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Global, regional, and national burden of spinal cord injury, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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LANCET NEUROLOGY 2023年第11期22卷 1026-1047页

作者： Safdarian, Mahdi Trinka, Eugen Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa Thomschewski, Aljoscha Aali, Amirali Abady, Gdiom Gebreheat Abate, Semagn Mekonnen Abd-Allah, Foad Abedi, Aidin Adane, Denberu Eshetie Afzal, Saira Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmed, Haroon Amanat, Nasir Angappan, Dhanalakshmi Arabloo, Jalal Aryannejad, Armin Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Atreya, Alok Azadnajafabad, Sina Azzam, Ahmed Y. Babamohamadi, Hassan Banik, Palash Chandra Bardhan, Mainak Bashiri, Azadeh Berhie, Alemshet Yirga Bhat, Ajay Nagesh Brown, Julie Champs, Ana Paula Charalampous, Periklis Chukwu, Isaac Sunday Coberly, Kaleb dadras, omid Yada, Dereje Y. Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dessalegn, Fikadu Nugusu Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu Dhingra, Sameer Diao, Nancy Diaz, Daniel Dibas, Mahmoud Dongarwar, Deepa Dsouza, Haneil Larson Ekholuenetale, Michael El Nahas, Nevine Elhadi, Muhammed Eskandarieh, Sharareh Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis Fares, Jawad Fatehizadeh, Ali Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad Fischer, Florian Franklin, Richard Charles Garg, Tushar Getachew, Melaku Ghaffarpasand, Fariborz Gholamrezanezhad, Ali Mesgarha, Milad Gholizadeh Ghozy, Sherief Golechha, Mahaveer Goleij, Pouya Graham, Simon Matthew Gupta, Vivek Kumar Haagsma, Juanita A. Hamidi, Samer Harlianto, Netanja I. Harorani, Mehdi Hasanian, Mohammad Hassan, Amr Hassen, Mohammed Bheser Hoveidaei, Amir Human Iravanpour, Farideh Irilouzadian, Rana Iwu, Chidozie C. D. Jacob, Louis Jaja, Chinwe Juliana Joseph, Nitin Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy Kadashetti, Vidya Kandel, Amit Kantar, Rami S. Karaye, Ibraheem M. Karkhah, Samad Khader, Yousef Saleh Khan, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Jobair Kashani, Hamid Reza Khayat Khonji, Mohammad Saeid Khormali, Moein Kim, Grace Krishnamoorthy, Vijay Kumaran, Senthil D. Malekpour, Mohammad-Reza Meretoja, Tuomo J. Mesregah, Mohamed Kamal Mestrovic, Tomislav de Sa, Ana Carolina Micheletti Gomide Nogueira Mirahmadi, Alireza Mirghaderi, Seyed Peyman Mirza, Moonis Misganaw, Awoke Misra, Sanjeev Mohammad, Yousef Mohammadi, Esmaeil Mokdad, Al Paracelsus Med Univ Christian Doppler Univ Hosp Dept Neurol Ctr Cognit Neurosci A-5020 Salzburg Austria Paracelsus Med Univ Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regenerat Ctr SCI TRe Salzburg Austria Paracelsus Med Univ Christian Doppler Univ Hosp Neurosci Inst Ctr Cognit Neurosci Salzburg Austria Karl Landsteiner Inst Neurorehabil & Space Neurol Salzburg Austria UMIT Univ Hlth Sci Med Informat & Technol Dept Publ Hlth Hlth Serv Res & Hlth Technol Asses Hall In Tirol Austria Univ Tehran Med Sci Sina Trauma & Surg Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Expt Med Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Multiple Sclerosis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Students Sci Res Ctr SSRC Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Fac Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sch Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Neurol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sina Trauma & Surg Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Pediat Allergy & Immunol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Tehran Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Fac Med Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Neurosci Dept Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Adigrat Univ Dept Nursing Adigrat Ethiopia Dilla Univ Dept Anesthesiol Addis Ababa Ethiopia Cairo Univ Dept Neurol Cairo Egypt Univ Southern Calif Dept Neurosurg Los Angeles CA 90007 USA Univ Southern Calif Keck Sch Med Los Angeles CA 90007 USA Univ Southern Calif Dept Radiol Los Angeles CA 90007 USA Debre Tabor Univ Dept Anesthesia & Crit Care Debre Tabor Ethiopia King Edward Mem Hosp Dept Community Med Lahore Pakistan Publ Hlth Inst Dept Publ Hlth Lahore Pakistan Univ Technol Sydney Sch Publ Hlth Sydney NSW Australia Abasyn Univ Dept Hlth & Biol Sci Peshawar Pakistan COMSATS Inst Informat Technol Dept Biosci Islamabad Pakistan Semnan Univ Med Sci & Hlth Serv Nursing Care Res Ctr Semnan Iran Semnan Univ Med Sci & Hlth Serv Dept Nursing Semnan Iran Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ Dept Chil

Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major cause of health loss due to premature mortality and long-term disability. We aimed to report on the global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years of life lived with disability (YLDs) for SCI from 1990 to 2019, using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Methods Using GBD 2019 data pooled in DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, we systematically derived numbers and age-standardised rate changes with 95% uncertainty intervals (95% UIs) for the incidence, prevalence, and YLDs for SCI from 1990 to 2019 for the whole world, 21 GBD regions, and 204 countries and territories. We report trends based on age, sex, year, cause of injury, and level of injury. Findings Globally, 20 center dot 6 million (95% UI 18 center dot 9 to 23 center dot 6) individuals were living with SCI in 2019. The incidence of SCI was 0 center dot 9 million (0 center dot 7 to 1 center dot 2) cases with an estimated 6 center dot 2 million (4 center dot 5 to 8 center dot 2) YLDs. SCI rates increased substantially from 1990 to 2019 for global prevalence (81 center dot 5%, 74 center dot 2 to 87 center dot 1), incidence (52 center dot 7%, 30 center dot 3 to 69 center dot 8), and YLDs (65 center dot 4%, 56 center dot 3 to 76 center dot 0). However, global age-standardised rates per 100 000 population showed small changes in prevalence (5 center dot 8%, 2 center dot 6 to 9 center dot 5), incidence (-6 center dot 1%, -17 center dot 2 to 1 center dot 5), and YLDs (-1 center dot 5%, -5 center dot 5 to 3 center dot 2). Data for 2019 shows that the incidence of SCI increases sharply until age 15-19 years, where it remains reasonably constant until 85 years of age and older. By contrast, prevalence and YLDs showed similar patterns to each other, with one peak at around age 45-54 years. The incidence, prevalence, and YLDs of SCI have consistently been higher in men than in women globally, with

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Considerable variation among Iranian dermatologists in the knowledge and attitudes regarding the use of biologic agents to manage psoriasis^,

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International Journal of Women's Dermatology 2019年第5期5卷 356-360页

作者： Almasi-Nasrabadi, Mina Robati, Reza M. Zargari, omid Shahidi-dadras, Mohammad Skin Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Dermatology Loghman Hakim Hospital Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

Background: Many international guidelines have been introduced with the aim of helping clinicians by providing evidence-based advice for the prescription of biologic therapies in psoriasis. Because no local or regional guideline is available, the treatment of psoriasis with biologics is mainly based on clinical experiences regarding the international guideline among Iranian dermatologists. Objective: To assess the knowledge and attitudes among Iranian specialists regarding the use of biologic agents to manage psoriasis. Methods: Data were collected using an electronic questionnaire specifically designed for this study based on a review of the literature. The designed Google form consisted of 53 multiple choice questions divided into five sections. Results: A total of 111 dermatologists agreed to participate in this study. There was considerable variation among the responding dermatologists in terms of their knowledge and attitudes toward biologics. There were some significant associations between knowledge and attitudes of dermatologists toward biologics and their personal and professional characteristics. Conclusions: More comprehensive educational approaches, both in the dermatology residency and postgraduation periods, could be very beneficial to promote the knowledge and attitude of the dermatologist in treating psoriasis with biologic agents. This study could be one of the first steps to develop a country-based or a region-based plan to improve the knowledge and attitude among dermatologists regarding the use of biologic drugs in psoriasis and possibly to reach a better status to prescribe these agents in the management of psoriasis. © 2019

关键词： Anti-TNF drugs Attitude Biologic therapies Knowledge Psoriasis Treatment

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Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by glaucoma: A meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020

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EYE 2024年第11期38卷 2036-2046页

作者： Bourne, Rupert R. A. Jonas, Jost B. Friedman, David Nangia, Vinay Bron, Alain Tapply, Ian Fernandes, Arthur G. Cicinelli, Maria Vittoria Arrigo, Alessandro Leveziel, Nicolas Resnikoff, Serge Taylor, Hugh R. Sedighi, Tabassom Bikbov, Mukkharram M. Braithwaite, Tasanee Cheng, Ching-Yu Congdon, Nathan Del Monte, Monte A. Ehrlich, Joshua R. Fricke, Tim Furtado, Joao M. Gazzard, Gus George, Ronnie Hartnett, M. Elizabeth Kahloun, Rim Kempen, John H. Khairallah, Moncef Khanna, Rohit C. Kim, Judy E. Lansingh, Van Charles Leasher, Janet Naidoo, Kovin S. Nowak, Michal Pesudovs, Konrad Peto, Tunde Ramulu, Pradeep Topouzis, Fotis Tsilimbaris, Mitiadis Wang, Ya Xing Wang, Ningli Flaxman, Seth Casson, Robert James Friedman, David S. Bron, Alain M. Briant, Paul Svitil Vos, Theo Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abate, Melsew Dagne Dolatabadi, Zahra Abbasi Abdollahi, Mozhan Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Aburuz, Salahdein Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Aghamiri, Shahin Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Danish Ahmadieh, Hamid Ahmadzadeh, Hooman Ahmed, Ayman Alfaar, Ahmad Samir Alinia, Cyrus Almidani, Louay Amu, Hubert Androudi, Sofia Anil, Abhishek Arabloo, Jalal Areda, Damelash Ashraf, Tahira Bagherieh, Sara Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin Baran, Mehmet Firat Barrow, Amadou Bashiri, Azadeh Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew Bazvand, Fatemeh Berhie, Alemshet Yirga Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh Bikbov, Mukharram Birck, Marina G. Bitra, Veera R. Bozic, Marija M. Braithwaite, Tasanee Burkart, Katrin Bustanji, Yasser Butt, Zahid A. Cenderadewi, Muthia Chattu, Vijay Kumar Coberly, Kaleb dadras, omid Dai, Xiaochen Dascalu, Ana Maria Dastiridou, Anna Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan Dhimal, Meghnath Diaz, Daniel Thao Huynh Phuong Do Thanh Chi Do Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian Ehrlich, Joshua R. Ekholuenetale, Michael Elhadi, Muhammed Emamian, Mohammad Hassan Emamverdi, Mehdi Farrokhpour, Hossein Fetensa, Getahun Fischer, Florian Forouhari, Ali Fowobaje, Kayode Raphael Furtado, Joao M. Gandhi, Aravind P. Gebregergis, Miglas W. W. Garcia Goulart, Barb Anglia Ruskin Univ Vis & Eye Res Inst Cambridge England Heidelberg Univ Med Fac Mannheim Dept Ophthalmol Heidelberg Germany Harvard Med Sch Massachusetts Eye & Ear Boston MA 02115 USA Suraj Eye Inst 559 New Colony Nagpur Maharashtra India Univ Hosp Dijon France Addenbrookes Hosp Cambridge England Fed Univ Sao Paolo Sao Paulo SP Brazil Univ Calgary Calgary AB Canada Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele Sch Med Milan Italy IRCCS San Raffaele Sci Inst Dept Ophthalmol Milan Italy Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele Sci Inst San Raffaele Hosp Milan Italy Univ Poitiers Poitiers France CHU Poitiers Poitiers France Brien Holden Vis Inst Sydney NSW Australia Univ New South Wales Sch Optometry & Vis Sci Fac Med Sydney NSW Australia Univ Melbourne Sch Populat & Global Hlth Carlton Vic Australia Ufa Eye Res Inst Ufa Russia Kings Coll London Sch Life Course & Populat Sci London England Guys & St Thomas NHS Fdn Trust Med Eye Unit London England Natl Univ Singapore Singapore Singapore Singapore Eye Res Inst Singapore Singapore Queens Univ Belfast Belfast Antrim North Ireland Orbis Int New York NY USA Sun Yat Sen Univ Zhongshan Ophthalm Ctr Guangzhou Peoples R China Univ Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Kellogg Eye Ctr Ann Arbor MI USA Univ Michigan Inst Social Res Ann Arbor MI USA Univ Michigan Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Australian Coll Optometry Melbourne Vic Australia Univ Melbourne Melbourne Vic Australia UNSW Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Univ Sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto Med Sch Sao Paulo Brazil UCL Inst Ophthalmol London England NIHR Biomed Res Ctr London England Sankara Nethralaya Med Res Fdn Chennai Tamil Nadu India Stanford Univ Stanford CA 94305 USA Assoc Ophthalmologists Monastir Monastir Tunisia Harvard Univ Dept Ophthalmol Boston MA 02115 USA MyungSung Med Coll Eye Unit Addis Ababa Ethiopia Addis Ababa Univ Dept Ophthalmol Addis Ababa Ethiopia Sight Souls Bellevue WA USA Univ Monastir Fattouma Bo

OBJECTIVES: To estimate global and regional trends from 2000 to 2020 of the number of persons visually impaired by glaucoma and their proportion of the total number of vision-impaired individuals. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis of published population studies and grey literature from 2000 to 2020 was carried out to estimate global and regional trends in number of people with vision loss due to glaucoma. Moderate or severe vision loss (MSVI) was defined as visual acuity of 6/60 or better but <6/18 (moderate) and visual acuity of 3/60 or better but <6/60 (severe vision loss). Blindness was defined as presenting visual acuity <3/60. RESULTS: Globally, in 2020, 3.61 million people were blind and nearly 4.14 million were visually impaired by glaucoma. Glaucoma accounted for 8.39% (95% uncertainty intervals [UIs]: 6.54, 10.29) of all blindness and 1.41% (95% UI: 1.10, 1.75) of all MSVI. Regionally, the highest proportion of blindness relating to glaucoma was found in high-income countries (26.12% [95% UI: 20.72, 32.09]), while the region with the highest age-standardized prevalence of glaucoma-related blindness and MSVI was Sub-Saharan Africa. Between 2000 and 2020, global age-standardized prevalence of glaucoma-related blindness among adults >= 50 years decreased by 26.06% among males (95% UI: 25.87, 26.24), and by 21.75% among females (95% UI: 21.54, 21.96), while MSVI due to glaucoma increased by 3.7% among males (95% UI: 3.42, 3.98), and by 7.3% in females (95% UI: 7.01, 7.59). CONCLUSIONS: Within the last two decades, glaucoma has remained a major cause of blindness globally and regionally.

关键词： Epidemiology Optic nerve diseases

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Global, regional, and national sex differences in the global burden of tuberculosis by HIV status, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022年第2期22卷 222-241页

作者： Ledesma, Jorge R. Ma, Jianing Vongpradith, Avina Maddison, Emilie R. Novotney, Amanda Biehl, Molly H. LeGrand, Kate E. Ross, Jennifer M. Jahagirdar, Deepa Bryazka, Dana Feldman, Rachel Abolhassani, Hassan Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Saira Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad Ahmadi, Sepideh Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Salih, Yusra Ahmed Aklilu, Addis Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Alemayehu, Yosef Alene, Kefyalew Addis Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali, Liaqat Alipour, Vahid Alizade, Hesam Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amini, Saeed Amit, Arianna Maever L. Anderson, Jason A. Androudi, Sofia Antonio, Carl Abelardo T. Antony, Catherine M. Anwer, Razique Arabloo, Jalal Arja, Asrat Asemahagn, Mulusew A. Atre, Sachin R. Azhar, Gulrez Shah Darshan, B. B. Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din Baig, Atif Amin Banach, Maciej Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat Barra, Fabio Barrow, Amadou Basu, Sanjay Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bijani, Ali Bikbov, Boris Boloor, Archith Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Buonsenso, Danilo Nagaraja, Sharath Burugina Butt, Zahid A. Carter, Austin Carvalho, Felix Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Christopher, Devasahayam J. Chu, Dinh-Toi Claassens, Mareli M. dadras, omid Dagnew, Amare Belachew Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz Darwesh, Aso Mohammad Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Linh Phuong Doan Eftekharzadeh, Sahar Elhadi, Muhammed Emami, Amir Enany, Shymaa Faraon, Emerito Jose A. Farzadfar, Farshad Fernandes, Eduarda Desideri, Lorenzo Ferro Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Foroutan, Masoud Frank, Tahvi D. Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L. Garcia-Calavaro, Christian Garg, Tushar Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle Ghadiri, Keyghobad Ghashghaee, Ahmad Golechha, Mahaveer Goodridge, Amador Gupta, Bhawna Gupta, Sapna Gupta, Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Global Hlth Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Med Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Hlth Metr Sci Seattle WA 98195 USA World Hlth Org WHO Div Data Analyt & Delivery Impact Geneva Switzerland Karolinska Univ Hosp Dept Lab Med Huddinge Sweden Univ Tehran Med Sci Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Digest Dis Res Inst Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Metabol & Genom Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sina Trauma & Surg Res Ctr Tehran Iran Debre Berhan Univ Dept Publ Hlth Debre Brehan Ethiopia Univ Sharjah Dept Clin Sci Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Clin Sci Dept Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Coll Hosp Coll Med Ibadan Nigeria Karya Husada Inst Hlth Sci Dept Midwifery Kediri Indonesia Auckland Univ Technol Dept Midwifery Auckland New Zealand King Edward Mem Hosp Dept Community Med Lahore Pakistan Publ Hlth Inst Dept Publ Hlth Lahore Pakistan Univ Technol Sydney Australian Ctr Publ & Populat Hlth Res ACPPHR Sydney NSW Australia Fdn Univ Islamabad Fdn Univ Med Coll Islamabad Pakistan Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Sch Adv Technol Med Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Dept Epidemiol Tehran Iran Univ Kurdistan Hewler Dept Comp Sci & Engn Erbil Iraq Sulaimani Polytech Univ Database Technol Dept Sulaymaniyah Iraq Sulaimani Polytech Univ Coll Informat Sulaymaniyah Iraq Arba Minch Univ Dept Med Lab Sci Arba Minch Ethiopia Arba Minch Univ Dept Midwifery Arba Minch Ethiopia Arba Minch Univ Dept Biomed Sci Arba Minch Ethiopia Intercountry Ctr Oral Hlth ICOH Africa Dept Publ Hlth Jos Nigeria Fed Minist Hlth Dept Publ Hlth Garki Nigeria Hamad Med Corp Geriatr & Long Term Care Dept Doha Qatar Hamad Med Corp Rumailah Hosp Doha Qatar Mayo Clin Fdn Med Educ & Res Mayo Evidence Based Practice Ctr Rochester MN USA Curtin Univ Fac Hlth Sci P

Background Tuberculosis is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, causing more than a million deaths annually. Given an emphasis on equity in access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in global health targets, evaluations of differences in tuberculosis burden by sex are crucial. We aimed to assess the levels and trends of the global burden of tuberculosis, with an emphasis on investigating differences in sex by HIV status for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Methods We used a Bayesian hierarchical Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) platform to analyse 21 505 site-years of vital registration data, 705 site-years of verbal autopsy data, 825 site-years of sample-based vital registration data, and 680 site-years of mortality surveillance data to estimate mortality due to tuberculosis among HIV-negative individuals. We used a population attributable fraction approach to estimate mortality related to HIV and tuberculosis coinfection. A compartmental meta-regression tool (DisMod-MR 2.1) was then used to synthesise all available data sources, including prevalence surveys, annual case notifications, population-based tuberculin surveys, and tuberculosis cause-specific mortality, to produce estimates of incidence, prevalence, and mortality that were internally consistent. We further estimated the fraction of tuberculosis mortality that is attributable to independent effects of risk factors, including smoking, alcohol use, and diabetes, for HIV-negative individuals. For individuals with HIV and tuberculosis coinfection, we assessed mortality attributable to HIV risk factors including unsafe sex, intimate partner violence (only estimated among females), and injection drug use. We present 95% uncertainty intervals for all estimates. Findings Globally, in 2019, among HIV-negative individuals, there were 1.18 million (95% uncertainty interval 1.08-1.29) deaths due to tuberculosis and 8.50 million (7.45-9.73) incident cases of tuberculosis. A

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Changing life expectancy in European countries 1990–2021: a subanalysis of causes and risk factors from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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The Lancet Public Health 2025年第3期10卷 e172-e188页

作者： Steel, Nicholas Bauer-Staeb, Clarissa Maria Mercedes Ford, John A. Abbafati, Cristiana Abdalla, Mohammed Altigani Abdelkader, Atef Abdi, Parsa Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Abiodun, Olugbenga Olusola Abolhassani, Hassan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abukhadijah, Hana J. Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Addo, Isaac Yeboah Addolorato, Giovanni Adekanmbi, Victor Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther Agardh, Emilie E. Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahmad, Danish Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Syed Anees Akinosoglou, Karolina Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed Al Awaidy, Salah Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz Al Zaabi, Omar Ali Mohammed Aldridge, Robert W. Algammal, Abdelazeem M. Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed Ali, Abid Ali, Mohammed Usman Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Waad Alicandro, Gianfranco Alif, Sheikh Mohammad Al-Jumaily, Adel Allebeck, Peter Alrawashdeh, Ahmad Al-Rifai, Rami H. Alsabri, Mohammed A. Alshahrani, Najim Z. Aluh, Deborah Oyine Al-Wardat, Mohammad Al-Zyoud, Walid A. Amiri, Sohrab Anderlini, Deanna Andrei, Catalina Liliana Anil, Abhishek Anvari, Saeid Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Aquilano, Michele Arabloo, Jalal Arafat, Mosab Areda, Demelash Aremu, Abdulfatai Armani, Keivan Armocida, Benedetta Ärnlöv, Johan Asaduzzaman, Muhammad Astell-Burt, Thomas Aujayeb, Avinash Ausloos, Marcel Azadnajafabad, Sina Aziz, Shahkaar Azzam, Ahmed Y. Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah Badache, Andreea Corina Badiye, Ashish D. Bahramian, Saeed Baig, Atif Amin Baker, Jennifer L. Bansal, Hansi Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barone, Mark Thomaz Ugliara Barrow, Amadou Barteit, Sandra Bashir, Shahid Bashiru, Hameed Akande Basso, João Diogo Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi Basu, Sanjay Batra, Kavita Bauckneht, Matteo Baune, Bernhard T. Beghi, Massimiliano Beiranvand, Maryam Béjot, Yannick Bell, Michelle L. Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja Belo, Luis Beloukas, Apostolos Beneke, Alice A. Bettencourt, Paulo J.G. Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhala, Neeraj Bhaskar, Sonu Bisulli, Francesca Bjørge, Tone Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan Carvajal, Alejandro Botero Bouaoud, Souad Brayne, Carol Brenner, H Department of Primary Care and Public Health University of East Anglia Norwich United Kingdom Office for Health Improvement and Disparities Department of Health and Social Care London United Kingdom Department of Legal and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Rome Italy Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull United Kingdom Department of Mathematics and Sciences Ajman University Ajman United Arab Emirates Department of Medicine Memorial University St. John's NL Canada Postgraduate Department University of Sierra Sur Miahuatlan de Porfirio Diaz Mexico Yhteiskuntadatatieteen keskus (Centre for Social Data Science) Helsinki Finland Department of Internal Medicine Federal Medical Centre Abuja Nigeria Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics Karolinska Institutet (Karolinska Institute) Stockholm Sweden Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy University of Jordan Amman Jordan Medical Research Center Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Alfaisal University Riyadh Saudi Arabia College of Graduate Health Sciences University of Tennessee Memphis TN United States School of Medicine Sydney NSW Australia Centre for Social Research in Health University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia Internal Medicine and Alcohol Related Disease Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Università Cattolica di Roma (Catholic University of Rome) Rome Italy Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX United States Department of Biochemistry Osun State University Osogbo Nigeria Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Medical Sciences Ondo Ondo Nigeria Department of Veteri

Background: Decades of steady improvements in life expectancy in Europe slowed down from around 2011, well before the COVID-19 pandemic, for reasons which remain disputed. We aimed to assess how changes in risk factors and cause-specific death rates in different European countries related to changes in life expectancy in those countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We used data and methods from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 to compare changes in life expectancy at birth, causes of death, and population exposure to risk factors in 16 European Economic Area countries (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden) and the four UK nations (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales) for three time periods: 1990–2011, 2011–19, and 2019–21. Changes in life expectancy and causes of death were estimated with an established life expectancy cause-specific decomposition method, and compared with summary exposure values of risk factors for the major causes of death influencing life expectancy. Findings: All countries showed mean annual improvements in life expectancy in both 1990–2011 (overall mean 0·23 years [95% uncertainty interval [UI] 0·23 to 0·24]) and 2011–19 (overall mean 0·15 years [0·13 to 0·16]). The rate of improvement was lower in 2011–19 than in 1990–2011 in all countries except for Norway, where the mean annual increase in life expectancy rose from 0·21 years (95% UI 0·20 to 0·22) in 1990–2011 to 0·23 years (0·21 to 0·26) in 2011–19 (difference of 0·03 years). In other countries, the difference in mean annual improvement between these periods ranged from –0·01 years in Iceland (0·19 years [95% UI 0·16 to 0·21] vs 0·18 years [0·09 to 0·26]), to –0·18 years in England (0·25 years [0·24 to 0·25] vs 0·07 years [0·06 to 0·08]). In 2019–21, there was an overall decrease in mean annual life expectancy a

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Global, regional, and national burden of pulmonary arterial hypertension, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2025年第1期13卷 69-79页

作者： Leary, Peter J. Lindstrom, Megan Johnson, Catherine O. Emmons-Bell, Sophia Rich, Stuart Corris, Paul A. DuBrock, Hilary M. Ventetuolo, Corey E. Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abdelmasseh, Michael Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abualruz, Hasan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Aburuz, Salahdein Adamu, Lawan Hassan Adao, Rui Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi Adzigbli, Leticia Akua Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Firdos Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed, Syed Anees Akhlaghi, Shiva Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed Al Awaidy, Salah Alalalmeh, Samer O. Albakri, Almaza Aldawsari, Khalifah A. Almahmeed, Wael Alshahrani, Najim Z. Altaf, Awais Aly, Hany Alzoubi, Karem H. Al-Zyoud, Walid Adnan Amani, Reza Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi Andrei, Catalina Liliana Anwar, Saleha Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Areda, Demelash Asmerom, Haftu Asmerom Aujayeb, Avinash Azzam, Ahmed Y. Babu, Abraham Samuel Bagherieh, Sara Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi Batra, Kavita Bayleyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew Behnoush, Amir Hossein Bhalla, Jaideep Singh Bhaskar, Sonu Bhat, Vivek Bitaraf, Saeid Bitra, Veera R. Boloor, Archith Braithwaite, Dejana Brauer, Michael Bulto, Lemma N. Bustanji, Yasser Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chi, Gerald Chichagi, Fatemeh Chong, Bryan Chowdhury, Rajiv Cindi, Zinhle Cruz-Martins, Natalia Dadana, Sriharsha dadras, omid Dahiru, Tukur Dai, Xiaochen Dashtkoohi, Mohadese DeAngelo, Sean Debopadhaya, Shayom Demessa, Berecha Hundessa Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai Dhulipala, Vishal R. Diaz, Michael J. Diress, Mengistie Thanh Chi Do Thao Huynh Phuong Do Khanh Duy Doan dos Santos, Wendel Mombaque Doshi, Rajkumar Prakashbhai Dowou, Robert Kokou Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian Elhadi, Muhammed Etaee, Farshid Fabin, Natalia Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis Faris, Pawan Sirwan Feyisa, Bikila Regassa Rodrigues, Celia Fortuna Gandhi, Aravind P. Ganiyani, Mohammad Arfat Gela, Yibeltal Yismaw Getie, Molla Jolfayi, Amir Ghaffari Ghasemzadeh, Afsaneh Goldust, Mohamad Golechha, Mahaveer Guan, Shi-Y Univ Washington Sch Med Dept Med Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Sch Med Dept Epidemiol Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Sch Publ Hlth Dept Med Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Sch Publ Hlth Dept Epidemiol Seattle WA 98195 USA

Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a vascular disease characterised by restricted flow and high pressure through the pulmonary arteries, leading to progressive right heart failure and death. This study reports the global burden of PAH, leveraging all available data and using methodology of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) to understand the epidemiology of this under-researched and morbid disease. Methods Prior to the current effort, the burden of PAH was included in GBD as a non-specific contributor to "other cardiovascular and circulatory disease" burden. In this study, PAH was distinguished as its own cause of death and disability in GBD, producing comparable and consistent estimates of PAH burden. We used epidemiological and vital registry data to estimate the non-fatal and fatal burden of PAH in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021 using standard GBD modelling approaches. We specifically focused on PAH (group 1 pulmonary hypertension), and did not include pulmonary hypertension groups 2-5. Findings In 2021, there were an estimated 192 000 ( 95% uncertainty interval [UI] 155 000-236 000) prevalent cases of PAH globally. Of these, 119 000 (95 900-146 000) were in females (62%) and 73 100 (58 900- 89 600) in males (38%). The age-standardised prevalence was 228 cases per 100 000 population (95% UI 185-280). Prevalence increased with age such that the highest prevalence was among individuals aged 75- 79 years. In 2021, there were 22 000 deaths (18 200-25 400) attributed to PAH globally, with an age-standardised mortality rate of 027 deaths from PAH per 100 000 population (023-032). The burden of disease appears to be improving over time (382% improvement in age-standardised years of life lost [YLLs] in 2021 relative to 1990). YLLs attributed to PAH were similar to estimates for conditions such as chronic myeloid leukaemia, multiple sclerosis, and Crohn's disease. Interpretation PAH is a rare but fatal d

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Global, regional, and national prevalence and mortality burden of sickle cell disease, 2000-2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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LANCET HAEMATOLOGY 2023年第8期10卷 E585-E599页

作者： Thomson, Azalea M. McHugh, Theresa A. Oron, Assaf P. Teply, Corey Lonberg, Nikhil Tella, Victor M. Vilchis Wilner, Lauren B. Fuller, Kia Hagins, Hailey Aboagye, Richard Gyan Aboye, Melka Biratu Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Addo, Isaac Yeboah Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Aqeel AlRyalat, Saif Aldeen S. Amu, Hubert Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Arulappan, Judie Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Badiye, Ashish D. Bagherieh, Sara Banach, Maciej Banakar, Morteza Bardhan, Mainak Barrow, Amadou Bedane, Deriba Abera Bensenor, Isabela M. Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Prarthna, V Bhat, Ajay Nagesh Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bilalaga, Mariah Malak Bishai, Jessica Devin Bitaraf, Saeid Boloor, Archith Butt, Muhammad Hammad Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chu, Dinh-Toi dadras, omid Dai, Xiaochen Danaei, Bardia Dang, Anh Kim Demisse, Fitsum Wolde Dhimal, Meghnath Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Dongarwar, Deepa Elhadi, Muhammed Elmonem, Mohamed A. Esezobor, Christopher Imokhuede Etaee, Farshid Eyawo, Oghenowede Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis Fatehizadeh, Ali Force, Lisa M. Gardner, William M. Ghaffari, Kazem Gill, Paramjit Singh Golechha, Mahaveer Goleij, Pouya Gupta, Vivek Kumar Hasani, Hamidreza Hassan, Treska S. Hassen, Mohammed Bheser Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel Ikiroma, Adalia I. Iwu, Chidozie C. D. James, Peter Bai Jayaram, Shubha Jebai, Rime Jha, Ravi Prakash Joseph, Nitin Kalantar, Farnaz Kandel, Himal Karaye, Ibraheem M. Kassahun, Woldeteklehaymanot Dagne Khan, Imteyaz A. Khanmohammadi, Shaghayegh Kisa, Adnan Kompani, Farzad Krishan, Kewal Landires, Ivan Lim, Stephen S. Mahajan, Preetam Bhalchandra Mahjoub, Soleiman Majeed, Azeem Marasini, Bishnu P. Meresa, Haftu Asmerom Mestrovic, Tomislav Minhas, Sonica Misganaw, Awoke Mokdad, Ali H. Monasta, Lorenzo Mustafa, Ghulam Nair, Tapas Sadasivan Swamy, Sreenivas Narasimha Nassereldine, Hasan Natto, Zuhair S. Naveed, Muhammad Nayak, Biswa Prakash Noubiap, Jean Jacques Noyes, Taylor Nri-ezedi, Chisom Adaobi Nwatah, Vincent Ebuka Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet Okon Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Appl Math Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Sch Med Dept Hlth Metr Sci Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Div Pediat Hematol Oncol Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Dept Family & Community Hlth Ho Ghana Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Dept Populat & Behav Sci Ho Ghana Jimma Univ Dept Anesthesia Jimma Ethiopia Jimma Univ Dept Biomed Sci Jimma Ethiopia Univ Sharjah Dept Clin Sci Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Res Inst Med & Hlth Sci Sharjah U Arab Emirates Alfaisal Univ Dept Surg Dept Obstet & Gynecol Dept Med Riyadh Saudi Arabia Univ Tennessee Coll Grad Hlth Sci Memphis TN USA Univ New South Wales Ctr Social Res Hlth Sydney NSW Australia Canc Inst New South Wales Qual & Syst Performance Unit Sydney NSW Australia Univ Technol Sydney Sch Publ Hlth Sydney NSW Australia Shaqra Univ Dept Med Biochem Shaqra Saudi Arabia Shaqra Univ Dept Pediat Shaqra Saudi Arabia Univ Jordan Dept Special Surg Amman Jordan Sultan Qaboos Univ Dept Maternal & Child Hlth Muscat Oman Philadelphia Univ Fac Nursing Amman Jordan Govt Inst Forens Sci Dept Forens Sci Nagpur Maharashtra India Isfahan Univ Med Sci Sch Med Esfahan Iran Isfahan Univ Med Sci Dept Environm Hlth Engn Esfahan Iran Med Univ Lodz Dept Hypertens Lodz Poland Polish Mothers Mem Hosp Res Inst Lodz Poland Univ Tehran Med Sci Dent Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sch Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Childrens Med Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Fac Med Tehran Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Ctr Hlth Policy Res Shiraz Iran Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis Mol Microbiol & Bacteriol Kolkata India Indian Council Med Res Dept Mol Microbiol New Delhi India Univ Gambia Dept Publ & Environm Hlth Brikama Gambia Minist Hlth Epidemiol & Dis Control Unit Kotu Gambi

Background Previous global analyses, with known underdiagnosis and single cause per death attribution systems, provide only a small insight into the suspected high population health effect of sickle cell disease. Completed as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021, this study delivers a comprehensive global assessment of prevalence of sickle cell disease and mortality burden by age and sex for 204 countries and territories from 2000 to 2021. Methods We estimated cause-specific sickle cell disease mortality using standardised GBD approaches, in which each death is assigned to a single underlying cause, to estimate mortality rates from the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-coded vital registration, surveillance, and verbal autopsy data. In parallel, our goal was to estimate a more accurate account of sickle cell disease health burden using four types of epidemiological data on sickle cell disease: birth incidence, age-specific prevalence, with-condition mortality (total deaths), and excess mortality (excess deaths). Systematic reviews, supplemented with ICD-coded hospital discharge and insurance claims data, informed this modelling approach. We employed DisMod-MR 2.1 to triangulate between these measures-borrowing strength from predictive covariates and across age, time, and geography-and generated internally consistent estimates of incidence, prevalence, and mortality for three distinct genotypes of sickle cell disease: homozygous sickle cell disease and severe sickle cell 13-thalassaemia, sickle-haemoglobin C disease, and mild sickle cell 13-thalassaemia. Summing the three models yielded final estimates of incidence at birth, prevalence by age and sex, and total sickle cell disease mortality, the latter of which was compared directly against cause-specific mortality estimates to evaluate differences in mortality burden assessment and implications for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Findings Between 2

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Global, regional, and national age-specific progress towards the 2020 milestones of the WHO End TB Strategy: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024年第7期24卷 698-725页

作者： Ledesma, Jorge R. Ma, Jianing Zhang, Meixin Basting, Ann V. L. Huong Thi Chu Vongpradith, Avina Novotney, Amanda LeGrand, Kate E. Xu, Yvonne Yiru Dai, Xiaochen Nicholson, Sneha Ingle Stafford, Lauryn K. Carter, Austin Ross, Jennifer M. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abdoun, Meriem Abdulah, Deldar Morad Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abrha, Woldu Aberhe Ali, Hiwa Abubaker Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Aburuz, Salahdein Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adepoju, Abiola Victor Adhikari, Kishor Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adra, Saryia Afework, Abel Aghamiri, Shahin Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Danish Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed, Mohammed Ahmed, Ayman Akinosoglou, Karolina AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali Alam, Nazmul Albashtawy, Mohammed AlBataineh, Mohammad T. Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed Ali, Abid Ali, Endale Alemayehu Ali, Liaqat Ali, Zahid Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait Allel, Kasim Altaf, Awais Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J. Amani, Reza Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi Amzat, Jimoh Andrews, Jason R. Anil, Abhishek Anwer, Razique Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Areda, Damelash Artamonov, Anton A. Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo Asemahagn, Mulusew A. Atre, Sachin R. Aujayeb, Avinash Azadi, Davood Azadnajafabad, Sina Azzam, Ahmed Y. Badar, Muhammad Badiye, Ashish D. Bagherieh, Sara Bahadorikhalili, Saeed Baig, Atif Amin Banach, Maciej Banik, Biswajit Bardhan, Mainak Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat Basharat, Zarrin Baskaran, Pritish Basu, Saurav Beiranvand, Maryam Belete, Melaku Ashagrie Belew, Makda Abate Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal Beloukas, Apostolos Bettencourt, Paulo J. G. Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhargava, Ashish Bhat, Vivek Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur Bikbov, Boris Bitra, Veera R. Bjegovic-Mikanovic, Vesna Buonsenso, Danilo Burkart, Katrin Bustanji, Yasser Butt, Zahid A. Camargos, Paulo Cao, Yu Carr, Sinclair Carvalho, Felix Cegolon, Luca Cenderadewi, Muthia Cevik, Muge Chahine, Yaacoub Chattu, Vijay Kumar Ching, Patrick R. Chopra, Hitesh C Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Sch Med Dept Hlth Metr Sci Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Global Hlth Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Med Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Appl Math Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Internal Med Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Cardiol Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Div Allergy & Infect Dis Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA Ohio State Univ Ctr Biostat Columbus OH 43210 USA Univ Tehran Med Sci Adv Diagnost & Intervent Radiol Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Ophthalmol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Ctr Res & Training Skin Dis & Leprosy Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Pediat Cardiol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Fac Med Tehran Iran Univ Setif Algeria Dept Med Setif Algeria Univ Duhok Community & Matern Nursing Unit Duhok Iraq Univ Duhok Dept Internal Med Duhok Iraq Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Dept Family & Community Hlth Ho Ghana Karolinska Inst Dept Med Biochem & Biophys Stockholm Sweden Aksum Univ Dept Adult Hlth Nursing Aksum Ethiopia Aksum Univ Dept Biomed Sci Aksum Ethiopia Univ Human Dev Dept Banking & Finance Sulaymaniyah Iraq Univ Human Dev Dept Informat Technol Sulaymaniyah Iraq Univ Human Dev Dept Comp Sci Sulaymaniyah Iraq Univ Sharjah Dept Clin Sci Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Dept Basic Biomed Sci Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Coll Med Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Sharjah Inst Med Sci Sharjah U Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates Univ Dept Therapeut Al Ain U Arab Emirates Univ Jordan Coll Pharm Amman Jordan Univ New South Wales Ctr Social Res Hlth Sydney NSW Australia Canc Inst NSW Qual & Syst Performance Unit Sydney NSW Australia Jhpiego HIV & Infect Dis Dept Abuja Nigeria Adolescent Friendly Res In

Background Global evaluations of the progress towards the WHO End TB Strategy 2020 interim milestones on mortality (35% reduction) and incidence (20% reduction) have not been age specific. We aimed to assess global, regional, and national-level burdens of and trends in tuberculosis and its risk factors across five separate age groups, from 1990 to 2021, and to report on age-specific progress between 2015 and 2020. Methods We used the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 (GBD 2021) analytical framework to compute age-specific tuberculosis mortality and incidence estimates for 204 countries and territories (1990-2021 inclusive). We quantified tuberculosis mortality among individuals without HIV co-infection using 22 603 site-years of vital registration data, 1718 site-years of verbal autopsy data, 825 site-years of sample-based vital registration data, 680 site-years of mortality surveillance data, and 9 site-years of minimally invasive tissue sample (MITS) diagnoses data as inputs into the Cause of Death Ensemble modelling platform. Age-specific HIV and tuberculosis deaths were established with a population attributable fraction approach. We analysed all available population-based data sources, including prevalence surveys, annual case notifications, tuberculin surveys, and tuberculosis mortality, in DisMod-MR 2.1 to produce internally consistent age-specific estimates of tuberculosis incidence, prevalence, and mortality. We also estimated age-specific tuberculosis mortality without HIV co-infection that is attributable to the independent and combined effects of three risk factors (smoking, alcohol use, and diabetes). As a secondary analysis, we examined the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis mortality without HIV co-infection by comparing expected tuberculosis deaths, modelled with trends in tuberculosis deaths from 2015 to 2019 in vital registration data, with observed tuberculosis deaths in 2020 and 2021 for count

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Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by age-related macular degeneration: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020

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EYE 2024年第11期38卷 2070-2082页

作者： Furtado, Joao M. Jonas, Jost B. Tapply, Ian Fernandes, Arthur G. Cicinelli, Maria Vittoria Arrigo, Alessandro Leveziel, Nicolas Resnikoff, Serge Taylor, Hugh R. Sedighi, Tabassom Flaxman, Seth Parodi, Maurizio Battaglia Bikbov, Mukkharram M. Braithwaite, Tasanee Bron, Alain Cheng, Ching-Yu Congdon, Nathan Del Monte, Monte A. Ehrlich, Joshua R. Fricke, Tim Friedman, David Gazzard, Gus Hartnett, M. Elizabeth Kahloun, Rim Kempen, John H. Khairallah, Moncef Khanna, Rohit C. Kim, Judy E. Lansingh, Van Charles Leasher, Janet Naidoo, Kovin S. Nangia, Vinay Nowak, Michal Pesudovs, Konrad Peto, Tunde Ramulu, Pradeep Topouzis, Fotis Tsilimbaris, Mitiadis Wang, Ya Xing Wang, Ningli Bourne, Rupert R. A. Furtado, Joao M. Jonas, Jost B. Tapply, Ian Fernandes, Arthur G. Cicinelli, Maria Vittoria Arrigo, Alessandro Leveziel, Nicolas Briant, Paul Svitil Vos, Theo Resnikoff, Serge Taylor, Hugh R. Sedighi, Tabassom Fischer, Florian Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abdollahi, Mohammad Adal, Tadele Girum Girum Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adhikari, Kishor Agarwal, Prerna Agodi, Antonella Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahmad, Aqeel Ahmadieh, Hamid Ahmadzadeh, Hooman Alahdab, Fares Alfaar, Ahmad Samir Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait Almidani, Louay Androudi, Sofia Anil, Abhishek Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Arabloo, Jalal Ashemo, Mubarek Yesse Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Atreya, Alok Ayalew, Melese Kitu Aynalem, Yared Asmare Aynalem, Zewdu Bishaw Azzam, Ahmed Y. Bagherieh, Sara Bai, Ruhai Barchitta, Martina Bardhan, Mainak Barnighausen, Till Winfried Parodi, Maurizio Battaglia Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew Bazvand, Fatemeh Begde, Ahmet Behnam, Babak Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhaskar, Sonu Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh Bintoro, Bagas Suryo Birck, Marina G. Braithwaite, Tasanee Burkart, Katrin Bustanji, Yasser dos Santos, Florentino L. Caetano Carneiro, Vera L. A. Cenderadewi, Muthia Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chu, Dinh-Toi Coberly, Kaleb Cruz-Martins, Natalia dadras, omid Dai, Xiaochen Dascalu, Ana Maria Dasht Univ Sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto Med Sch Ribeirao Preto Brazil Heidelberg Univ Med Fac Mannheim Dept Ophthalmol Heidelberg Germany Cambridge Univ Hosp Dept Ophthalmol Cambridge England Fed Univ Sao Paolo Sao Paulo SP Brazil Univ Calgary Calgary AB Canada Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele Sch Med Milan Italy IRCCS San Raffaele Sci Inst Dept Ophthalmol Milan Italy Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele Sci Inst San Raffaele Hosp Milan Italy Univ Poitiers Poitiers France CHU Poitiers Poitiers France Brien Holden Vis Inst Sydney NSW Australia Univ New South Wales Sch Optometry & Vis Sci Fac Med Sydney NSW Australia Univ Melbourne Sch Populat & Global Hlth Carlton Vic Australia Anglia Ruskin Univ Vis & Eye Res Inst Cambridge England Univ Oxford Dept Comp Sci Oxford England Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele Dept Ophthalmol Milan Italy Ufa Eye Res Inst Ufa Russia Kings Coll London Sch Life Course & Populat Sci London England Guys & St Thomas NHS Fdn Trust Med Eye Unit London England Univ Hosp Dijon France Natl Univ Singapore Singapore Singapore Singapore Eye Res Inst Singapore Singapore Queens Univ Belfast Belfast Antrim North Ireland Orbis Int New York NY USA Sun Yat Sen Univ Zhongshan Ophthalm Ctr Guangzhou Peoples R China Univ Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Kellogg Eye Ctr Ann Arbor MI USA Univ Michigan Inst Social Res Ann Arbor MI USA Univ Michigan Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci Ann Arbor MI USA Australian Coll Optometry Melbourne Vic Australia Univ Melbourne Melbourne Vic Australia UNSW Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Harvard Med Sch Mass Eye & Ear Boston MA USA UCL Inst Ophthalmol London England NIHR Biomed Res Ctr London England Stanford Univ Stanford CA USA Associated Ophthalmologists Monastir Monastir Tunisia Harvard Univ Dept Ophthalmol Boston MA USA MyungSung Med Coll Eye Unit Addis Ababa Ethiopia Addis Ababa Univ Dept Ophthalmol Addis Ababa Ethiopia Sight Souls Bellevue WA USA Univ Monastir Fattouma Bourguiba Univ Hosp Monas

BACKGROUND: We aimed to update estimates of global vision loss due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based surveys of eye diseases from January, 1980, to October, 2018. We fitted hierarchical models to estimate the prevalence of moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI;presenting visual acuity from <6/18 to 3/60) and blindness ( < 3/60) caused by AMD, stratified by age, region, and year. RESULTS: In 2020, 1.85 million (95%UI: 1.35 to 2.43 million) people were estimated to be blind due to AMD, and another 6.23 million (95%UI: 5.04 to 7.58) with MSVI globally. High-income countries had the highest number of individuals with AMD-related blindness (0.60 million people;0.46 to 0.77). The crude prevalence of AMD-related blindness in 2020 (among those aged = 50 years) was 0.10% (0.07 to 0.12) globally, and the region with the highest prevalence of AMD-related blindness was North Africa/ Middle East (0.22%;0.16 to 0.30). Age-standardized prevalence (using the GBD 2019 data) of AMD-related MSVI in people aged = 50 years in 2020 was 0.34% (0.27 to 0.41) globally, and the region with the highest prevalence of AMD-related MSVI was also North Africa/Middle East (0.55%;0.44 to 0.68). From 2000 to 2020, the estimated crude prevalence of AMD-related blindness decreased globally by 19.29%, while the prevalence of MSVI increased by 10.08%. CONCLUSIONS: The estimated increase in the number of individuals with AMD-related blindness and MSVI globally urges the creation of novel treatment modalities and the expansion of rehabilitation services.

关键词： Epidemiology Retinal diseases

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Global, regional, and national burden of osteoarthritis, 1990-2020 and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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LANCET RHEUMATOLOGY 2023年第9期5卷 E508-E522页

作者： Steinmetz, Jaimie D. Culbreth, Garland T. Haile, Lydia M. Rafferty, Quinn Lo, Justin Fukutaki, Kai Glenn Cruz, Jessica A. Smith, Amanda E. Vollset, Stein Emil Brooks, Peter M. Cross, Marita Woolf, Anthony Hagins, Hailey Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abedi, Aidin Ackerman, Ilana N. Amu, Hubert Antony, Benny Arabloo, Jalal Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Argaw, Ayele Mamo Artamonov, Anton A. Ashraf, Tahira Barrow, Amadou Bearne, Lindsay M. Bensenor, Isabela M. Berhie, Alemshet Yirga Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S. Bijani, Ali Briant, Paul Svitil Briggs, Andrew M. Butt, Nadeem Shafique Charan, Jaykaran Chattu, Vijay Kumar Cicuttini, Flavia M. Coberly, Kaleb dadras, omid Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi de Luca, Katie Denova-Gutierrez, Edgar Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Dhimal, Meghnath Dianatinasab, Mostafa Dreinhoefer, Karsten E. Elhadi, Muhammed Farooque, Umar Farpour, Hamid Reza Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Freitas, Marisa Ganesan, Balasankar Gemeda, Belete Negese Belete Getachew, Tamiru Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi Ghashghaee, Ahmad Gill, Tiffany K. Golechha, Mahaveer Golinelli, Davide Gupta, Bhawna Gupta, Veer Bala Gupta, Vivek Kumar Haddadi, Rasool Hafezi-Nejad, Nima Halwani, Rabih Hamidi, Samer Hanif, Asif Harlianto, Netanja, I Haro, Josep Maria Hartvigsen, Jan Hay, Simon, I Hebert, Jeffrey J. Heidari, Golnaz Hosseini, Mohammad-Salar Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Hsiao, Alexander Kevin Ilic, Irena M. Ilic, Milena Jacob, Louis Jayawardena, Ranil Jha, Ravi Prakash Jonas, Jost B. Joseph, Nitin Kandel, Himal Karaye, Ibraheem M. Khan, Md Jobair Kim, Yun Jin Kolahi, Ali-Asghar Korzh, Oleksii Koteeswaran, Rajasekaran Krishnamoorthy, Vijay Kumar, G. Anil Kumar, Narinder Lee, Sang-woong Lim, Stephen S. Lobo, Stany W. Lucchetti, Giancarlo Malekpour, Mohammad-Reza Malik, Ahmad Azam Mandarano-Filho, Luiz Garcia Garcia Martini, Santi Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A. Mesregah, Mohamed Kamal Mestrovic, Tomislav Mirrakhimov, Erkin M. Misganaw, Awoke Mohammadpourhodki, Reza Mokdad, Ali H. Momtazmanesh, Sara Morrison, Shane Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Sch Med Dept Hlth Metr Sci Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Appl Math Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg Seattle WA USA Dept Publ Hlth Seattle WA USA Univ Melbourne Ctr Hlth Policy Melbourne Vic Australia Univ Sydney Fac Med & Hlth Sydney NSW Australia Univ Sydney Save Sight Inst Sydney NSW Australia Univ Sydney Inst Bone & Joint Res Sydney NSW Australia Global Alliance Musculoskeletal Hlth Sydney NSW Australia Royal Cornwall Hosp Bone & Joint Res Grp Truro England Univ Tehran Med Sci Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sch Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Fac Med Tehran Iran Univ Southern Calif Dept Neurosurg Los Angeles CA USA Univ Southern Calif Keck Sch Med Los Angeles CA USA Univ Southern Calif Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informat Inst Los Angeles CA USA Monash Univ Sch Publ Hlth & Prevent Med Melbourne Vic Australia Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Dept Populat & Behav Sci Ho Ghana Univ Tasmania Menzies Inst Med Res Hobart Tas Australia Iran Univ Med Sci Hlth Management & Econ Res Ctr Tehran Iran Iran Univ Med Sci Prevent Med & Publ Hlth Res Ctr Tehran Iran Iran Univ Med Sci Dept Community & Family Med Tehran Iran Madda Walabu Univ Dept Clin Pharm Goba Ethiopia Russian Acad Sci Dept Biophys Moscow Russia Univ Lahore Univ Inst Radiol Sci & Med Imaging Technol Lahore Pakistan Univ Lahore Univ Inst Publ Hlth Lahore Pakistan Univ Gambia Dept Publ & Environm Hlth Brikama Gambia Minist Hlth Epidemiol & Dis Control Unit Kotu Gambia Univ London Populat Hlth Res Inst London England Natl Inst Hlth Res Ctr Engagement & Disseminat Twickenham England Univ Sao Paulo Dept Internal Med Sao Paulo Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Dept Psychiat Sao Paulo Brazil Bahir Dar Univ Sch Hlth Sci Bahir Dar Ethiopia All India Inst Med Sci Dept Anat

Background Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis in adults, characterised by chronic pain and loss of mobility. Osteoarthritis most frequently occurs after age 40 years and prevalence increases steeply with age. WHO has designated 2021-30 the decade of healthy ageing, which highlights the need to address diseases such as osteoarthritis, which strongly affect functional ability and quality of life. Osteoarthritis can coexist with, and negatively effect, other chronic conditions. Here we estimate the burden of hand, hip, knee, and other sites of osteoarthritis across geographies, age, sex, and time, with forecasts of prevalence to 2050. Methods In this systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study, osteoarthritis prevalence in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020 was estimated using data from population-based surveys from 26 countries for knee osteoarthritis, 23 countries for hip osteoarthritis, 42 countries for hand osteoarthritis, and US insurance claims for all of the osteoarthritis sites, including the other types of osteoarthritis category. The reference case definition was symptomatic, radiographically confirmed osteoarthritis. Studies using alternative definitions from the reference case definition (for example self-reported osteoarthritis) were adjusted to reference using regression models. Osteoarthritis severity distribution was obtained from a pooled meta-analysis of sources using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index. Final prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights to calculate years lived with disability (YLDs). Prevalence was forecast to 2050 using a mixed-effects model. Findings Globally, 595 million (95% uncertainty interval 535-656) people had osteoarthritis in 2020, equal to 7 center dot 6% (95% UI 6 center dot 8-8 center dot 4) of the global population, and an increase of 132 center dot 2% (130 center dot 3-134 center dot 1) in total cases since 1990. Compared with 2020,

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