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Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by cataract: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020

EYE 2024年第11期38卷 2156-2172页

作者： Pesudovs, Konrad Lansingh, Van Charles Kempen, John H. Tapply, Ian Fernandes, Arthur G. Cicinelli, Maria Vittoria Arrigo, Alessandro Leveziel, Nicolas Resnikoff, Serge Taylor, Hugh R. Sedighi, Tabassom Flaxman, Seth Bikbov, Mukkharram M. Braithwaite, Tasanee Bron, Alain Cheng, Ching-Yu Del Monte, Monte A. Ehrlich, Joshua R. Ellwein, Leon B. Friedman, David Furtado, Joao M. Gazzard, Gus George, Ronnie Hartnett, M. Elizabeth Jonas, Jost B. Kahloun, Rim Khairallah, Moncef Khanna, Rohit C. Leasher, Janet Little, Julie-Anne Nangia, Vinay Nowak, Michal Peto, Tunde Ramulu, Pradeep Topouzis, Fotis Tsilimbaris, Mitiadis Wang, Ya Xing Wang, Ningli Bourne, Rupert Briant, Paul Svitil Vos, Theo Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abdollahi, Mohammad Abdollahi, Mozhan Abebe, Ayele Mamo Abiodun, Olumide Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abrha, Woldu Aberhe Abualruz, Hasan Ali, Hiwa Abubaker Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Aburuz, Salahdein Adal, Tadele Girum Girum Adane, Mesafint Molla Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Aghamiri, Shahin Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Aqeel Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadi, Ali Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Haroon Alfaar, Ahmad Samir Ali, Abid Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait Altaf, Awais Amu, Hubert Androudi, Sofia Anguita, Rodrigo Anil, Abhishek Anvari, Saeid Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Appiah, Francis Arabloo, Jalal Arafat, Mosab Areda, Damelash Arefnezhad, Reza Aregawi, Brhane Berhe Asgedom, Akeza Awealom Ashraf, Tahira Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Atinafu, Bantalem Tilaye Tilaye Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atreya, Alok Ayatollahi, Haleh Azzam, Ahmed Y. Babamohamadi, Hassan Bagherieh, Sara Bahurupi, Yogesh Baig, Atif Amin Banik, Biswajit Bardhan, Mainak Basu, Saurav Batra, Kavita Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew Bazvand, Fatemeh Beyene, Addisu Shunu Bhagat, Devidas S. Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhaskar, Sonu Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh Bikbov, Mukharram Bineshfar, Niloufar Birck, Marina G. Bitra, Veera R. Burkart, Katrin Bustanji, Yasser Butt, Zahid A. dos Santos, Florentino Luciano Caetano Alberto Ca Univ New South Wales Med & Hlth Sydney NSW Australia HelpMeSee Inst Mexicano Oftalmol Santiago De Queretaro Mexico Univ Miami Gables FL USA Univ Utah Salt Lake City UT USA Harvard Med Sch Dept Ophthalmol Massachusetts Eye & Ear Shepens Eye Res Inst Boston MA 02115 USA Comprehens Specialized Hosp Eye Unit MyungSung Christian Med Ctr MCM Addis Ababa Ethiopia MyungSun Med Coll Addis Ababa Ethiopia Addis Ababa Univ Dept Ophthalmol Addis Ababa Ethiopia Sight Souls Bellevue WA USA Addenbrookes Hosp Cambridge England Fed Univ Sao Paolo Sao Paulo SP Brazil Univ Calgary Calgary AB Canada Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele Sch Med Milan Italy IRCCS San Raffaele Sci Inst Dept Ophthalmol Milan Italy Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele IRCCS San Raffaele Sci Inst Milan Italy Univ Poitiers Poitiers France CHU Poitiers Poitiers France Brien Holden Vis Inst Sydney NSW Australia Univ New South Wales Sch Optometry & Vis Sci Fac Med Sydney NSW Australia Univ Melbourne Sch Populat & Global Hlth Carlton Vic Australia Anglia Ruskin Univ Vis & Eye Res Inst Cambridge England Univ Oxford Dept Comp Sci Oxford England Ufa Eye Res Inst Ufa Russia Kings Coll London Sch Life Course & Populat Sci London England Guys & St Thomas NHS Fdn Trust Med Eye Unit London England Univ Hosp Dijon France Natl Univ Singapore Singapore Singapore Singapore Eye Res Inst Singapore Singapore Univ Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Kellogg Eye Ctr Ann Arbor MI USA Univ Michigan Inst Social Res Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA NEI Bethesda MD 20892 USA Harvard Med Sch Mass Eye & Ear Boston MA 02115 USA Univ Sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto Med Sch Sao Paulo Brazil Inst Ophthalmol UCL London England NIHR Biomed Res Ctr London England Sankara Nethralaya Med Res Fdn Chennai 600006 Tamil Nadu India Stanford Univ Stanford CA 94305 USA Heidelberg Univ Med Fac Mannheim Dept Ophthalmol Heidelberg Germany Associated Ophthalmologi

BACKGROUND: To estimate global and regional trends from 2000 to 2020 of the number of persons visually impaired by cataract and their proportion of the total number of vision-impaired individuals. METHODS: A systemati... 详细信息

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Global, regional, and national sex differences in the global burden of tuberculosis by HIV status, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022年第2期22卷 222-241页

作者： Ledesma, Jorge R. Ma, Jianing Vongpradith, Avina Maddison, Emilie R. Novotney, Amanda Biehl, Molly H. LeGrand, Kate E. Ross, Jennifer M. Jahagirdar, Deepa Bryazka, Dana Feldman, Rachel Abolhassani, Hassan Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Saira Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad Ahmadi, Sepideh Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Salih, Yusra Ahmed Aklilu, Addis Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Alemayehu, Yosef Alene, Kefyalew Addis Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali, Liaqat Alipour, vahid Alizade, Hesam Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amini, Saeed Amit, Arianna Maever L. Anderson, Jason A. Androudi, Sofia Antonio, Carl Abelardo T. Antony, Catherine M. Anwer, Razique Arabloo, Jalal Arja, Asrat Asemahagn, Mulusew A. Atre, Sachin R. Azhar, Gulrez Shah Darshan, B. B. Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din Baig, Atif Amin Banach, Maciej Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat Barra, Fabio Barrow, Amadou Basu, Sanjay Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bijani, Ali Bikbov, Boris Boloor, Archith Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Buonsenso, Danilo Nagaraja, Sharath Burugina Butt, Zahid A. Carter, Austin Carvalho, Felix Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Christopher, Devasahayam J. Chu, Dinh-Toi Claassens, Mareli M. dadras, Omid Dagnew, Amare Belachew Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz Darwesh, Aso Mohammad Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Linh Phuong Doan Eftekharzadeh, Sahar Elhadi, Muhammed Emami, Amir Enany, Shymaa Faraon, Emerito Jose A. Farzadfar, Farshad Fernandes, Eduarda Desideri, Lorenzo Ferro Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Foroutan, Masoud Frank, Tahvi D. Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L. Garcia-Calavaro, Christian Garg, Tushar Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle Ghadiri, Keyghobad Ghashghaee, Ahmad Golechha, Mahaveer Goodridge, Amador Gupta, Bhawna Gupta, Sapna Gupta, Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Global Hlth Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Med Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Hlth Metr Sci Seattle WA 98195 USA World Hlth Org WHO Div Data Analyt & Delivery Impact Geneva Switzerland Karolinska Univ Hosp Dept Lab Med Huddinge Sweden Univ Tehran Med Sci Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Digest Dis Res Inst Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Metabol & Genom Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sina Trauma & Surg Res Ctr Tehran Iran Debre Berhan Univ Dept Publ Hlth Debre Brehan Ethiopia Univ Sharjah Dept Clin Sci Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Clin Sci Dept Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Coll Hosp Coll Med Ibadan Nigeria Karya Husada Inst Hlth Sci Dept Midwifery Kediri Indonesia Auckland Univ Technol Dept Midwifery Auckland New Zealand King Edward Mem Hosp Dept Community Med Lahore Pakistan Publ Hlth Inst Dept Publ Hlth Lahore Pakistan Univ Technol Sydney Australian Ctr Publ & Populat Hlth Res ACPPHR Sydney NSW Australia Fdn Univ Islamabad Fdn Univ Med Coll Islamabad Pakistan Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Sch Adv Technol Med Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Dept Epidemiol Tehran Iran Univ Kurdistan Hewler Dept Comp Sci & Engn Erbil Iraq Sulaimani Polytech Univ Database Technol Dept Sulaymaniyah Iraq Sulaimani Polytech Univ Coll Informat Sulaymaniyah Iraq Arba Minch Univ Dept Med Lab Sci Arba Minch Ethiopia Arba Minch Univ Dept Midwifery Arba Minch Ethiopia Arba Minch Univ Dept Biomed Sci Arba Minch Ethiopia Intercountry Ctr Oral Hlth ICOH Africa Dept Publ Hlth Jos Nigeria Fed Minist Hlth Dept Publ Hlth Garki Nigeria Hamad Med Corp Geriatr & Long Term Care Dept Doha Qatar Hamad Med Corp Rumailah Hosp Doha Qatar Mayo Clin Fdn Med Educ & Res Mayo Evidence Based Practice Ctr Rochester MN USA Curtin Univ Fac Hlth Sci P

Background Tuberculosis is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, causing more than a million deaths annually. Given an emphasis on equity in access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in global h...

Background Tuberculosis is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, causing more than a million deaths annually. Given an emphasis on equity in access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in global health targets, evaluations of differences in tuberculosis burden by sex are crucial. We aimed to assess the levels and trends of the global burden of tuberculosis, with an emphasis on investigating differences in sex by HIV status for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Methods We used a Bayesian hierarchical Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) platform to analyse 21 505 site-years of vital registration data, 705 site-years of verbal autopsy data, 825 site-years of sample-based vital registration data, and 680 site-years of mortality surveillance data to estimate mortality due to tuberculosis among HIV-negative individuals. We used a population attributable fraction approach to estimate mortality related to HIV and tuberculosis coinfection. A compartmental meta-regression tool (DisMod-MR 2.1) was then used to synthesise all available data sources, including prevalence surveys, annual case notifications, population-based tuberculin surveys, and tuberculosis cause-specific mortality, to produce estimates of incidence, prevalence, and mortality that were internally consistent. We further estimated the fraction of tuberculosis mortality that is attributable to independent effects of risk factors, including smoking, alcohol use, and diabetes, for HIV-negative individuals. For individuals with HIV and tuberculosis coinfection, we assessed mortality attributable to HIV risk factors including unsafe sex, intimate partner violence (only estimated among females), and injection drug use. We present 95% uncertainty intervals for all estimates. Findings Globally, in 2019, among HIV-negative individuals, there were 1.18 million (95% uncertainty interval 1.08-1.29) deaths due to tuberculosis and 8.50 million (7.45-9.73) incident cases of tuberculosis. A

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Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990-2020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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LANCET RHEUMATOLOGY 2023年第6期5卷 E316-E329页

作者： Ferreira, Manuela L. de Luca, Katie Haile, Lydia M. Steinmetz, Jaimie Culbreth, Garland Cross, Marita Kopec, Jacek A. Ferreira, Paulo H. Blyth, Fiona M. Buchbinder, Rachelle Hartvigsen, Jan Wu, Ai-Min Safiri, Saeid Woolf, Anthony Collins, Gary S. Ong, Kanyin Liane Vollset, Stein Emil Smith, Amanda E. Cruz, Jessica A. Fukutaki, Kai Glenn Abate, Semagn Mekonnen Abbasifard, Mitra Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abdelalim, Ahmed Abedi, Aidin Abidi, Hassan Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Ahmadi, Ali Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Alamer, Abayneh Tadesse Alem, Adugnaw Zeleke Alimohamadi, Yousef Alshehri, Mansour Abdullah Alshehri, Mohammed Mansour Alzahrani, Hosam Amini, Saeed Amiri, Sohrab Amu, Hubert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Antony, Benny Arabloo, Jalal Arulappan, Judie Arumugam, Ashokan Ashraf, Tahira Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Awoke, Nefsu Azadnajafabad, Sina Baernighausen, Till Winfried Barrero, Lope H. Barrow, Amadou Barzegar, Akbar Bearne, Lindsay M. Bensenor, Isabela M. Berhie, Alemshet Yirga Bhandari, Bharti Bhandari Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S. Bijani, Ali Bodicha, Belay Boda Abule Bolla, Srinivasa Rao Brazo-Sayavera, Javier Briggs, Andrew M. Cao, Chao Charalampous, Periklis Chattu, Vijay Kumar Cicuttini, Flavia M. Clarsen, Benjamin Cuschieri, Sarah dadras, Omid Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dehghan, Azizallah Demie, Takele Gezahegn G. Denova-Gutierrez, Edgar Dewan, Syed Masudur Rahman Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane Dhimal, Meghnath Diaz, Daniel Didehdar, Mojtaba Digesa, Lankamo Ena Diress, Mengistie Do, Hoa Thi Doan, Linh Phuong Ekholuenetale, Michael Elhadi, Muhammed Eskandarieh, Sharareh Faghani, Shahriar Fares, Jawad Fatehizadeh, Ali Fetensa, Getahun Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Franklin, Richard Charles Ganesan, Balasankar Gemeda, Belete Negese Belete Getachew, Motuma Erena Ghashghaee, Ahmad Gill, Tiffany K. Golechha, Mahaveer Goleij, Pouya Gupta, Bhawna Hafezi-Nejad, Nima Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin Hamal, Pawan Kumar Hanif, Asif Harlianto, N Univ Sydney Fac Med & Hlth Sydney Musculoskeletal Hlth Sydney NSW Australia Univ Sydney Fac Med & Hlth Sydney Med Sch Sydney NSW Australia Univ Sydney Fac Med & Hlth Save Sight Inst Sydney NSW Australia CQ Univ Discipline Chiropract Brisbane Qld Australia Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Sch Med Dept Hlth Metr Sci Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Med Seattle WA USA Univ British Columbia Sch Populat & Publ Hlth Vancouver BC Canada Arthrit Res Canada Richmond BC Canada Monash Univ Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med Melbourne Vic Australia Monash Univ Sch Publ Hlth & Prevent Med Melbourne Vic Australia Cabrini Hosp Cabrini Inst Monash Dept Clin Epidemiol Melbourne Vic Australia Univ Southern Denmark Dept Sports Sci & Clin Biomech Odense Denmark Nord Inst Chiropract & Clin Biomechan Res Dept Odense Denmark Wenzhou Med Univ Dept Orthopaed Wenzhou Peoples R China Tabriz Univ Med Sci Aging Res Inst Tabriz Iran Tabriz Univ Med Sci Dept Community Med Tabriz Iran Tabriz Univ Med Sci Student Res Comm Tabriz Iran Tabriz Univ Med Sci Anesthesiol & Crit Care Tabriz Iran Tabriz Univ Med Sci Dept Radiol Tabriz Iran Tabriz Univ Med Sci Dept Pediat Allergy & Immunol Tabriz Iran Royal Cornwall Hosp Bone & Joint Res Grp Truro England Univ Oxford Nuffield Dept Orthopaed Rheumatol & Musculoskelet Oxford England Dilla Univ Dept Anesthesiol Addis Ababa Ethiopia Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci Dept Internal Med Rafsanjan Iran Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci Clin Res Dev Unit Rafsanjan Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Multiple Sclerosis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Interdisciplinary Neurosci Res Program Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Fac Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Digest Dis Res Inst Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Tehran Heart Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sch Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Phys Med & Rehabil Tehran Iran Uni

Background Low back pain is highly prevalent and the main cause of years lived with disability (YLDs). We present the most up-to-date global, regional, and national data on prevalence and YLDs for low back pain from t...

Background Low back pain is highly prevalent and the main cause of years lived with disability (YLDs). We present the most up-to-date global, regional, and national data on prevalence and YLDs for low back pain from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021. Methods Population-based studies from 1980 to 2019 identified in a systematic review, international surveys, US medical claims data, and dataset contributions by collaborators were used to estimate the prevalence and YLDs for low back pain from 1990 to 2020, for 204 countries and territories. Low back pain was defined as pain between the 12th ribs and the gluteal folds that lasted a day or more;input data using alternative definitions were adjusted in a network meta-regression analysis. Nested Bayesian meta-regression models were used to estimate prevalence and YLDs by age, sex, year, and location. Prevalence was projected to 2050 by running a regression on prevalence rates using Socio-demographic Index as a predictor, then multiplying them by projected population estimates. Findings In 2020, low back pain affected 619 million (95% uncertainty interval 554-694) people globally, with a projection of 843 million (759-933) prevalent cases by 2050. In 2020, the global age-standardised rate of YLDs was 832 per 100 000 (578-1070). Between 1990 and 2020, age-standardised rates of prevalence and YLDs decreased by 10 center dot 4% (10 center dot 9-10 center dot 0) and 10 center dot 5% (11 center dot 1-10 center dot 0), respectively. A total of 38 center dot 8% (28 center dot 7-47 center dot 0) of YLDs were attributed to occupational factors, smoking, and high BMI. Interpretation Low back pain remains the leading cause of YLDs globally, and in 2020, there were more than half a billion prevalent cases of low back pain worldwide. While age-standardised rates have decreased modestly over the past three decades, it is projected that globally in 2050, more than 800 million people will have low back p

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Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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ECLINICALMEDICINE 2023年 59卷 101936-101936页

作者： Momtazmanesh, Sara Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi Rad, Elaheh Malakan Rezaei, Negar Shobeiri, Parnian Aali, Amirali Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abdelmasseh, Michael Abdoun, Meriem Abdulah, Deldar Morad Abdullah, Abu Yousuf Md Abedi, Aidin Abolhassani, Hassan Abrehdari-Tafreshi, Zahra Achappa, Basavaprabhu Adane, Denberu Eshetie Adane Adane, Tigist Demssew Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adnan, Mohammad Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadi, Ali Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmed, Ali Ahmed, Ayman Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Alemayehu, Astawus Alif, Sheikh Mohammad Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almustanyir, Sami Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Dehkordi, Javad Aminian Amir-Behghadami, Mehrdad Ancuceanu, Robert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Antony, Catherine M. Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Arabloo, Jalal Arulappan, Judie Ashraf, Tahira Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Attia, Engi F. Ayele, Meshesha Tsegazeab Azadnajafabad, Sina Babu, Abraham Samuel Bagherieh, Sara Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin Banach, Maciej Bardhan, Mainak Barone-Adesi, Francesco Barrow, Amadou Basu, Saurav Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew Bensenor, Isabela M. Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhat, Ajay Nagesh Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bouaoud, Souad Braithwaite, Dejana Brauer, Michael Butt, Muhammad Hammad Butt, Zahid A. Calina, Daniela Camera, Luis Alberto Chanie, Gashaw Sisay Charalampous, Periklis Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel Chu, Dinh-Toi Cohen, Aaron J. Cruz-Martins, Natalia dadras, Omid Darwesh, Aso Mohammad Das, Saswati Debela, Sisay Abebe Delgado-Ortiz, Daniel Dereje, Diriba Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diao, Nancy Diaz, Daniel Digesa, Lankamo Ena Dirirsa, Gebisa Doku, Paul Narh Dongarwar, Deepa Douiri, Abdel Dsouza, Haneil Larson Eini, Ebrahim Ekholuenetale, Michael Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus Elagali, Ahmed Elabbas Mustafa Elhadi, Muhammed Enyew, Daniel Berhanie Erkhembayar, Ryenchindorj Etaee, Farshid Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis Faro, Andre Fatehizadeh, Ali Fekadu, Ginenus Filip, Irin Univ Tehran Med Sci Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr Endocrinol & Metab Populat Sci Inst 10 Al E Ahmad & Chamran Highway Intersect Tehran *** Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Endocrinol & Metab Res Ctr Endocrinol & Metab Clin Sci Inst Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sch Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Pediat Cardiol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Inst Environm Res Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Students Sci Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Childrens Med Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Cardiol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Tehran Heart Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Natl Inst Hlth Res Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Med Tehran Iran Kiel Inst World Econ Kiel Germany Mashhad Univ Med Sci Fac Med Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Appl Biomed Res Ctr Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Biotechnol Res Ctr Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Dept Epidemiol Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Funct Neurosurg Ctr Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Sch Med Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Urol & Nephrol Res Ctr Tehran Iran Marshall Univ Dept Surg Huntington WV USA Univ Setif Algeria Fac Med Setif Algeria Univ Duhok Community & Matern Nursing Unit Duhok Iraq Univ Waterloo Sch Planning Fac Environm Waterloo ON Canada Univ Waterloo Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Syst Waterloo ON Canada Univ Southern Calif Dept Neurosurg Los Angeles CA USA Univ Southern Calif Keck Sch Med Los Angeles CA USA Univ Southern Calif Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informat Inst Los Angeles CA USA Karolinska Univ Hosp Dept Biosci & Nutr Huddinge Sweden Univ Tehran Cellular & Mol Biol Dept Tehran Iran Manipal Acad Higher Educ Dept Internal Med Mangalore India Manipal Acad Higher Educ Dept Gen Med Mangalore India Manipal Acad Hi

Background Updated data on chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are vital in their prevention, control, and treatment in the path to achieving the third UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a one-third reduction in... 详细信息

Background Updated data on chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are vital in their prevention, control, and treatment in the path to achieving the third UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a one-third reduction in premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by 2030. We provided global, regional, and national estimates of the burden of CRDs and their attributable risks from 1990 to 2019. Methods Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we estimated mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), prevalence, and incidence of CRDs, i.e. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pneumoconiosis, interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis, and other CRDs, from 1990 to 2019 by sex, age, region, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) in 204 countries and territories. Deaths and DALYs from CRDs attributable to each risk factor were estimated according to relative risks, risk exposure, and the theoretical minimum risk exposure level input. Findings In 2019, CRDs were the third leading cause of death responsible for 4.0 million deaths (95% uncertainty interval 3.6-4.3) with a prevalence of 454.6 million cases (417.4-499.1) globally. While the total deaths and prevalence of CRDs have increased by 28.5% and 39.8%, the age-standardised rates have dropped by 41.7% and 16.9% from 1990 to 2019, respectively. COPD, with 212.3 million (200.4-225.1) prevalent cases, was the primary cause of deaths from CRDs, accounting for 3.3 million (2.9-3.6) deaths. With 262.4 million (224.1-309.5) prevalent cases, asthma had the highest prevalence among CRDs. The age-standardised rates of all burden measures of COPD, asthma, and pneumoconiosis have reduced globally from 1990 to 2019. Nevertheless, the age-standardised rates of incidence and prevalence of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis have increased throughout this period. Lowand low-middle SDI count

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Global mortality associated with 33 bacterial pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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LANCET 2022年第10369期400卷 2221-2248页

作者： Ikuta, Kevin S. Swetschinski, Lucien R. Aguilar, Gisela Robles Sharara, Fablina Mestrovic, Tomislav Gray, Authia P. Weaver, Nicole Davis Wool, Eve E. Han, Chieh Hayoon, Anna Gershberg Aali, Amirali Abate, Semagn Mekonnen Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abd-Elsalam, Sherief Abebe, Getachew Abedi, Aidin Abhari, Amir Parsa Abidi, Hassan Aboagye, Richard Gyan Absalan, Abdorrahim Ali, Hiwa Abubaker Acuna, Juan Manuel Adane, Tigist Demssew Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adegboye, Oyelola A. Adnan, Mohammad Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Saira Aghdam, Zahra Babaei Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Aqeel Ahmad, Araz Ramazan Ahmad, Rizwan Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Sohail Ahmadi, Sepideh Ahmed, Ali Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed, Jivan Qasim Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Ajami, Marjan Aji, Budi Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, Mostafa Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Aldeyab, Mamoon A. Aleman, Alicia, V Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali, Liaqat Ali, Syed Shujait Alimohamadi, Yousef Alipour, vahid Alizadeh, Atiyeh Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Allel, Kasim Almustanyir, Sami Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amit, Arianna Maever L. Anandavelane, Nivedita Ancuceanu, Robert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Anggraini, Dewi Ansar, Adnan Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Arabloo, Jalal Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Areda, Demelash Aripov, Timur Artamonov, Anton A. Arulappan, Judie Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo Asaduzzaman, Muhammad Ashraf, Tahira Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Atlaw, Daniel Attia, Sameh Ausloos, Marcel Awoke, Tewachew Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Ayana, Tegegn Mulatu Azadnajafabad, Sina Jafari, Amirhossein Azari Darshan, B. B. Badar, Muhammad Badiye, Ashish D. Baghcheghi, Nayereh Bagherieh, Sara Baig, Atif Amin Banerjee, Indrajit Barac, Aleksandra Bardhan, Mainak Barone-Adesi, Francesco Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat Barrow, Amadou Baskaran, Pritish Basu, Saurav Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad Bedi, Neeraj Belete, Melaku Ashagrie Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal Bender, Rose G. Bhan Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Div Infect Dis Los Angeles CA USA Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Appl Math Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Sch Med Dept Hlth Metr Sci Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Global Hlth Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Oxford Nuffield Dept Med Oxford England Univ Oxford Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth Oxford England Univ Oxford Oxford Ctr Global Hlth Res Oxford England Univ North Univ Ctr Varazdin Varazhdin Croatia Mashhad Univ Med Sci Fac Med Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Learning Ctr Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Sch Med Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Appl Biomed Res Ctr Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Biotechnol Res Ctr Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Dilla Univ Dept Anesthesiol Addis Ababa Ethiopia Univ Tehran Med Sci Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Epidemiol & Biostat Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sch Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Students Sci Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Childrens Med Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Tehran Heart Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Fac Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Pharmacol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sina Trauma & Surg Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Med Sch Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Microbiol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Pharmacognosy Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Sch Adv Technol Med Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Funct Neurosurg Res Ctr Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Dept Neurosurg Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Chron Resp Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Sch Med

Background Reducing the burden of death due to infection is an urgent global public health priority. Previous studies have estimated the number of deaths associated with drug-resistant infections and sepsis and found ...

Background Reducing the burden of death due to infection is an urgent global public health priority. Previous studies have estimated the number of deaths associated with drug-resistant infections and sepsis and found that infections remain a leading cause of death globally. Understanding the global burden of common bacterial pathogens (both susceptible and resistant to antimicrobials) is essential to identify the greatest threats to public health. To our knowledge, this is the first study to present global comprehensive estimates of deaths associated with 33 bacterial pathogens across 11 major infectious syndromes. Methods We estimated deaths associated with 33 bacterial genera or species across 11 infectious syndromes in 2019 using methods from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, in addition to a subset of the input data described in the Global Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance 2019 study. This study included 343 million individual records or isolates covering 11 361 study-location-years. We used three modelling steps to estimate the number of deaths associated with each pathogen: deaths in which infection had a role, the fraction of deaths due to infection that are attributable to a given infectious syndrome, and the fraction of deaths due to an infectious syndrome that are attributable to a given pathogen. Estimates were produced for all ages and for males and females across 204 countries and territories in 2019. 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) were calculated for final estimates of deaths and infections associated with the 33 bacterial pathogens following standard GBD methods by taking the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles across 1000 posterior draws for each quantity of interest. Findings From an estimated 13.7 million (95% UI 10.9-17.1) infection-related deaths in 2019, there were 7.7 million deaths (5.7-10.2) associated with the 33 bacterial pathogens (both resistant and susceptible to antimicrobials) across the 11 infectio

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Global, regional, and national burden of epilepsy, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH 2025年第3期10卷 E203-E227页

作者： Feigin, Valery L. Vos, Theo Nair, Balakrishnan Sukumaran Hay, Simon I. Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis Al Magied, Abdallah H. A. Abd Abd ElHafeez, Samar Abdelkader, Atef Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin Abdullahi, Auwal Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abreu, Lucas Guimaraes Abu Rumeileh, Samir Abualruz, Hasan Aburuz, Salahdein Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji Adepoju, Abiola Victor Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Saira Ahmad, Aqeel Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Tauseef Ahmadi, Ali Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed, Mehrunnisha Sharif Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Al Awaidy, Salah Al Omari, Omar Al-Ajlouni, Yazan Albashtawy, Mohammed Al-Fatly, Bassam Algammal, Abdelazeem M. Ali, Abid Ali, Mohammed Usman Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Waad Alif, Sheikh Mohammad Almazan, Joseph Uy Alshahrani, Najim Z. Altaf, Awais Al-Wardat, Mohammad Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed Aly, Hany Alzoubi, Karem H. Amiri, Sohrab Ancuceanu, Robert Angappan, Dhanalakshmi Ansari, Mohammed Tahir Anvari, Saeid Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Arabloo, Jalal Arafat, Mosab Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Aregawi, Brhane Berhe Aremu, Abdulfatai Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atreya, Alok Aujayeb, Avinash Aychiluhm, Setognal Birara Aziz, Shahkaar Azzam, Ahmed Y. Badiye, Ashish D. Bai, Ruhai Baig, Atif Amin Bakkannavar, Shankar M. Bandyopadhyay, Soham Banerjee, Indrajit Bardhan, Mainak Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn Barrow, Amadou Basharat, Zarrin Bashiri, Azadeh Basiru, Afisu Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi Batchu, Sai Behnam, Babak Ramirez, Diana Fernanda Bejarano Bemanalizadeh, Maryam Beyene, Kebede A. Bhagat, Devidas S. Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhaskar, Sonu Bhat, Ajay Nagesh Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh Bhuiyan, Mohiuddin Ahmed Bhuyan, Soumitra S. Bilgin, Cem Bisulli, Francesca Boloor, Archith Boppana, Sri Harsha Bouaoud, Souad Bustanji, Yasser Barsbay, Mehtap Cakmak Carvalho, Felix Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio Chandika, Rama Mohan Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chaudhary, Anis Ahmad Ching, Patrick R. Chopra, Hitesh Dinh-Toi Chu Chu, Hongyuan Cortese, Samuele Cortesi Auckland Univ Technol Auckland 0627 New Zealand

Background Epilepsy is one of the most common serious neurological disorders and affects individuals of all ages across the globe. The aim of this study is to provide estimates of the epilepsy burden on the global, re...

Background Epilepsy is one of the most common serious neurological disorders and affects individuals of all ages across the globe. The aim of this study is to provide estimates of the epilepsy burden on the global, regional, and national levels for 1990-2021. Methods Using well established Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) methodology, we quantified the prevalence of active idiopathic (epilepsy of genetic or unknown origin) and secondary epilepsy (epilepsy due to an underlying abnormality of the brain structure or chemistry), as well as incidence, death, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) by age, sex, and location (globally, 21 GBD regions and seven super-regions, World Bank country income levels, Socio-demographic Index [SDI], and 204 countries) and their trends from 1990 to 2021. Vital registrations and verbal autopsies provided information about deaths, and data on the prevalence and severity of epilepsy, largely came from population representative surveys. All estimates were calculated with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Findings In 2021, there were 51 center dot 7 million (95% UI 44 center dot 9-58 center dot 9) people with epilepsy (idiopathic and secondary combined) globally, with an age-standardised prevalence of 658 per 100 000 (569-748). Idiopathic epilepsy had an age-standardised prevalence of 307 per 100 000 (235-389) globally, with 24 center dot 2 million (18 center dot 5-30 center dot 7) prevalent cases, and secondary epilepsy had a global age-standardised prevalence of 350 per 100 000 (322-380). In 2021, 0 center dot 7% of the population had active epilepsy (0 center dot 3% attributed to idiopathic epilepsy and 0 center dot 4% to secondary epilepsy), and the age-standardised global prevalence of epilepsy from idiopathic and secondary epilepsy combined increased from 1990 to 2021 by 10 center dot 8% (1 center dot 1-21 center dot 3), mainly due to corresponding changes in secondary epilepsy. However, age-standar

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Global, regional, and national burden of upper respiratory infections and otitis media, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2025年第1期25卷 36-51页

作者： Kyu, Hmwe H. Sirota, Sarah Brooke Doxey, Matthew C. Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva Bender, Rose Grace Vongpradith, Avina Albertson, Samuel B. Novotney, Amanda Burkart, Katrin Carter, Austin Abdi, Parsa Abdoun, Meriem Abebe, Ayele Mamo Abegaz, Kedir Hussein Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abreu, Lucas Guimaraes Abualruz, Hasan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Aburuz, Salahdein Adane, Mesafint Molla Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adekanmbi, Victor Estiningtyas, Qorinah Adnani, Sakilah Adzigbli, Leticia Akua Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Saira Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed, Syed Anees Akinosoglou, Karolina Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed Al Awaidy, Salah Alalalmeh, Samer O. Albashtawy, Mohammed AlBataineh, Mohammad T. Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Naji Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Abid Ali, Liaqat Ali, Mohammed Usman Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Waad Almazan, Joseph Uy Alqahtani, Jaber S. Alrawashdeh, Ahmad Al-Rifai, Rami H. Alshahrani, Najim Z. Altartoor, Khaled Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed Aly, Hany Aly, Safwat Alzoubi, Karem H. Al-Zyoud, Walid Adnan Amhare, Abebe Feyissa Amu, Hubert Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi Anil, Abhishek Anvari, Saeid Anyabolo, Ekenedilichukwu Emmanuel Arabloo, Jalal Arafat, Mosab Areda, Demelash Aregawi, Brhane Berhe Aremu, Abdulfatai Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Aujayeb, Avinash Aynalem, Zewdu Bishaw Azadnajafabad, Sina Azzam, Ahmed Y. Badar, Muhammad Taghanaki, Pegah Bahrami Bahramian, Saeed Baig, Atif Amin Bajcetic, Milica Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar Banach, Maciej Bardhan, Mainak Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi Batra, Kavita Batra, Ravi Behnoush, Amir Hossein Beiranvand, Maryam Belete, Alemu Gedefie Belete, Melaku Ashagrie Beloukas, Apostolos Beran, Azizullah Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhargava, Ashish Bhat, Ajay Nagesh Bhuiyan, Mohiuddin Ahmed Bitra, Veera R. Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan Bogale, Eyob Ketema Boppana, Sri Harsha Borhany, Hamed Bouaoud, Souad Brown, Colin Stewart Buonsenso, Danilo Bustanji, Yasser Camera, Luis Alberto Casta Univ Washington Dept Hlth Metr Sci Sch Med Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Hlth Metr Sci Sch Med Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Pediat Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Global Hlth Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Epidemiol Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Appl Math Seattle WA USA Seattle Indian Hlth Board Urban Indian Hlth Inst Seattle WA USA Yale Univ Sch Med New Haven CT USA Yale Univ Dept Dermatol New Haven CT USA Yale Univ Dept Radiol & Biomed Imaging New Haven CT USA Yale Univ Dept Genet New Haven CT USA Mem Univ Dept Med St John NF Canada Univ Setif Algeria Dept Med Setif Algeria Dept Hlth Setif Algeria Debre Berhan Univ Pediat Nursing Dept Debre Berhan Ethiopia Debre Berhan Univ Sch Nursing & Midwifery Debre Berhan Ethiopia Madda Walabu Univ Dept Biostat Bale Robe Ethiopia Madda Walabu Univ Dept Pharm Bale Robe Ethiopia Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Dept Family & Community Hlth Ho Ghana Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Dept Epidemiol & Biostat Ho Ghana Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Inst Hlth Res Ho Ghana Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Dept Populat & Behav Sci Ho Ghana Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Dept Microbiol & Immunol Ho Ghana Univ Tehran Med Sci Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sch Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Sci Res Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Iranian Res Ctr HIV AIDS IRCHA Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Obstet & Gynecol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Hlth Emergencies & Disasters Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Pediat Cardiol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Tehran Heart Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Res Ctr Adv Technol Cardiovasc Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sina Trauma & Surg Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Iranian Res Ctr

Background Upper respiratory infections (URIs) are the leading cause of acute disease incidence worldwide and contribute to a substantial health-care burden. Although acute otitis media is a common complication of URI...

Background Upper respiratory infections (URIs) are the leading cause of acute disease incidence worldwide and contribute to a substantial health-care burden. Although acute otitis media is a common complication of URIs, the combined global burden of URIs and otitis media has not been studied comprehensively. We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 to explore the fatal and non-fatal burden of the two diseases across all age groups, including a granular analysis of children younger than 5 years, in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. Methods Mortality due to URIs and otitis media was estimated with use of vital registration and sample-based vital registration data, which are used as inputs to the Cause of Death Ensemble model to separately model URIs and otitis media mortality by age and sex. Morbidity was modelled with a Bayesian meta-regression tool using data from published studies identified via systematic reviews, population-based survey data, and cause-specific URI and otitis media mortality estimates. Additionally, we assessed and compared the burden of otitis media as it relates to URIs and examined the collective burden and contributing risk factors of both diseases. Findings The global number of new episodes of URIs was 12 center dot 8 billion (95% uncertainty interval 11 center dot 4 to 14 center dot 5) for all ages across males and females in 2021. The global all-age incidence rate of URIs decreased by 10 center dot 1% (-12 center dot 0 to -8 center dot 1) from 1990 to 2019. From 2019 to 2021, the global all-age incidence rate fell by 0 center dot 5% (-0 center dot 8 to -0 center dot 1). Globally, the incidence rate of URIs was 162 484 center dot 8 per 100 000 population (144 834 center dot 0 to 183 289 center dot 4) in 2021, a decrease of 10 center dot 5% (-12 center dot 4 to -8 center dot 4) from 1990, when the incidence rate was 181 552 center dot 5 per 100 000 population (160 827 center dot

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Diabetes mortality and trends before 25 years of age: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY 2022年第3期10卷 177-192页

作者： Cousin, Ewerton Duncan, Bruce B. Stein, Caroline Ong, Kanyin Liane Vos, Theo Abbafati, Cristiana Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abdelmasseh, Michael Abdoli, Amir Abd-Rabu, Rami Abolhassani, Hassan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Agarwal, Gina Agrawaal, Krishna K. Agudelo-Botero, Marcela Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Tauseef Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Sepideh Ahmadi, Ali Ahmed, Ali Salih, Yusra Ahmed Akande-Sholabi, Wuraola Akram, Tayyaba Al Hamad, Hanadi Al-Aly, Ziyad Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alipour, vahid Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amini, Saeed Ancuceanu, Robert Andrei, Tudorel Andrei, Catalina Liliana Anjana, Ranjit Mohan Ansar, Adnan Antonazzo, Ippazio Cosimo Antony, Benny Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Arabloo, Jalal Arizmendi, Damian Armocida, Benedetta Artamonov, Anton A. Arulappan, Judie Aryan, Zahra Asgari, Samaneh Ashraf, Tahira Astell-Burt, Thomas Atorkey, Prince Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Ayanore, Martin Amogre Badiye, Ashish D. Baig, Atif Amin Bairwa, Mohan Baker, Jennifer L. Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin Banik, Palash Chandra Barnett, Anthony Barone, Mark Thomaz Ugliara Barone-Adesi, Francesco Barrow, Amadou Bedi, Neeraj Belete, Rebuma Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal Bell, Arielle Wilder Bennett, Derrick A. Bensenor, Isabela M. Beran, David Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhaskar, Sonu Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S. Bijani, Ali Bikbov, Boris Birara, Setognal Bodolica, Virginia Bonny, Aime Brenner, Hermann Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Butt, Zahid A. dos Santos, Florentino Luciano Caetano Camera, Luis Alberto Campos-Nonato, Ismael R. Cao, Yin Cao, Chao Cerin, Ester Chakraborty, Promit Ananyo Chandan, Joht Singh Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chen, Simiao Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan Chowdhury, Enayet Karim Chu, Dinh-Toi Corso, Barbara dadras, Omid Dai, Xiaochen Damasceno, Albertino Antonio Moura Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Davila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto De Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Sch Med Dept Hlth Metr Sci Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Div Allergy & Infect Dis Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Postgrad Program Epidemiol Porto Alegre RS Brazil Univ Roma La Sapienza Dept Jurid & Econ Studies Rome Italy Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Sch Adv Technol Med Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Dept Epidemiol Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Prevent Metab Disorders Res Ctr Tehran Iran Marshall Univ Dept Surg Huntington WV USA Jahrom Univ Med Sci Zoonoses Res Ctr Jahrom Iran Mayo Clin Evidence Based Practice Ctr Rochester MN USA Mayo Clin Dept Cardiovasc Med Rochester MN USA Mayo Clin Div Endocrinol Rochester MN USA Univ Tehran Med Sci Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Iranian Res Ctr HIV AIDS IRCHA Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sch Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Epidemiol & Biostat Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Pediat Chron Kidney Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Students Sci Res Ctr SSRC Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sina Trauma & Surg Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Digest Dis Res Inst Tehran Iran Karolinska Univ Hosp Dept Biosci & Nutr Huddinge Sweden Univ Sharjah Dept Clin Sci Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Coll Med Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Dept Clin Sci Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Sharjah Inst Med Res Sharjah U Arab Emirates London Sch Hyg & Trop Med Dept Dis Control London England London Sch Hyg & Trop Med Dept Noncommunicable Dis Epidemiol London England Clin Res Inst Benin IRCB Dept Clin Res Abomey Calavi Benin Padjadjaran State Univ Fac Med Bandung Indonesia Univ Management & Technol Dept Life Sci Lahore Pakistan McMaster Univ Dept Family Med Hamilton ON Canada McMas

Background Diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes, at younger ages can be a largely preventable cause of death with the correct health care and services. We aimed to evaluate diabetes mortality and trends at ages youn...

Background Diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes, at younger ages can be a largely preventable cause of death with the correct health care and services. We aimed to evaluate diabetes mortality and trends at ages younger than 25 years globally using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Methods We used estimates of GBD 2019 to calculate international diabetes mortality at ages younger than 25 years in 1990 and 2019. Data sources for causes of death were obtained from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and other surveillance systems for 1990-2019. We estimated death rates for each location using the GBD Cause of Death Ensemble model. We analysed the association of age-standardised death rates per 100 000 population with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and a measure of universal health coverage (UHC) and described the variability within SDI quintiles. We present estimates with their 95% uncertainty intervals. Findings In 2019, 16 300 (95% uncertainty interval 14 200 to 18 900) global deaths due to diabetes (type 1 and 2 combined) occurred in people younger than 25 years and 73.7% (68.3 to 77.4) were classified as due to type 1 diabetes. The age-standardised death rate was 0.50 (0.44 to 0.58) per 100 000 population, and 15 900 (97.5%) of these deaths occurred in low to high-middle SDI countries. The rate was 0.13 (0.12 to 0.14) per 100 000 population in the high SDI quintile, 0.60 (0.51 to 0.70) per 100 000 population in the low-middle SDI quintile, and 0.71 (0.60 to 0.86) per 100 000 population in the low SDI quintile. Within SDI quintiles, we observed large variability in rates across countries, in part explained by the extent of UHC (r(2)=0.62). From 1990 to 2019, age-standardised death rates decreased globally by 17.0% (-28.4 to -2.9) for all diabetes, and by 21.0% (-33.0 to -5.9) when considering only type 1 diabetes. However, the low SDI quintile had the lowest decline for both all diabetes (-13.6% [-28

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Age-sex differences in the global burden of lower respiratory infections and risk factors, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022年第11期22卷 1626-1647页

作者： Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe Vongpradith, Avina Sirota, Sarah Brooke Novotney, Amanda Troeger, Christopher E. Doxey, Matthew C. Bender, Rose G. Ledesma, Jorge R. Biehl, Molly H. Albertson, Samuel B. Frostad, Joseph Jon Burkart, Katrin Bennitt, Fiona B. Zhao, Jeff T. Gardner, William M. Hagins, Hailey Bryazka, Dana Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva Abate, Semagn Mekonnen Abdelmasseh, Michael Abdoli, Amir Abdoli, Gholamreza Abedi, Aidin Abedi, Vida Abegaz, Tadesse M. Abidi, Hassan Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abtew, Yonas Derso Ali, Hiwa Abubaker Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Adamu, Kidist Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adegboye, Oyelola A. Adnan, Mohammad Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Saira Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Aqeel Ahmad, Araz Ramazan Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadi, Ali Ahmadi, Sepideh Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed, Jivan Qasim Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, Mostafa Al Hamad, Hanadi Albano, Luciana Aldeyab, Mamoon A. Alemu, Bezatu Mengistie Alene, Kefyalew Addis Algammal, Abdelazeem M. Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali, Liaqat Ali, Musa Mohammed Ali, Syed Shujait Alimohamadi, Yousef Alipour, vahid Al-Jumaily, Adel Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almustanyir, Sami Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Al-Rifai, Rami H. Hani AlRyalat, Saif Aldeen S. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J. Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Dehkordi, Javad Javad Aminian Amuasi, John H. Amugsi, Dickson A. Anbesu, Etsay Woldu Ansar, Adnan Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Arabloo, Jalal Areda, Demelash Argaw, Ayele Mamo Argaw, Zeleke Gebru Arulappan, Judie Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo Asemahagn, Mulusew A. Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Atlaw, Daniel Attia, Engi F. Attia, Sameh Aujayeb, Avinash Awoke, Tewachew Ayana, Tegegn Mulatu Ayanore, Martin Amogre Azadnajafabad, Sina Azangou-Khyavy, Mohammadreza Azari, Samad Jafari, Amirhossein Azari Badar, Muhammad Badiye, Ashish D. Baghcheghi, Nayereh Bagherieh, Sara Baig, Atif Amin Banach, Maciej Banerjee, Indrajit Bardhan, Mainak Barone-Adesi, Francesco Barqawi, Hiba Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Hlth Metr Sci Sch Med Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Div Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Div Allergy & Infect Dis Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Global Hlth Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Med Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA Seattle Indian Hlth Board Urban Indian Hlth Inst Seattle WA USA World Hlth Org Div Data Analyt & Delivery Impact Geneva Switzerland World Hlth Org Hlth Workforce Dept Geneva Switzerland Dilla Univ Dept Anesthesiol Addis Ababa Ethiopia Marshall Univ Dept Surg Huntington WV USA Jahrom Univ Med Sci Zoonoses Res Ctr Jahrom Iran Jahrom Univ Med Sci Dept Community Med Jahrom Iran Kermanshah Univ Med Sci Dept Epidemiol Kermanshah Iran Kermanshah Univ Med Sci Students Res Comm Kermanshah Iran Kermanshah Univ Med Sci Dept Physiol Kermanshah Iran Univ Southern Calif Dept Neurosurg Los Angeles CA 90007 USA Univ Southern Calif Keck Sch Med Los Angeles CA 90007 USA Univ Southern Calif Dept Radiol Los Angeles CA 90007 USA Univ Southern Calif Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informat Inst Los Angeles CA 90007 USA Geisinger Hlth Syst Dept Mol & Funct Genom Danville PA USA Virginia Tech Biocomplex Inst Blacksburg VA USA Univ Gondar Dept Clin Pharm Gondar Ethiopia Univ Gondar Dept Surg Nursing Gondar Ethiopia Univ Gondar Human Physiol Gondar Ethiopia Univ Gondar Inst Publ Hlth Gondar Ethiopia Univ Gondar Social & Adm Pharm Gondar Ethiopia Univ Gondar Dept Med Microbiol Gondar Ethiopia Florida A&M Univ Pharmacoecon & Hlth Outcomes Res Dept Tallahassee FL 32307 USA Yasuj Univ Med Sci Lab Technol Sci Dept Yasuj Iran Yasuj Univ Med Sci Dept Nursing Yasuj Iran Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Sch Publ Hlth Dept Family & Community Hlth Hohoe Ghana Univ Tehran Med Sci Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Epidemiol & Biostat Tehran

Background The global burden of lower respiratory infections (LRIs) and corresponding risk factors in children older than 5 years and adults has not been studied as comprehensively as it has been in children younger t...

Background The global burden of lower respiratory infections (LRIs) and corresponding risk factors in children older than 5 years and adults has not been studied as comprehensively as it has been in children younger than 5 years. We assessed the burden and trends of LRIs and risk factors across a groups by sex, for 204 countries and territories. Methods In this analysis of data for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we used dinician-diagnosed pneumonia or bronchiolitis as our case definition for LRIs. We included International Classification of Diseases 9th edition codes 079.6, 466-469, 470.0, 480-482.8, 483.0-483.9, 484.1-484.2, 484.6-484.7, and 487-489 and International Classification of Diseases 10th edition codes A48.1, A70, B97.4 B97.6, 109-115.8, J16 J16.9, J20-121.9, J91.0, P23.0 P23.4, and U04 U04.9. We used the Cause of Death Ensemble modelling strategy to analyse 23109 site-years of vital r *stration data, 825 site-years of sample vital registration data, 1766 site-years of verbal autopsy data, and 681 site-years of mortality surveillance data. We used DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian metaregression tool, to analyse age sex-specific incidence and prevalence data identified via systematic reviews of the literature, population-based survey data, and daims and inpatient data. Additio y, we estimated age sex-specific LRI mortality that is attributable to the independent effects of 14 risk factors. Findings Globally, in 2019, we estimated that there were 257 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 240-275) LRI incident episodes in males and 232 million (217-248) in females. In the same year, LRIs accounted for 1.30 million (95% UI 1.18-1.42) male deaths and 1.20 million (1.07-1.33) female deaths. Age-standardised incidence and mortality rates were 1.17 times (95% UI 1.16-1.18) and 1.31 times (95% UI 1.23-1.41) greater in males than in fe es in 2019. Between 1990 and 2019, LRI incidence and mortality rates declined at different r

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Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH 2022年第2期7卷 E105-E125页

作者： Nichols, Emma Steinmetz, Jaimie D. Vollset, Stein Emil Fukutaki, Kai Chalek, Julian Abd-Allah, Foad Abdoli, Amir Abualhasan, Ahmed Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Akram, Tayyaba Tayyaba Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Alipour, vahid Almustanyir, Sami Amu, Hubert Ansari, Iman Arabloo, Jalal Ashraf, Tahira Astell-Burt, Thomas Ayano, Getinet Ayuso-Mateos, Jose L. Baig, Atif Amin Barnett, Anthony Barrow, Amadou Baune, Bernhard T. Bejot, Yannick Bezabhe, Woldesellassie M. Mequanint Bezabih, Yihienew Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhaskar, Sonu Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bijani, Ali Biswas, Atanu Bolla, Srinivasa Rao Boloor, Archith Brayne, Carol Brenner, Hermann Burkart, Katrin Burns, Richard A. Camera, Luis Alberto Cao, Chao Carvalho, Felix Castro-de-Araujo, Luis F. S. Catala-Lopez, Ferran Cerin, Ester Chavan, Prachi P. Cherbuin, Nicolas Chu, Dinh-Toi Costa, Vera Marisa Couto, Rosa A. S. dadras, Omid Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi De La Cruz-Gongora, Vanessa Dhamnetiya, Deepak da Silva, Diana Dias Diaz, Daniel Douiri, Abdel Edvardsson, David Ekholuenetale, Michael El Sayed, Iman El-Jaafary, Shaimaa, I Eskandari, Khalil Eskandarieh, Sharareh Esmaeilnejad, Saman Fares, Jawad Faro, Andre Farooque, Umar Feigin, Valery L. Feng, Xiaoqi Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad Fernandes, Eduarda Ferrara, Pietro Filip, Irina Fillit, Howard Fischer, Florian Gaidhane, Shilpa Galluzzo, Lucia Ghashghaee, Ahmad Ghith, Nermin Gialluisi, Alessandro Gilani, Syed Amir Glavan, Ionela-Roxana Gnedovskaya, Elena, V Golechha, Mahaveer Gupta, Rajeev Gupta, Veer Bala Gupta, Vivek Kumar Haider, Mohammad Rifat Hall, Brian J. Hamidi, Samer Hanif, Asif Hankey, Graeme J. Haque, Shafiul Hartono, Risky Kusuma Hasaballah, Ahmed, I Hasan, M. Tasdik Hassan, Amr Hay, Simon, I Hayat, Khezar Hegazy, Mohamed, I Heidari, Golnaz Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza Herteliu, Claudiu Househ, Mowafa Hussain, Rabia Hwang, Bing-Fang Iacoviello, Licia Iavicoli, Ivo Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen Ilic, Irena M. Ilic, Milena D. Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi Is Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98105 USA Univ Washington Sch Med Prof Dept Hlth Metr Sci Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Neurol Seattle WA USA Cairo Univ Dept Neurol Cairo Egypt Jahrom Univ Med Sci Zoonosis Res Ctr Jahrom Iran Univ Sharjah Clin Sci Dept Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sci Malaysia Sch Math Sci George Town Malaysia Univ Sci Malaysia Sch Pharmaceut Sci George Town Malaysia Hamad Med Corp Geriatr & Long Term Care Dept Doha Qatar Hamad Med Corp Rumailah Hosp Doha Qatar Mayo Clinic Fdn Med Educ & Res Mayo Evidence Based Practice Ctr Rochester MN USA Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ Forens Med Div Dammam Saudi Arabia Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ Dept Pharmacol Dammam Saudi Arabia Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ Dammam Saudi Arabia Iran Univ Med Sci Hlth Management & Econ Res Ctr Tehran Iran Iran Univ Med Sci Dept Hlth Econ Tehran Iran Iran Univ Med Sci Student Res Comm Tehran Iran Iran Univ Med Sci Tehran Iran Alfaisal Univ Coll Med Riyadh Saudi Arabia Minist Hlth Riyadh Saudi Arabia Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Dept Populat AndBehav Sci Ho Ghana Shahed Univ Med Students Res Comm Tehran Iran Univ Lahore Univ Inst Radiol Sci & Med Imaging Technol Lahore Pakistan Univ Lahore Fac Allied Hlth Sci Lahore Pakistan Univ Lahore Univ Inst Publ Hlth Lahore Pakistan Univ Wollongong Sch Hlth & Soc Wollongong NSW Australia Univ Sydney Menzies Ctr Hlth Policy Sydney NSW Australia Univ Sydney Save Sight Inst Sydney NSW Australia Curtin Univ Sch Publ Hlth Perth WA Australia Autonomous Univ Madrid Dept Psychiat Madrid Spain Inst Hlth Carlos III CIBERSAM Madrid Spain Inst Hlth Carlos III Natl Sch Publ Hlth Madrid Spain Univ Sultan Zainal Abidin Unit Biochem Kuala Terengganu Malaysia Australian Catholic Univ Mary MacKillop Inst Hlth Res Melbourne Vic Australia Univ Gambia Dept Publ & Environm Hlth Brikama Gambia Minist Hlth Epidemiol & Dis Control Unit Kotu Gambia Univ Munster Dept Psychiat

Background Given the projected trends in population ageing and population growth, the number of people with dementia is expected to increase. In addition, strong evidence has emerged supporting the importance of poten...

Background Given the projected trends in population ageing and population growth, the number of people with dementia is expected to increase. In addition, strong evidence has emerged supporting the importance of potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia. Characterising the distribution and magnitude of anticipated growth is crucial for public health planning and resource prioritisation. This study aimed to improve on previous forecasts of dementia prevalence by producing country-level estimates and incorporating information on selected risk factors. Methods We forecasted the prevalence of dementia attributable to the three dementia risk factors included in the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 (high body-mass index, high fasting plasma glucose, and smoking) from 2019 to 2050, using relative risks and forecasted risk factor prevalence to predict GBD risk-attributable prevalence in 2050 globally and by world region and country. Using linear regression models with education included as an additional predictor, we then forecasted the prevalence of dementia not attributable to GBD risks. To assess the relative contribution of future trends in GBD risk factors, education, population growth, and population ageing, we did a decomposition analysis. Findings We estimated that the number of people with dementia would increase from 57middot4 (95% uncertainty interval 50middot4-65middot1) million cases globally in 2019 to 152middot8 (130middot8-175middot9) million cases in 2050. Despite large increases in the projected number of people living with dementia, age-standardised both-sex prevalence remained stable between 2019 and 2050 (global percentage change of 0middot1% [-7middot5 to 10middot8]). We estimated that there were more women with dementia than men with dementia globally in 2019 (female-to-male ratio of 1middot69 [1middot64-1middot73]), and we expect this pattern to continue to 2050 (female-to-male ratio of 1middot67 [1middot5

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