The debate of assembly time between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks has aroused the disputation on the formation mechanism of Jiangnan orogen, South China. Therefore widespread magmatism of 830-750 Ma in South China ...
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The debate of assembly time between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks has aroused the disputation on the formation mechanism of Jiangnan orogen, South China. Therefore widespread magmatism of 830-750 Ma in South China is interpreted as the product of either plume or arc magmatism, which results in distinctive depositional background in the Neoproterozoic. Granite gravel located at the unconformity between the Banxi Group and Fanjingshan Group of the western Jiangnan orogen was collected, which gave a new age limit to the deposition of the Banxi Group and Nanhu rift. Zircons from the granite gravel crystallized yield a weighted mean 2~6pb/238U age of 789~11 Ma, which probably represents the end of the Jiangnan orogeny and marks the onset of Nanhua rift. These zircons have negative εHf(t) of -2.1 to -6.0, with TDM of 1.38-1.52 Ga and Tcrust of 1.81-1.98 Ga indicating an old continental crust origin for the granite.
Fifteen sandstone samples taken from pre-Cretaceous strata of the Yangtze Block are analysed to constrain the evolution of the South China Block, especially the assembly between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. The r...
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Fifteen sandstone samples taken from pre-Cretaceous strata of the Yangtze Block are analysed to constrain the evolution of the South China Block, especially the assembly between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. The results show that the maximum depositional age of the Neoproterozoic Lengjiaxi Group adjacent to the Cathaysia Block is c. 830 Ma, differing from that of the Kunyang and Dahongshan groups (> 960 Ma) on the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block. The detrital zircons from Palaeozoic samples from the Yangtze Block have similar age populations to those in the Cathaysia Block, and they may originate from the Cathaysia Block according to palaeogeographic, palaeocurrent and former research data. The detrital zircons of Middle-Upper Jurassic sandstones in the southwestern and central Yangtze Block yield dominant age populations at 2.0-1.7 Ga and subordinate groups of 2.6-2.4 Ga, 0.8-0.7 Ga and 0.6-0.4 Ga. The Upper Triassic strata may be derived from the southern Yangtze and North China blocks due to the collisions between the Indosina, South China and North China blocks, whereas the Jurassic sediments may be partly derived from uplift and erosion of the Jiangnan Orogen due to an intracontinental orogeny induced by Pacific subduction towards the Eurasia Plate. The detrital age spectra and provenance data for basement in the South China Block are analysed and compared with each other. The South China Block has affinity with Australia not only in the Columbia supercontinent but also in the Rodinia supercontinent. We infer the existence of an ancient orogen under the western Jiangnan Orogen, which may have occurred during the Columbia age, earlier than the Sibao orogeny. This is supported by seismic profile proof from the SinoProbe.
BACKGROUND: The use of power ultrasound as a pretreatment to enhance the hydrolysis of milk protein concentrate (MPC) and subsequent angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity has been studied. Liquid chr...
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BACKGROUND: The use of power ultrasound as a pretreatment to enhance the hydrolysis of milk protein concentrate (MPC) and subsequent angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity has been studied. Liquid chromatography was used to analyse peptide profiles of Neutrase-derived MPC hydrolysates after pretreatment at 0, 1, 3, 5 and 8 min at an ultrasound power level of 800 W. RESULTS: The peptide profiles indicated an increase in number of peptides when ultrasound pretreatment was applied. There was also an increase in the degree of hydrolysis of MPC hydrolysates. The profiles indicated that new small peptides in ultrasound pretreated samples (1-5 min) which were not present in the control samples and 8 min pretreated samples, could be responsible for increased ACE inhibitory activity. These small peptides were digested in the 8 min pretreated samples. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound pretreatment of MPC increases the ACE inhibitory activity of the hydrolysates because of the production of new small peptides. This can be used as a means to derive potent ACE inhibitory peptides at industrial scale in complex protein sources. (C) 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
基于杭氧承担的国内煤制芳烃10×104 t/a项目中的合成气深冷分离制L N G成套装置为背景,研发出一种带膨胀机的液化工艺。利用高压氮气通过透平膨胀机绝热膨胀的循环制冷提供大部分冷量,并利用双塔低温精馏实现合成气的分离与LNG...
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基于杭氧承担的国内煤制芳烃10×104 t/a项目中的合成气深冷分离制L N G成套装置为背景,研发出一种带膨胀机的液化工艺。利用高压氮气通过透平膨胀机绝热膨胀的循环制冷提供大部分冷量,并利用双塔低温精馏实现合成气的分离与LNG的液化,气体在膨胀机中膨胀降温的同时,能够输出功并用于驱动增压机。该工艺相对于混合冷剂工艺来说,具有整体紧凑、占地面积小、冷剂消耗少(约89%)、综合运行成本较低、安全性高、启动时间短以及适应在70%~110%的变负荷工况下运行等特点,充分实现了从工艺到设备国产化的目标。
A batch mode, pilot-scale process, involving ultrasound pretreatment (USP), enzymolysis, membrane filtration and drying was investigated for the production of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and antioxi...
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A batch mode, pilot-scale process, involving ultrasound pretreatment (USP), enzymolysis, membrane filtration and drying was investigated for the production of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and antioxidative peptides from milk protein concentrate (MPC). The MPC solutions (2% or 5% protein) were hydrolyzed for 2 h with Neutrase at enzyme-to-substrate ratio of 1:50 (w/w) in 50 L batches after USP for 4 min at 800 W Ultrafiltration (8 and 3.5 kDa membranes) and nanofiltration (0.2 kDa membrane) were done to produce 4 fractions (F1, >8 kDa;F2, 3.5-8 kDa;F3, 0.2-3.5 kDa;and F4, <0.2 kDa). Analyses showed that large amounts of ACE inhibitory peptides were recovered by the 3.5 kDa membrane and concentrated by nanofiltration making F3 ideal for ACE inhibition (IC50 = 0.096 +/- 0.010 mg mL(-1)) while antioxidative peptides were abundant in F2 with bioactivity not affected by drying method. Initial substrate concentration had no significant effect (P <0.05) on bioactivity. Furthermore, permeation fluxes were high when a low protein concentration was used. Ultrafiltration achieved peptide rejections rates in the range of 24.0-33.7% and reached 89.6% during nanofiltration. The results indicate that membrane filtration can separate ACE inhibitory and antioxidative peptides in complex protein hydrolysates. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
This work investigated the impact of power ultrasound (PUS) pretreatment on the physical and functional properties of reconstituted milk protein concentrate (MPC) 80. Ultrafiltered/diafiltered (UF/DF) milk protein ret...
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This work investigated the impact of power ultrasound (PUS) pretreatment on the physical and functional properties of reconstituted milk protein concentrate (MPC) 80. Ultrafiltered/diafiltered (UF/DF) milk protein retentates were treated with PUS (12.50 +/- 0.31 W and 50% amplitude) for 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 min prior to spray drying. Results revealed that the particle size (D50) reduced from 28.45 mu m to 0.13 mu m after 0.5 min of sonication. Solubility increased significantly from 35.78% to 88.30% after 5 min of PUS pre-treatment. Moreover, the emulsifying activity index (EAI) of MPC samples increased significantly as the time of ultrasonic treatment was prolonged. Additionally, the emulsion stability index (ESI) initially increased after ultrasound treatment for 1 min. Surface hydrophobicity was greatly increased with more hydrophobic groups exposed to the environment. PUS pre-treatment also promoted an increase in the storage modulus (G') of the MPC solutions. Viscosity significantly decreased after PUS pre-treatment. This result was confirmed by the microstructure of the powder, with small particles formed and trapped in dents of large particles. However, sodium-dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed no significant change in protein molecular weight. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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