Child obesity is a public health problem that is of concern of several countries around the world. Long-term effects of child obesity include prevalence of chronic diseases, such as diabetes and heart-related illnesse...
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Emerging data that track the dynamics of large populations bring new potential for understanding human decision-making in a complexworld and supporting better decision-making through the integration of continued part...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728132839
Emerging data that track the dynamics of large populations bring new potential for understanding human decision-making in a complexworld and supporting better decision-making through the integration of continued partial observations about dynamics. However, existing models have difficulty with capturing the complex, diverse, evolving, and partially unknown dynamics in social networks, and with inferring system state from isolated observations about a tiny fraction of the individuals in the system. To solve real-world problems with a huge number of agents and system states and complicated agent interactions, we propose a stochastic kinetic model that captures complex decision-making and system dynamics using atomic events that are individually simple but together exhibit complex behaviors. As an example, we show how this model offers significantly better results for city-scale multi-objective driver route planning in significantly less time than models based on deep neural networks or co-evolution.
Many complex construction schedules are still being planned nowadays with deterministic project schedule tools such as MS Project, with deterministic estimates, lack of focus on event conflicts and no queuing estimate...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479939503;9781479920778
Many complex construction schedules are still being planned nowadays with deterministic project schedule tools such as MS Project, with deterministic estimates, lack of focus on event conflicts and no queuing estimates. This paper presents a discrete-event simulation approach for a soil replacement project of great importance to the Brazilian government. This was part of the expansion work at GRU Airport, the greatest and most important of the country, and was being carried by the Brazilian Army. The airport should be ready for the increasing demand expected for world Cup in 2014 and Olympics in 2016. The study started with the original deterministic schedule, and considered several external factors, like traffic, rain seasons and providers capacity. After evaluating many scenarios and identifying some bottlenecks, the best scenario was found, with a due date sooner than initially planned.
Westfield Insurance is undertaking a replacement of its legacy claims system. They had several business process and staffing changes they were considering;however, they had no way to test their options prior to implem...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479939503;9781479920778
Westfield Insurance is undertaking a replacement of its legacy claims system. They had several business process and staffing changes they were considering;however, they had no way to test their options prior to implementation. After successfully simulating the First Notification of Loss (FNOL) to adjuster assignment process, Westfield decided to append the rest of the claims process. This resulted in an end-to-end claims process simulation, including adjudication, settlement, litigation, salvage, subrogation claims and fraud. The process, results, and lessons learned are discussed.
Textbooks sometimes describe building models, running experiments, analyzing outputs, and implementing results as distinct activities in a simulation project. This paper demonstrates advantages of combining these acti...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479939503;9781479920778
Textbooks sometimes describe building models, running experiments, analyzing outputs, and implementing results as distinct activities in a simulation project. This paper demonstrates advantages of combining these activities in the context of system performance optimization. simulation optimization algorithms can be improved by exploiting the ability to observe and change literally anything at any time while a simulation is running. It is also not necessary to stop simulating candidates for the optimal system before starting to simulate others. The ability to observe and change many concurrently running simulated systems considerably expands the possibilities for designing simulation experiments. Examples are presented for a range of simulation optimization algorithms including randomized search, directional search, pattern search, and agent-based particle swarm optimization.
Although verification and validation have been studied for modeling and simulation for many decades, we do not yet have a quantitative measure of the level of validation performed on a simulation model. Validation is ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479939503;9781479920778
Although verification and validation have been studied for modeling and simulation for many decades, we do not yet have a quantitative measure of the level of validation performed on a simulation model. Validation is especially important as it determines whether or not the results from the simulation model can be trusted and used to make statements about the studied system. We propose a validation coverage metric to quantify the validation performed on a simulation model based on the possible validation that could be performed on it. This metric takes into account the aspects of the simulation model that should be validated. To show how such a metric could be utilized, we propose a version of the metric specific to agent-based models, and analyze three example models. We find that the coverage metric can be used to quantify validation on a variety of simulation models.
Trade-offs between simulation speed, fidelity, compatibility, and scalability limits the use of accurate high-resolution simulators in the automotive industry. With a growing demand for fuel-efficient and environmenta...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479939503;9781479920778
Trade-offs between simulation speed, fidelity, compatibility, and scalability limits the use of accurate high-resolution simulators in the automotive industry. With a growing demand for fuel-efficient and environmentally friendly vehicles, the need for precise co-simulation of entire vehicle is greater than ever before. In this paper we present a technique for distributed discrete event co-simulation that exploits parallel computing and distributed simulation with an advanced synchronization technique to overcome all of these constraints. The system allows us to add new components with their own solvers to a simulation without compromising the solution accuracy or simulation speed.
Westfield Insurance operates a call center that handles billing and claims calls. The call center has resources dedicated to each call type and hybrid resources that can handle both call types. The use of hybrid resou...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479939503;9781479920778
Westfield Insurance operates a call center that handles billing and claims calls. The call center has resources dedicated to each call type and hybrid resources that can handle both call types. The use of hybrid resources makes it challenging to predict what impact a staffing change will have on service level metrics. This paper documents the approach, lessons learned, and business impacts of modeling the call center with a discrete event simulation. It also provides a method for using queues and resource sets to model hybrid resources.
Modeling and simulation tools are used to assist decision-makers to predict essential parameters such as completion duration and productivity rate of construction operations. Two approaches are used, process simulatio...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479939503;9781479920778
Modeling and simulation tools are used to assist decision-makers to predict essential parameters such as completion duration and productivity rate of construction operations. Two approaches are used, process simulation and system simulation. The first compute parameters based on processes interaction while the second focuses on the complex relationship among project components and their impacts. This paper presents an assessment to simulated project completion duration and productivity rate under traditional Discrete Event simulation (DES) and modified traditional simulation technique. The evaluation is based on a simulated real case study. The process elements of the case were simulated using (DES) while system elements were simulated using System Dynamics (SD). A significant difference in productivity rate and duration was noticed between the base DES model and the impacted model. The argument presented about the credibility of simulation model outcomes highlight the pitfalls of simulation models and the measures that should be endorsed.
Discrete event simulation models define a state transition system, using some form of transition rules, or transition functions. In this paper we propose an ontological account of transition rules based on disposition...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479939503;9781479920778
Discrete event simulation models define a state transition system, using some form of transition rules, or transition functions. In this paper we propose an ontological account of transition rules based on dispositions and causal laws. This account extends our previous presentation of DESO, a foundational ontology of objects and events for discrete event simulation modeling. We also show how the ontological concepts of dispositions and causal laws provide a semantics for the concept of transition rules in conceptual simulation modeling languages corresponding to transition functions in simulation languages.
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