 15 Mbit/sec.
The design of a wavelet image coder can be divided into three parts: wavelet representation, quantization, and error-free encoding. We evaluate each of these parts individually and synthesize them into complete coders...
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The design of a wavelet image coder can be divided into three parts: wavelet representation, quantization, and error-free encoding. We evaluate each of these parts individually and synthesize them into complete coders. The evaluation is in the rate-distortion sense; two image quality metrics are used: a perception-based, quantitative picture quality scale (PQS) and the conventional distortion measure, peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). Two representative wavelets, three quantizers, three encoders, and some combinations of these parts are comparatively evaluated. Our results provide an insight into the design issues of optimizing wavelet coders, as well as a good reference for application developers to choose from an increasingly large family of wavelet coders for their applications.
This paper describes the algorithms needed to allow automatic recognition of components in three dimensions (3-D) using a novel active range sensor based on liquid crystal technology, which is programmed to project co...
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This paper describes the algorithms needed to allow automatic recognition of components in three dimensions (3-D) using a novel active range sensor based on liquid crystal technology, which is programmed to project coded lighting sequences onto a pallet of workpieces within a flexible manufacturing cell. A range map with up to 1200 x 1200 range points is constructed using a sequence of binary image captures from a single robot head camera. Calibration of the vision sensor head is achieved using a grid of black squares on a white mat placed on the pallet prior to on-line operation and accuracy of 0.33% in height measurement are achieved over a working area of 100 x 100 cm. The range data is processed on a digital signalprocessingimage analyser and construction solid geometry (CSG) surfaces are matched to the data sets to extract surface models of the components. The surface model is stored in an object database and used to recognise the position of workpieces in the robot coordinate frame.
Presents a fast algorithm for the computation of the wavelet transform in higher dimensional Euclidean space R/sup n/ with arbitrary shaped wavelets. The algorithm is a direct consequence of the convolution property o...
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Presents a fast algorithm for the computation of the wavelet transform in higher dimensional Euclidean space R/sup n/ with arbitrary shaped wavelets. The algorithm is a direct consequence of the convolution property of the Radon transform and shows significant improvement in speed. The authors also present a novel approach for the computation of the Daubechies type wavelet transform under the Radon transform domain where the n-dimensional multiresolution analysis (MRA) is reduced to one-dimensional MRA. They found applications of this approach on, for instance, multiresolution reconstruction of a tomographic image with the standard methods of denoising, where determination of wavelet coefficients is required under the Radon transform domain. Along with the possibility of reducing samples angularly with decreasing resolution, the efficiency can be further improved. Also, extra properties such as the "rotated" wavelet can be easily implemented with this algorithm.
The paper presents new approaches in the field of motion-compensated spatio-temporal filters applied to digital image sequences. In time-varying imagery, the temporal correlation information of pixel intensities is fo...
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The paper presents new approaches in the field of motion-compensated spatio-temporal filters applied to digital image sequences. In time-varying imagery, the temporal correlation information of pixel intensities is folded by motions which may originate from both camera and object displacements. Motion-compensated filters are defined as temporal filters applied along assumed motion trajectories. As a matter of fact, the paper deals with three-dimensional spatio-temporal filters and aims at generalizing the motion-compensated temporal filtering process as the product of two distinct operators. The first operator depends only on the estimated motion parameters derived from both motion-based image segmentations and parametric affine modelings of regions in motion. The second operator analyzes only the correlations of image-by-image intensities measured along the assumed motion trajectories. Multiresolution filters or wavelets may be consequently applied along the motion trajectories to produce optimum and adaptive resulting procedures for purposes like spatio-temporal prediction, interpolation and smoothing. In the paper, applications are provided to cover the field of image sequence coding and interpolation.
Some complex symmetric Daubechies wavelets provide a natural way to calculate zero-crossings because of a hidden "Laplacian operator" in the imaginary part of the scaling function. We propose a simple multis...
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Some complex symmetric Daubechies wavelets provide a natural way to calculate zero-crossings because of a hidden "Laplacian operator" in the imaginary part of the scaling function. We propose a simple multiscale sharpening enhancement algorithm based on this property. The algorithm is tested on low-contrast digitized mammograms.
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