目的:了解贵州省某高校药事管理专业本科生对本专业的认同度,为学科专业的发展提供一定的参考。方法:通过问卷调查法,了解贵州省某高校药事管理专业在校生及毕业生对本专业的认同度,共发放问卷320份,有效回收266份,有效回收率为83.13%。结果:该校药事管理专业本科生在专业认知、专业行为、专业情感、专业目标四个维度获得的平均值为3.53 ± 0.84、3.41 ± 0.88、3.16 ± 1.11、3.11 ± 0.93,专业认同度总平均值为3.23 ± 0.96,性别、年龄在专业认同方面上存在明显差异(p Objective: To understand the recognition of undergraduates majoring in pharmaceutical management in a university in Guizhou Province with this major, so as to provide a certain reference for the development of the discipline. Method: Using the questionnaire survey method, to understand the recognition of the undergraduates and graduates of a university in Guizhou Province majoring in pharmaceutical management, a total of 320 questionnaires were distributed, and 266 were effectively recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 83.13%. Result: The average values obtained by undergraduates majoring in pharmaceutical management in the four dimensions of professional cognition, professional behavior, professional emotion, and professional goals were 3.53 ± 0.84, 3.41 ± 0.88, 3.16 ± 1.11, and 3.11 ± 0.93. The overall average value of professional recognition was 3.23 ± 0.96, There were significant differences in professional identity between gender and age (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The university’s undergraduates majoring in pharmaceutical management have a medium level of professional identity, and it can further enhance students’ professional identity and promote professional development by strengthening school-enterprise cooperation, encouraging students to think independently, and strengthening professional publicity.
边界层参数化方案中湍流混合对数值模拟起着重要的作用,湍流混合作用的恰当描述对于温度、湿度、风场以及降水的准确模拟至关重要。我国长江中下游流域人口密集,暴雨灾害频发,很有必要寻找一种适合该地区降水模拟的边界层参数化方案。本文运用WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)中尺度数值模式,以QNSE(Quasi-Normal Scale Elimination)边界层参数化方案为基础,将其中湍流混合长度尺度系数调整为可变参数。本文将Noh et al.(2003)提出的Prandtl公式与Janji?提出的修正湍流长度尺度系数的方法相结合,通过考虑非局地项的强迫、地表稳定度与边界层高度对湍流长度尺度系数的影响,强调大气的动力结构特征与热力结构特征对湍流混合的共同影响,从而提高QNSE边界层参数化方案在不同地理环境下的模拟能力。文章通过进行长江中下游地区的典型暴雨试验,将调整参数后的QNSE方案与原方案进行比较,重点分析调整参数后的方案与原方案对关键基本气象要素场、边界层结构特征以及降水的模拟能力,并将模拟结果与观测结果进行对比,结果表明:调整参数后的方案一定程度上改进了地表温度、边界层结构以及降水的模拟效果。进一步研究表明,调整参数后的方案主要通过改变边界层混合缓解水汽混合比、位温模拟方面的误差。
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