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Self-timed Power-on Reset Circuit for Pseudo Dual/Two Port SRAM Used in Low-Voltage IoT applications 1

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25th IFIP WG 10.5/IEEE International conference on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI-SoC)

作者： Nautiyal, Vivek Gupta, Lalit Singla, Gaurav Dasani, Jitendra Dwivedi, Sagar Kinkade, Martin ARM Inc San Jose CA 95134 USA

ISBN: (数字)9783030156633

ISBN: (纸本)9783030156633;9783030156626

The purpose of the Power-on Reset (POR) circuit is to reset the latches and flip-flops in an SOC to a known state when the supply is ramping up. During power-up, supply is not stable, and the ramp-up time can vary depending on the applications. A common approach is to generate a POR signal by comparing the supply voltage with a reference voltage. Pseudo dual/two port memories are used in graphic applications where parallel computing is prime factor instead of performance. IoT applications comprise significant image and video processing for which these memories are used. Conventional SRAM does not need a POR circuit but pseudo dual/two port memory face functionality issues without a POR circuit. Low-power applications, like Internet of Things (IoT) devices, comprise of SRAM arrays, sensors, and logic operating at subthreshold or extremely low voltages. Conventional POR circuits also use a resistor divider circuit along with band gap reference. At these low operating voltages, generating a stable reference voltage is difficult because of band gap reference limitations and process variations. In this paper, we present multiple POR circuits that operates without using a reference voltage, making it robust against different sources of variation. First proposed circuit is self-timed, meaning the reset signal pulse-width varies according to the time needed to reset the latch. The designed circuit has been fabricated in 16 nm FinFET technology. Silicon validation shows that the proposed POR circuit works at a minimum supply voltage of 400 mv. Simulation verifies that the POR circuit is operational in sub-threshold region but is limited to 400 mV on silicon due to the operational voltage of additional testchip logic. Also, the POR circuit does not consume any dynamic power during normal operation of the SOC and has minimal area overhead of 21.3 mu m(2). Second proposed circuit is latch based self-feedback circuit which resolves limitations of the initial proposed circuit.

关键词： Power-on Reset (POR) Sub-threshold 16 nm FinFET Self timed, Internet of Things (IoT)

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Semi-Supervised Method for Determining the Maxillary and Mandibular Boundaries on Panoramic Radiographs 26

Semi-Supervised Method for Determining the Maxillary and Man...

引用

26th IEEE signal processing and Communications applications conference (SIU)

作者： Ulku, Berkay Kagan Yetik, Imam Samil Culhaoglu, Ahmet Kursad Orhan, Kaan Kilicarslan, Mehmet Ali TOBB Ekon & Teknol Univ Elekt Elekt Muhendisligi Ankara Turkey Kirikkale Univ Kirikkale Turkey Ankara Univ Ankara Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781538615010

x-ray imaging plays an important role in the detection and diagnosis of dental disorders that can not be detected with the eye. Examination, evaluation and accurate diagnosis of panoramic radiography images used in anomaly detection is a process requiring serious experience and expertise. In order to simplify this process and to increase accuracy, some studies have been carried out on both the imaging techniques and the development of the computer aided diagnosis systems by transferring these images to the digital medium. One of these studies is segmentation of various structures in dental x-ray images. In this study, instead of using random masks as initial inputs, we developed a special mask identification method for each image and gave the mask which is the output of this method as initial input to the segmentation algorithm to obtain more suitable elliptical forms closer to the actual(ground truth) results and to the maxillary and mandibular structures.

关键词： panaromic radiography dental x-ray spline interpolation segmentation

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image Super-Resolution based on multi-pairs of dictionaries via Patch Prior Guided Clustering 8

Image Super-Resolution based on multi-pairs of dictionaries ...

引用

8th International conference on image processing Theory, Tools and applications (IPTA)

作者： Mei, Dongfeng Zhu, xuan Yue, Cheng Cao, Qingwen Wang, Lei Zhang, Longfei Song, Qiheng Northwest Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538664285

image super-resolution based on learning dictionary has recently attracted enormous interests. The learning-based methods usually train a pair of dictionaries from low-resolution and high-resolution image patches, ignoring the fact that patches have different structures. In this paper, we propose to train a set of novel multi-pairs of dictionaries for different categories of patches which clustered by gaussian mixture model, instead of a global dictionary trained from all patches. The multi-pairs of dictionaries via patch prior guided clustering can express structure information of the image patches well. Extensive experimental results prove it has strong robustness in super resolution. Compared with state-of-the-art SR methods, our method demonstrates more pleasant quality of image edge structures and texture.

关键词： Super-resolution Multi-pairs of dictionaries Gaussian mixture model Sparse representation

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Is the transmission of depth data always necessary for 3D video streaming? 8

Is the transmission of depth data always necessary for 3D vi...

引用

8th International conference on image processing Theory, Tools and applications (IPTA)

作者： Yu, Li Hannuksela, Miska Tillo, Tammam Lin, Chunyu Gabbouj, Moncef Tampere Univ Technol Signal Proc Lab Tampere Finland Nokia Technol Tampere Finland Libera Univ Bolzano Bozen Fac Comp Sci Bolzano Italy Beijing Jiaotong Univ Inst Informat Sci Beijing 100044 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538664285

Depth data is of vital importance in the 3D video streaming, which allows the flexible rendering of views at arbitrary viewpoints. Given the importance of the depth data, the Multi-view Video plus Depth (MVD) format has been conventionally used. In the MVD format, the depth data is transmitted along with the texture data. In this work, we argue that the transmission of the depth data is not necessary in cases, when 1) the bandwidth is limited and 2) viewpoint switching is not frequent. We propose that the depth transmission could be replaced by a receiver-side unit that can estimate the depth from the received multi-view videos. This replacement does not only spare the bandwidth dedicated for the transmission of the depth, but also achieves a competitive rate-distortion performance with the MVD method.

关键词： Depth map Depth/Disparity estimation Multi-view video Stereo video Free-viewpoint Neural network

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Verification of the accuracy of a partial breast imaging simulation framework for virtual clinical trial applications

Verification of the accuracy of a partial breast imaging sim...

引用

conference on Medical Imaging - Physics of Medical Imaging

作者： Vancoillie, L. Marshall, N. W. Cockmartin, L. Vignero, J. Bosmans, H. Katholieke Univ Leuven Dept Imaging & Pathol Div Med Phys & Qual Assessment Herestr 49 B-3000 Leuven Belgium UZ Leuven Dept Radiol Herestr 49 B-3000 Leuven Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781510625440

Aim: The impact of x-ray system parameters on detectability of specific (clinical) signals can be studied with simulation platforms if these tools are sufficiently accurate and realistic. This work describes the steps taken to verify and confirm the accuracy of a local platform developed for the use in virtual clinical trials of breast tomosynthesis. The (gold standard) reference data will be made available to the community Materials and methods: Our simulation platform simulates specific targets, including microcalcifications into existing 2D FFDM and DBT background images, a method called partial simulation. There are three steps: (1) creation of a voxel model or 3D analytical object to be inserted into the 'For processing' projections;(2) generation of a realistic object template for the geometry under study and the relevant resolution, scatter and noise properties;(3) insertion of the target into the projections and DBT reconstruction plus image processing. Three objects were simulated as part of the verification: a small high contrast 0.5 mm aluminum (Al) sphere in a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PM MA) stack, a 0.2 mm thick Al sheet in a PMMA stack and a 0.8 mm steel edge. For the small Al sphere, the peak contrast, the signal difference to noise ratio (SDNR), the profile in the (in plane) xy-direction and the artifact spread function (ASF) were compared to results from real acquisitions. Contrast and SDNR were compared to data from a real 0.2 mm Al sheet. Sharpness modelling was verified by comparing the modulation transfer function (MTF) calculated from real and simulated edges. The study was performed for a Siemens Inspiration DBT system. Results: Comparing peak contrast and SDNR for both sphere and sheet showed good agreement (<5% error) in 2D FFDM and DBT. The similarity of the pixel value profiles through the sphere and the sheet in the xy-direction and the ASF for real and simulated Al spheres confirmed accurate geometric modelling. Absolute and relative a

关键词： Breast imaging simulation framework digital breast tomosynthesis virtual clinical trial

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Consideration on application of the concept of Saak transform to convolutional neural networks

Consideration on application of the concept of Saak transfor...

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Asia-Pacific signal and Information processing Association Annual Summit and conference (APSIPA)

作者： Tomonori Maeda Kiyoshi Nishikawa Tokyo Metropolitan University Hino-shi Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781728132488

ISBN: (纸本)9781728132495

In this paper, we consider applying the concept of Saak (Subspace approximation with augmented kernels) transform to the convolutional neural networks (CNNs). In CNNs, the activation function known as ReLU (Rectified linear unit) is widely used for image or signal processing applications, e.g., image classification, image super resolution, etc. Activation functions including ReLU discards negative values of the input to achieve nonlinear input-output relations. In CNNs, therefore, ReLU discards negative values of filter outputs although those negative values may have equal importance as positive values in image processing. The Saak transform is proposed to utilize the information carried by the negative values. In this paper, we consider the CNN architectures to utilize the concept of Saak transform by introducing a modified ReLU which discards positive values. Then we show that we can construct several CNN architectures based on the concept of Saak and the modified ReLU. To see the possibility of the proposed architecture, we apply them to the image classification and consider the validity from the results.

关键词： Transforms Correlation Computer architecture Kernel Merging Convolutional neural networks signal processing

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A spatial domain secret image embedding technique with image authentication feature

A spatial domain secret image embedding technique with image...

引用

Asia-Pacific signal and Information processing Association Annual Summit and conference (APSIPA)

作者： S.K. Felix Yu Zi-xin xu Yuk-Hee Chan Pak-Kong Lun The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong HKSAR Chengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu China

ISBN: (数字)9781728132488

ISBN: (纸本)9781728132495

In practical applications, it is required to provide a means to authenticate an information-embedded image such that its integrity can be guaranteed. However, conventional studies generally consider image hiding and image authentication as two different tasks. When both are required, the secret image and a fragile watermark are separately embedded into a cover image. In this paper, to address this issue, we propose a spatial domain image embedding scheme that can embed rich pictorial information and fragile watermark simultaneously into a cover image with the same technique to reduce the complexity and improve the efficiency.

关键词： image color analysis Watermarking Color image reconstruction Gray-scale Colored noise image coding

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Hyperspetral Anomaly Detection Incorporating Spatial Information 8

Hyperspetral Anomaly Detection Incorporating Spatial Informa...

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8th International conference on image processing Theory, Tools and applications (IPTA)

作者： Ju, Huihui Liu, Zhigang Wang, Yang Inst Xian Hitech Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538664285

Most anomaly detection methods for hyperspectral image (HSI) have focused on the spectral information while ignoring the spatial information. In this paper, a novel anomaly detection method has been proposed in which the spatial information has been incorporated. Firstly, the dual windows are established to estimate the background of pixel under test (PUT). Secondly, the spectral distance is calculated between PUT and its background to measure its spectral anomaly degree. Then, the principal component analysis is performed on HSI and the spatial anomaly degree of PUT is measured on the first component by comparing the spatial structure similarity between PUT and its background. Lastly, combining the spectral anomaly degree and the spatial anomaly degree, the anomaly degree of PUT is obtained. Experimental results on two hyperspectral datasets confirm the proposed method is superior to three commonly used state-of-the-art anomaly detection methods in suppressing the background and detecting anomalies and is also quite robust to noise.

关键词： Hyperspectral image Anomaly detection Spectral information Spatial information Principal component analysis

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image classification based on log-Euclidean Fisher Vectors for covariance matrix descriptors 8

Image classification based on log-Euclidean Fisher Vectors f...

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8th International conference on image processing Theory, Tools and applications (IPTA)

作者： Akodad, Sara Bombrun, Lionel Yaacoub, Charles Berthoumieu, Yannick Germain, Christian Univ Bordeaux Lab IMS CNRS UMR 5218 351 Cours Liberat F-33400 Talence France Holy Spirit Univ Kaslik USEK Fac Engn POB 446 Jounieh Lebanon

ISBN: (纸本)9781538664285

This paper introduces an image classification method based on the encoding of a set of covariance matrices. This encoding relies on Fisher vectors adapted to the log-Euclidean metric: the log-Euclidean Fisher vectors (LE FV). This approach is next extended to full local Gaussian descriptors composed by a set of local mean vectors and local covariance matrices. For that, the local Gaussian model is transformed to a zero-mean Gaussian model with an augmented covariance matrix. All these approaches are used to encode handcrafted or deep learning features. Finally, they are applied in a remote sensing application on the UC Merced dataset which consists in classifying land cover images. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to evaluate the potential of the proposed LE FV.

关键词： Fisher vector vector of locally aggregated descriptors log-Euclidean metric covariance matrices SIFT descriptors deep neural network classification

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Interval-valued JPEG decompression for artifact suppression 8

Interval-valued JPEG decompression for artifact suppression

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8th International conference on image processing Theory, Tools and applications (IPTA)

作者： Itier, Vincent Kucharczak, Florentin Strauss, Olivier Puech, William Univ Montpellier LIRMM CNRS Montpellier France Siemens Healthineers St Denis Reunion France

ISBN: (纸本)9781538664285

JPEG is the most used image compression algorithm but block wise DCT compression methods produce artifacts due to coefficient quantization. JPEG decompression can be seen as a reconstruction problem constrained by quantization. In this context, we propose to handle this problem by using interval-valued arithmetic. Our method allows to produce interval-valued image that includes the non-compressed original image. The produced convex set allows to apply constrained Total Variation (TV) reconstruction in order to reduce JPEG artifacts (blocking, grainy effects and high frequency noise). Experiments show visual improvement of JPEG decoding assessed by non-reference quality metric. In addition, the stopping criterion of the TV algorithm is given by this metric which provides evidence about JPEG decompression improvement.

关键词： JPEG decompression interval-valued arithmetic JPEG artifact removing image reconstruction image selection

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