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Global, regional, and national burden of upper respiratory infections and otitis media, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2025年第1期25卷 36-51页

作者： Kyu, Hmwe H. Sirota, Sarah Brooke Doxey, Matthew C. Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva Bender, Rose Grace Vongpradith, Avina Albertson, Samuel B. Novotney, Amanda Burkart, Katrin Carter, Austin Abdi, Parsa Abdoun, Meriem Abebe, Ayele Mamo Abegaz, Kedir Hussein Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abreu, Lucas Guimaraes Abualruz, Hasan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Aburuz, Salahdein Adane, Mesafint Molla Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adekanmbi, Victor Estiningtyas, Qorinah Adnani, Sakilah Adzigbli, Leticia Akua Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Saira Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed, Syed Anees Akinosoglou, Karolina Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed Al Awaidy, Salah Alalalmeh, Samer O. Albashtawy, Mohammed AlBataineh, Mohammad T. Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Naji Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Abid Ali, Liaqat Ali, Mohammed Usman Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Waad Almazan, Joseph Uy Alqahtani, Jaber S. Alrawashdeh, Ahmad Al-Rifai, Rami H. Alshahrani, Najim Z. Altartoor, Khaled Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed Aly, Hany Aly, Safwat Alzoubi, Karem H. Al-Zyoud, Walid Adnan Amhare, Abebe Feyissa Amu, Hubert Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi Anil, Abhishek Anvari, Saeid Anyabolo, Ekenedilichukwu Emmanuel Arabloo, Jalal Arafat, Mosab Areda, Demelash Aregawi, Brhane Berhe Aremu, Abdulfatai Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Aujayeb, Avinash Aynalem, Zewdu Bishaw Azadnajafabad, Sina Azzam, Ahmed Y. Badar, Muhammad Taghanaki, Pegah Bahrami Bahramian, Saeed Baig, Atif Amin Bajcetic, Milica Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar Banach, Maciej Bardhan, Mainak Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi Batra, Kavita Batra, Ravi Behnoush, Amir Hossein Beiranvand, Maryam Belete, Alemu Gedefie Belete, Melaku Ashagrie Beloukas, Apostolos Beran, Azizullah Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhargava, Ashish Bhat, Ajay Nagesh Bhuiyan, Mohiuddin Ahmed Bitra, Veera R. Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan Bogale, Eyob Ketema Boppana, Sri Harsha Borhany, Hamed Bouaoud, Souad Brown, Colin Stewart Buonsenso, Danilo Bustanji, Yasser Camera, Luis Alberto Casta Univ Washington Dept Hlth Metr Sci Sch Med Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Hlth Metr Sci Sch Med Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Pediat Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Global Hlth Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Epidemiol Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Appl Math Seattle WA USA Seattle Indian Hlth Board Urban Indian Hlth Inst Seattle WA USA Yale Univ Sch Med New Haven CT USA Yale Univ Dept Dermatol New Haven CT USA Yale Univ Dept Radiol & Biomed Imaging New Haven CT USA Yale Univ Dept Genet New Haven CT USA Mem Univ Dept Med St John NF Canada Univ Setif Algeria Dept Med Setif Algeria Dept Hlth Setif Algeria Debre Berhan Univ Pediat Nursing Dept Debre Berhan Ethiopia Debre Berhan Univ Sch Nursing & Midwifery Debre Berhan Ethiopia Madda Walabu Univ Dept Biostat Bale Robe Ethiopia Madda Walabu Univ Dept Pharm Bale Robe Ethiopia Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Dept Family & Community Hlth Ho Ghana Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Dept Epidemiol & Biostat Ho Ghana Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Inst Hlth Res Ho Ghana Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Dept Populat & Behav Sci Ho Ghana Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Dept Microbiol & Immunol Ho Ghana Univ Tehran Med Sci Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sch Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Sci Res Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Iranian Res Ctr HIV AIDS IRCHA Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Obstet & Gynecol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Hlth Emergencies & Disasters Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Pediat Cardiol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Tehran Heart Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Res Ctr Adv Technol Cardiovasc Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sina Trauma & Surg Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Iranian Res Ctr

Background Upper respiratory infections (URIs) are the leading cause of acute disease incidence worldwide and contribute to a substantial health-care burden. Although acute otitis media is a common complication of URI...

Background Upper respiratory infections (URIs) are the leading cause of acute disease incidence worldwide and contribute to a substantial health-care burden. Although acute otitis media is a common complication of URIs, the combined global burden of URIs and otitis media has not been studied comprehensively. We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 to explore the fatal and non-fatal burden of the two diseases across all age groups, including a granular analysis of children younger than 5 years, in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. Methods Mortality due to URIs and otitis media was estimated with use of vital registration and sample-based vital registration data, which are used as inputs to the Cause of Death Ensemble model to separately model URIs and otitis media mortality by age and sex. Morbidity was modelled with a Bayesian meta-regression tool using data from published studies identified via systematic reviews, population-based survey data, and cause-specific URI and otitis media mortality estimates. Additionally, we assessed and compared the burden of otitis media as it relates to URIs and examined the collective burden and contributing risk factors of both diseases. Findings The global number of new episodes of URIs was 12 center dot 8 billion (95% uncertainty interval 11 center dot 4 to 14 center dot 5) for all ages across males and females in 2021. The global all-age incidence rate of URIs decreased by 10 center dot 1% (-12 center dot 0 to -8 center dot 1) from 1990 to 2019. From 2019 to 2021, the global all-age incidence rate fell by 0 center dot 5% (-0 center dot 8 to -0 center dot 1). Globally, the incidence rate of URIs was 162 484 center dot 8 per 100 000 population (144 834 center dot 0 to 183 289 center dot 4) in 2021, a decrease of 10 center dot 5% (-12 center dot 4 to -8 center dot 4) from 1990, when the incidence rate was 181 552 center dot 5 per 100 000 population (160 827 center dot

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Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by diabetic retinopathy: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020

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EYE 2024年第11期38卷 2047-2057页

作者： Curran, Katie Peto, Tunde Jonas, Jost B. Friedman, David Kim, Judy E. Leasher, Janet Tapply, Ian Fernandes, Arthur G. Cicinelli, Maria Vittoria Arrigo, Alessandro Leveziel, Nicolas Resnikoff, Serge Taylor, Hugh R. Sedighi, Tabassom Flaxman, Seth Bikbov, Mukkharram M. Braithwaite, Tasanee Bron, Alain Cheng, Ching-Yu Del Monte, Monte A. Ehrlich, Joshua R. Furtado, Joao M. Gazzard, Gus Hartnett, M. Elizabeth Kahloun, Rim Kempen, John H. Khairallah, Moncef Khanna, Rohit C. Lansingh, Van Charles Naidoo, Kovin S. Nangia, Vinay Nowak, Michal Pesudovs, Konrad Ramulu, Pradeep Topouzis, Fotis Tsilimbaris, Mitiadis Wang, Ya Xing Wang, Ningli Bourne, Rupert R. A. Curran, Katie Peto, Tunde Bourne, Rupert Leasher, Janet L. Jonas, Jost B. Sedighi, Tabassom Friedman, David S. Kim, Judy E. Fernandes, Arthur G. Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmadieh, Hamid Ahmed, Ayman Alfaar, Ahmad Samir Almidani, Louay Amu, Hubert Androudi, Sofia Arabloo, Jalal Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Asemu, Mulu Tiruneh Azzam, Ahmed Y. Baghcheghi, Nayereh Bailey, Freddie Baran, Mehmet Firat Bardhan, Mainak Barnighausen, Till Winfried Barrow, Amadou Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bikbov, Mukharram Braithwaite, Tasanee Briant, Paul Svitil Burkart, Katrin Camera, Luis Alberto Coberly, Kaleb dadras, Omid Dai, Xiaochen Dehghan, Amin Demessa, Berecha Hundessa Diress, Mengistie Thanh Chi Do Thao Huynh Phuong Do Dokova, Klara Georgieva Duncan, Bruce B. Ekholuenetale, Michael Elhadi, Muhammed Emamian, Mohammad Hassan Emamverdi, Mehdi Farrokhpour, Hossein Fatehizadeh, Ali Desideri, Lorenzo Ferro Furtado, Joao M. Gebrehiwot, Mesfin Ghassemi, Fariba Gudeta, Mesay Dechasa Gupta, Sapna Gupta, Veer Bala Gupta, Vivek Kumar Hammond, Billy Randall Harorani, Mehdi Hasani, Hamidreza Heidari, Golnaz Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Huang, John J. Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Javadi, Nilofer Jimenez-Corona, Aida Jokar, Mohammad Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma Kadashetti, Vidya Kandel, Himal Kasraei, Hengameh Kaur, Rimple Jeet Khanal, Sudarshan Khorrami, Zahra Koohestani, Hamid Reza Krishan, Kewal Lim, Stephen S. Abd El Queens Univ Belfast Ctr Publ Hlth Belfast Antrim North Ireland Heidelberg Univ Med Fac Mannheim Dept Ophthalmol Heidelberg Germany Harvard Med Sch Mass Eye & Ear Boston MA USA Univ Texas Southwestern Med Ctr Dallas Dallas TX USA Nova Southeastern Univ Coll Optometry Ft Lauderdale FL USA Cambridge Univ Hosp Dept Ophthalmol Cambridge England Fed Univ Sao Paolo Sao Paulo SP Brazil Univ Calgary Calgary AB Canada Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele Sch Med Milan Italy IRCCS San Raffaele Sci Inst Dept Ophthalmol Milan Italy Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele Sci Inst San Raffaele Hosp Milan Italy Univ Poitiers Poitiers France CHU Poitiers Poitiers France Brien Holden Vis Inst Sydney NSW Australia Univ New South Wales Sch Optometry & Vis Sci Fac Med Sydney NSW Australia Univ Melbourne Sch Populat & Global Hlth Carlton Vic Australia Anglia Ruskin Univ Vis & Eye Res Inst Cambridge England Univ Oxford Dept Comp Sci Oxford England Ufa Eye Res Inst Ufa Russia Kings Coll London Sch Life Course & Populat Sci London England Guys & St Thomas NHS Fdn Trust Med Eye Unit London England Univ Hosp Dijon France Natl Univ Singapore Singapore Singapore Singapore Eye Res Inst Singapore Singapore Univ Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Kellogg Eye Ctr Ann Arbor MI USA Univ Michigan Inst Social Res Ann Arbor MI USA Univ Michigan Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci Ann Arbor MI USA Univ Sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto Med Sch Sao Paulo Brazil UCL Inst Ophthalmol London England NIHR Biomed Res Ctr London England Stanford Univ Stanford CA USA Associated Ophthalmol Monastir Monastir Tunisia Harvard Univ Dept Ophthalmol Boston MA USA MyungSung Med Coll Eye Unit Addis Ababa Ethiopia Addis Ababa Univ Dept Ophthalmol Addis Ababa Ethiopia Sight Souls Bellevue WA USA Univ Monastir Fattouma Bourguiba Univ Hosp Monastir Tunisia LV Prasad Eye Inst Gullapalli Pratibha Rao Int Ctr Adv Rural Eye Car Allen Foster Community Eye Hlth Res Ctr Hyderabad India LV Prasad Eye Inst Brien H

OBJECTIVES: To estimate global and regional trends from 2000 to 2020 of the number of persons visually impaired by diabetic retinopathy and their proportion of the total number of vision-impaired individuals. METHODS:... 详细信息

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Global, regional, and national prevalence of child and adolescent overweight and obesity, 1990–2021, with forecasts to 2050: a forecasting study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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The Lancet 2025年第10481期405卷 785-812页

作者： Kerr, Jessica A Patton, George C Cini, Karly I Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abbas, Nasir Abd Al Magied, Abdallah H A Abd ElHafeez, Samar Abd-Elsalam, Sherief Abdollahi, Arash Abdoun, Meriem Abdulah, Deldar Morad Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdullahi, Auwal Abeywickrama, Hansani Madushika Abie, Alemwork Abiodun, Olumide Abohashem, Shady Abtahi, Dariush Abualruz, Hasan Abubakar, Bilyaminu Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abukhadijah, Hana J Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME Aburuz, Salahdein Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Adams, Lisa C. Adane, Mesafint Molla Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adedokun, Kamoru Ademola Adegoke, Nurudeen A Adesola, Ridwan Olamilekan Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther Adiga, Usha Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afify, Abdelrahman Yousry Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Saira Agampodi, Suneth Buddhika Aghamiri, Shahin Agostinis Sobrinho, César Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahlstrom, Austin J Ahmad, Aqeel Ahmad, Danish Ahmad, Fuzail Ahmad, Muayyad M Ahmad, Noah Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed, Luai A Ahmed, Meqdad Saleh Ahmed, Meqdad Saleh Ahmed, Syed Anees Ajami, Marjan Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed Akrami, Ashley E Al Hamad, Hanadi Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz Al Ta'ani, Zain Al Thaher, Yazan Alalwan, Tariq A Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Khurshid Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa Alansari, Amani Al-Ashwal, Fahmi Y. Albashtawy, Mohammed Alemayehu, Bezawit Abeje Algammal, Abdelazeem M Alhabib, Khalid F Alhuwail, Dari Ali, Abid Ali, Endale Alemayehu Ali, Mohammad Daud Ali, Mohammed Usman Ali, Rafat Ali, Waad Alif, Sheikh Mohammad Alimohamadi, Yousef Al-Jabi, Samah W Aljofan, Mohamad Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Alkhatib, Ahmad Almahmeed, Wael Al-Marwani, Sabah Alomari, Mahmoud A Alqahtani, Saleh A Alqarni, Abdullah A Alrawashdeh, Ahmad Alrimawi, Intima Alrousan, Sahel Majed Alshahrani, Najim Z Altaany, Zaid Altaf, Awais Alvi, Farrukh Jawad Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Al-Wardat, Mohammad Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed Aly, Hany Aly, Safwat Alzoubi, Karem H Aman Mohammadi, Masoud Amera, Tewodros Getnet Amiri,

Background: Despite the well documented consequences of obesity during childhood and adolescence and future risks of excess body mass on non-communicable diseases in adulthood, coordinated global action on excess body...

Background: Despite the well documented consequences of obesity during childhood and adolescence and future risks of excess body mass on non-communicable diseases in adulthood, coordinated global action on excess body mass in early life is still insufficient. Inconsistent measurement and reporting are a barrier to specific targets, resource allocation, and interventions. In this Article we report current estimates of overweight and obesity across childhood and adolescence, progress over time, and forecasts to inform specific actions. Methods: Using established methodology from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021, we modelled overweight and obesity across childhood and adolescence from 1990 to 2021, and then forecasted to 2050. Primary data for our models included 1321 unique measured and self-reported anthropometric data sources from 180 countries and territories from survey microdata, reports, and published literature. These data were used to estimate age-standardised global, regional, and national overweight prevalence and obesity prevalence (separately) for children and young adolescents (aged 5–14 years, typically in school and cared for by child health services) and older adolescents (aged 15–24 years, increasingly out of school and cared for by adult services) by sex for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. Prevalence estimates from 1990 to 2021 were generated using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression models, which leveraged temporal and spatial correlation in epidemiological trends to ensure comparability of results across time and geography. Prevalence forecasts from 2022 to 2050 were generated using a generalised ensemble modelling approach assuming continuation of current trends. For every age-sex-location population across time (1990–2050), we estimated obesity (vs overweight) predominance using the log ratio of obesity percentage to overweight percentage. Findings: Between 1990 and 2021, the combined pr

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Global, regional, and national prevalence of adult overweight and obesity, 1990–2021, with forecasts to 2050: a forecasting study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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The Lancet 2025年第10481期405卷 813-838页

作者： Ng, Marie Gakidou, Emmanuela Lo, Justin Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abbafati, Cristiana Abbas, Nasir Abbasian, Mohammadreza Abd ElHafeez, Samar Abdel-Rahman, Wael M Abd-Elsalam, Sherief Abdollahi, Arash Abdoun, Meriem Abdulah, Deldar Morad Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdullahi, Auwal Abedi, Armita Abeywickrama, Hansani Madushika Abie, Alemwork Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abohashem, Shady Abtahi, Dariush Abualruz, Hasan Abubakar, Bilyaminu Abu Farha, Rana Kamal Abukhadijah, Hana J Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME Aburuz, Salahdein Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Adams, Lisa C Adane, Mesafint Molla Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adedokun, Kamoru Ademola Adegoke, Nurudeen A Adepoju, Abiola Victor Victor Adesola, Ridwan Olamilekan Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther Adiga, Usha Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afaghi, Siamak Afzal, Saira Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Agampodi, Thilini Chanchala Aghamiri, Shahin Agostinis Sobrinho, César Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahlstrom, Austin J Ahmad, Danish Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Aqeel Ahmad, Muayyad M Ahmad, Fuzail Ahmad, Noah Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Mehrunnisha Sharif Ahmed, Mehrunnisha Sharif Ahmed, Syed Anees Ajami, Marjan Akhtar, Samina Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed Akrami, Ashley E Alalwan, Tariq A Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Khurshid Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa Alansari, Amani Al-Ashwal, Fahmi Y Albashtawy, Mohammed Aldhaleei, Wafa A Alemayehu, Bezawit Abeje Algammal, Abdelazeem M Alhabib, Khalid F Al Hamad, Hanadi Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz Alhuwail, Dari Ali, Rafat Ali, Abid Ali, Waad Ali, Mohammed Usman Alif, Sheikh Mohammad Al-Jabi, Samah W Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Alkhatib, Ahmad Al-Marwani, Sabah Alomari, Mahmoud A Alqahtani, Saleh A Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M Mohammad Alrawashdeh, Ahmad Alrimawi, Intima Alrousan, Sahel Majed Alshahrani, Najim Z Al Ta'ani, Omar Al Ta'ani, Zain Altaany, Zaid Altaf, Awais Al Thaher, Yazan Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Al-Wardat, Mohammad Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed Aly, Safwat Aly, Hany Alzahrani, Hosam Alzoubi, Abdallah Alzoubi, Karem H Al-Zubayer, Md. Akib Amiri, Sohrab Amu, Hubert Amugsi, Dickson A

Background: Overweight and obesity is a global epidemic. Forecasting future trajectories of the epidemic is crucial for providing an evidence base for policy change. In this study, we examine the historical trends of ...

Background: Overweight and obesity is a global epidemic. Forecasting future trajectories of the epidemic is crucial for providing an evidence base for policy change. In this study, we examine the historical trends of the global, regional, and national prevalence of adult overweight and obesity from 1990 to 2021 and forecast the future trajectories to 2050. Methods: Leveraging established methodology from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study, we estimated the prevalence of overweight and obesity among individuals aged 25 years and older by age and sex for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2050. Retrospective and current prevalence trends were derived based on both self-reported and measured anthropometric data extracted from 1350 unique sources, which include survey microdata and reports, as well as published literature. Specific adjustment was applied to correct for self-report bias. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression models were used to synthesise data, leveraging both spatial and temporal correlation in epidemiological trends, to optimise the comparability of results across time and geographies. To generate forecast estimates, we used forecasts of the Socio-demographic Index and temporal correlation patterns presented as annualised rate of change to inform future trajectories. We considered a reference scenario assuming the continuation of historical trends. Findings: Rates of overweight and obesity increased at the global and regional levels, and in all nations, between 1990 and 2021. In 2021, an estimated 1·00 billion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 0·989–1·01) adult males and 1·11 billion (1·10–1·12) adult females had overweight and obesity. China had the largest population of adults with overweight and obesity (402 million [397–407] individuals), followed by India (180 million [167–194]) and the USA (172 million [169–174]). The highest age-standardised prevalence of overweight and obesity was observed in countries in

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Global, regional, and national burden of colorectal cancer and its risk factors, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY 2022年第7期7卷 627-647页

作者： Sharma, Rajesh Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abd-Rabu, Rami Abidi, Hassan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Acuna, Juan Manuel Adhikari, Sangeet Advani, Shailesh M. Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Meybodi, Mohamad Aghaie Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadi, Ali Ahmadi, Sepideh Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed, Luai A. Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Alanzi, Turki M. Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji Alimohamadi, Yousef Alipour, vahid Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Alkhayyat, Motasem Almustanyir, Sami Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Alvand, Saba Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amini, Saeed Ancuceanu, Robert Anoushiravani, Amir Anoushirvani, Ali Arash Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza Arabloo, Jalal Aryannejad, Armin Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asghari Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Ausloos, Floriane Ausloos, Marcel Awedew, Atalel Fentahun Awoke, Mamaru Ayenew Ayana, Tegegn Mulatu Azadnajafabad, Sina Azami, Hiva Azangou-Khyavy, Mohammadreza Jafari, Amirhossein Azari Badiye, Ashish D. Bagherieh, Sara Bahadory, Saeed Baig, Atif Amin Baker, Jennifer L. Banach, Maciej Barrow, Amadou Berhie, Alemshet Yirga Besharat, Sima Bhagat, Devidas S. Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhala, Neeraj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S. Bibi, Sadia Bijani, Ali Biondi, Antonio Bjorge, Tone Bodicha, Belay Boda Abule Braithwaite, Dejana Brenner, Hermann Calina, Daniela Cao, Chao Cao, Yin Carreras, Giulia Carvalho, Felix Cerin, Ester Chakinala, Raja Chandra Cho, William C. S. Chu, Dinh-Toi Conde, Joao Costa, Vera Marisa Cruz-Martins, Natalia dadras, Omid Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Danielewicz, Anna Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen Demissie, Getu Debalkie Desai, Rupak Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Didehdar, Mojtaba Doaei, Saeid Doan, Linh Phuong Dodangeh, Milad Eghbalian, Fatemeh Ejeta, Debela Debela Ekholuenetale, Michael Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus El Sayed, Iman Elhadi, Muhammed Enyew, Daniel Berhanie Eyayu, Tahir Ezzeddini, Rana Fakhradiyev, Ildar Ravisovich Farooque, Umar Farrokhpour, Hossein Farzadfar, Farshad Fatehizadeh, Ali Fattah Delhi Technol Univ Univ Sch Management & Entrepreneurship New Delhi 110095 India Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Dept Epidemiol Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Sch Adv Technol Med Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Dept Community Nutr Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Canc Res Ctr Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Dept Pharmacol Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Obes Res Ctr Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Dept Hlth & Community Med Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Gastroenterol & Liver Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Med Genet Genom Res Ctr Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Phytochem Res Ctr Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Med Eth & Law Res Ctr Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Tehran Iran Mayo Clin Evidence Based Practice Ctr Rochester MN USA Yasuj Univ Med Sci Lab Technol Sci Dept Yasuj Iran Yasuj Univ Med Sci Dept Nursing Yasuj Iran Univ Sharjah Clin Sci Dept Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Coll Med Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Sharjah Inst Med Res Sharjah U Arab Emirates Khalifa Univ Dept Epidemiol & Populat Hlth Abu Dhabi U Arab Emirates Florida Int Univ FIU Robert Stempel Coll Publ Hlth & Social Work Miami FL 33199 USA Florida Int Univ Dept Epidemiol Miami FL 33199 USA Arizona State Univ Biodesign Ctr Environm Hlth Engn Tempe AZ USA Terasaki Inst Biomed Innovat Los Angeles CA USA Georgetown Univ Sch Med Washington DC USA Univ Management & Technol Dept Life Sci Lahore Pakistan Univ Management & Technol Sch Sci Lahore Pakistan Rutgers State Univ Dept Med Newark NJ USA Univ Technol Sydney Australian Ctr Publ & Populat Hlth Res ACPPHR Sydney NSW Australia Abasyn Univ Dept Hlth & Biol Sci Peshawar Pakistan Shahrekord Univ Med Sci Dept Epidemiol & Biostat Shahrekord Iran COMSATS Inst Informat Technol Dept Biosci Islamabad Pakistan United A

Background Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Given the recent increasing trends in colorectal cancer incidence globally, up-to-date information on the colorectal cancer burden co...

Background Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Given the recent increasing trends in colorectal cancer incidence globally, up-to-date information on the colorectal cancer burden could guide screening, early detection, and treatment strategies, and help effectively allocate resources. We examined the temporal patterns of the global, regional, and national burden of colorectal cancer and its risk factors in 204 countries and territories across the past three decades. Methods Estimates of incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for colorectal cancer were generated as a part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 by age, sex, and geographical location for the period 1990-2019. Mortality estimates were produced using the cause of death ensemble model. We also calculated DALYs attributable to risk factors that had evidence of causation with colorectal cancer. Findings Globally, between 1990 and 2019, colorectal cancer incident cases more than doubled, from 842 098 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 810 408-868 574) to 2.17 million (2.00-2.34), and deaths increased from 518 126 (493 682-537 877) to 1.09 million (1.02-1.15). The global age-standardised incidence rate increased from 22.2 (95% UI 21.3-23.0) per 100 000 to 26.7 (24.6-28.9) per 100 000, whereas the age-standardised mortality rate decreased from 14.3 (13.5-14.9) per 100 000 to 13.7 (12.6-14.5) per 100 000 and the age-standardised DALY rate decreased from 308.5 (294.7-320.7) per 100 000 to 295.5 (275.2-313.0) per 100 000 from 1990 through 2019. Taiwan (province of China;62.0 [48.9-80.0] per 100 000), Monaco (60.7 [48.5-73.6] per 100 000), and Andorra (56.6 [42.8-71.9] per 100 000) had the highest age-standardised incidence rates, while Greenland (31.4 [26.0-37.1] per 100 000), Brunei (30.3 [26.6-34.1] per 100 000), and Hungary (28.6 [23.6-34.0] per 100 000) had the highest age-standardised mortality rates. From 1990 th

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Global, regional, and national burden of rheumatoid arthritis, 1990-2020, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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LANCET RHEUMATOLOGY 2023年第10期5卷 E594-E610页

作者： Black, Rachel J. Cross, Marita Haile, Lydia M. Culbreth, Garland Steinmetz, Jaimie Hagins, Hailey Kopec, Jacek A. Brooks, Peter M. Woolf, Anthony Ong, Kanyin Liane Kopansky-Giles, Deborah R. Dreinhoefer, Karsten E. Betteridge, Neil Aali, Amirali Abbasifard, Mitra Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abdurehman, Ame Mehadi Abedi, Aidin Abidi, Hassan Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Adamu, Kidist Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adesina, Miracle Ayomikun Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Ahmed, Ayman Aithala, Janardhana P. Akhlaghdoust, Meisam Alemayehu, Astawus Alvand, Saba Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J. Amu, Hubert Antony, Benny Arabloo, Jalal Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Arulappan, Judie Ashraf, Tahira Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Azadnajafabad, Sina Badawi, Alaa Baghcheghi, Nayereh Baig, Atif Amin Balta, Asaminew Birhanu Banach, Maciej Banik, Palash Chandra Barrow, Amadou Bashiri, Azadeh Bearne, Lindsay M. Bekele, Alehegn Bensenor, Isabela M. Berhie, Alemshet Yirga Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhat, Ajay Nagesh Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S. Bitaraf, Saeid Bodicha, Belay Boda Abule Botelho, Joao Silva Briggs, Andrew M. Buchbinder, Rachelle Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A. Charalampous, Periklis Chattu, Vijay Kumar Coberly, Kaleb Cruz-Martins, Natalia dadras, Omid Dai, Xiaochen de Luca, Katie Dessalegn, Fikadu Nugusu Dessie, Gashaw Dhimal, Meghnath Digesa, Lankamo Ena Diress, Mengistie Doku, Paul Narh Edinur, Hisham Atan Ekholuenetale, Michael Elhadi, Muhammed El-Sherbiny, Yasser Mohamed Etaee, Farshid Ezzeddini, Rana Faghani, Shahriar Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Fukumoto, Takeshi Ganesan, Balasankar Gebremichael, Mathewos Alemu Gerema, Urge Getachew, Motuma Erena Ghashghaee, Ahmad Gill, Tiffany K. Gupta, Bhawna Gupta, Sapna Gupta, Veer Bala Gupta, Vivek Kumar Halwani, Rabih Hannan, Md Abdul Haque, Shafiul Harlianto, Netanja, I Harorani, Mehdi Hasaballah, Ahmed, I Hassen, Mohammed Bheser Hay, Simon, I Hayat, Khezar Heidari, Golnaz Hezam, Kamal Hill, Catherine L. Hiraike, Y Royal Adelaide Hosp Rheumatol Unit Adelaide SA Australia Queen Elizabeth Hosp Rheumatol Unit Woodville SA Australia Queen Elizabeth Hosp Dept Rheumatol Woodville SA Australia Univ Sydney Fac Med & Hlth Sydney NSW Australia Univ Sydney Sydney Med Sch Sydney NSW Australia Univ Sydney Save Sight Inst Sydney NSW Australia Global Alliance Musculoskeletal Hlth Sydney NSW Australia Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Appl Math Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Sch Med Dept Hlth Metr Sci Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ British Columbia Sch Populat & Publ Hlth Vancouver BC Canada Arthrit Res Canada Richmond BC Canada Univ Melbourne Ctr Hlth Policy Melbourne Vic Australia Royal Cornwall Hosp Bone & Joint Res Grp Truro England Univ Toronto Global Alliance Musculoskeletal Hlth Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Dept Family & Community Med Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Dept Nutr Sci Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Temerty Fac Med Toronto ON Canada Canadian Mem Chiropract Coll Dept Res & Innovat Toronto ON Canada Charite Med Univ Berlin Ctr Musculoskeletal Surg Berlin Germany Charite Med Univ Berlin Inst Publ Hlth Berlin Germany Mashhad Univ Med Sci Fac Med Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Appl Biomed Res Ctr Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Biotechnol Res Ctr Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci Dept Internal Med Rafsanjan Iran Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci Clin Res Dev Unit Rafsanjan Iran Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci Dept Med Biochem Rafsanjan Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Liver & Pancreatobiliary Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Interdisciplinary Neurosci Res Program Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Childrens Med Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Endocrinol & Metab Res Inst Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept

Background Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease associated with disability and premature death. Up-to-date estimates of the burden of rheumatoid arthritis are required for health-care plan...

Background Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease associated with disability and premature death. Up-to-date estimates of the burden of rheumatoid arthritis are required for health-care planning, resource allocation, and prevention. As part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021, we provide updated estimates of the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis and its associated deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) by age, sex, year, and location, with forecasted prevalence to 2050. Methods Rheumatoid arthritis prevalence was estimated in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020 using Bayesian meta-regression models and data from population-based studies and medical claims data (98 prevalence and 25 incidence studies). Mortality was estimated from vital registration data with the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm). Years of life lost (YLL) were calculated with use of standard GBD lifetables, and years lived with disability (YLDs) were estimated from prevalence, a meta-analysed distribution of rheumatoid arthritis severity, and disability weights. DALYs were calculated by summing YLLs and YLDs. Smoking was the only risk factor analysed. Rheumatoid arthritis prevalence was forecast to 2050 by logistic regression with Socio-Demographic Index as a predictor, then multiplying by projected population estimates. Findings In 2020, an estimated 17.6 million (95% uncertainty interval 15.8-20.3) people had rheumatoid arthritis worldwide. The age-standardised global prevalence rate was 208.8 cases (186.8-241.1) per 100 000 population, representing a 14.1% (12.7-15.4) increase since 1990. Prevalence was higher in females (age-standardised female-to-male prevalence ratio 2.45 [2.40-2.47]). The age-standardised death rate was 0.47 (0.41-0.54) per 100 000 population (38 300 global deaths [33 500-44 000]), a 23.8% (17.5-29.3) decrease from 1990 to 2020. The 2020 DALY count was 3 060 000 (2 320 000-3 860 00

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Global, regional, and national sex differences in the global burden of tuberculosis by HIV status, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022年第2期22卷 222-241页

作者： Ledesma, Jorge R. Ma, Jianing Vongpradith, Avina Maddison, Emilie R. Novotney, Amanda Biehl, Molly H. LeGrand, Kate E. Ross, Jennifer M. Jahagirdar, Deepa Bryazka, Dana Feldman, Rachel Abolhassani, Hassan Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Saira Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad Ahmadi, Sepideh Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Salih, Yusra Ahmed Aklilu, Addis Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Alemayehu, Yosef Alene, Kefyalew Addis Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali, Liaqat Alipour, vahid Alizade, Hesam Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amini, Saeed Amit, Arianna Maever L. Anderson, Jason A. Androudi, Sofia Antonio, Carl Abelardo T. Antony, Catherine M. Anwer, Razique Arabloo, Jalal Arja, Asrat Asemahagn, Mulusew A. Atre, Sachin R. Azhar, Gulrez Shah Darshan, B. B. Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din Baig, Atif Amin Banach, Maciej Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat Barra, Fabio Barrow, Amadou Basu, Sanjay Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bijani, Ali Bikbov, Boris Boloor, Archith Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Buonsenso, Danilo Nagaraja, Sharath Burugina Butt, Zahid A. Carter, Austin Carvalho, Felix Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Christopher, Devasahayam J. Chu, Dinh-Toi Claassens, Mareli M. dadras, Omid Dagnew, Amare Belachew Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz Darwesh, Aso Mohammad Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Linh Phuong Doan Eftekharzadeh, Sahar Elhadi, Muhammed Emami, Amir Enany, Shymaa Faraon, Emerito Jose A. Farzadfar, Farshad Fernandes, Eduarda Desideri, Lorenzo Ferro Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Foroutan, Masoud Frank, Tahvi D. Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L. Garcia-Calavaro, Christian Garg, Tushar Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle Ghadiri, Keyghobad Ghashghaee, Ahmad Golechha, Mahaveer Goodridge, Amador Gupta, Bhawna Gupta, Sapna Gupta, Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Global Hlth Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Med Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Hlth Metr Sci Seattle WA 98195 USA World Hlth Org WHO Div Data Analyt & Delivery Impact Geneva Switzerland Karolinska Univ Hosp Dept Lab Med Huddinge Sweden Univ Tehran Med Sci Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Digest Dis Res Inst Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Metabol & Genom Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sina Trauma & Surg Res Ctr Tehran Iran Debre Berhan Univ Dept Publ Hlth Debre Brehan Ethiopia Univ Sharjah Dept Clin Sci Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Clin Sci Dept Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Coll Hosp Coll Med Ibadan Nigeria Karya Husada Inst Hlth Sci Dept Midwifery Kediri Indonesia Auckland Univ Technol Dept Midwifery Auckland New Zealand King Edward Mem Hosp Dept Community Med Lahore Pakistan Publ Hlth Inst Dept Publ Hlth Lahore Pakistan Univ Technol Sydney Australian Ctr Publ & Populat Hlth Res ACPPHR Sydney NSW Australia Fdn Univ Islamabad Fdn Univ Med Coll Islamabad Pakistan Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Sch Adv Technol Med Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Dept Epidemiol Tehran Iran Univ Kurdistan Hewler Dept Comp Sci & Engn Erbil Iraq Sulaimani Polytech Univ Database Technol Dept Sulaymaniyah Iraq Sulaimani Polytech Univ Coll Informat Sulaymaniyah Iraq Arba Minch Univ Dept Med Lab Sci Arba Minch Ethiopia Arba Minch Univ Dept Midwifery Arba Minch Ethiopia Arba Minch Univ Dept Biomed Sci Arba Minch Ethiopia Intercountry Ctr Oral Hlth ICOH Africa Dept Publ Hlth Jos Nigeria Fed Minist Hlth Dept Publ Hlth Garki Nigeria Hamad Med Corp Geriatr & Long Term Care Dept Doha Qatar Hamad Med Corp Rumailah Hosp Doha Qatar Mayo Clin Fdn Med Educ & Res Mayo Evidence Based Practice Ctr Rochester MN USA Curtin Univ Fac Hlth Sci P

Background Tuberculosis is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, causing more than a million deaths annually. Given an emphasis on equity in access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in global h...

Background Tuberculosis is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, causing more than a million deaths annually. Given an emphasis on equity in access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in global health targets, evaluations of differences in tuberculosis burden by sex are crucial. We aimed to assess the levels and trends of the global burden of tuberculosis, with an emphasis on investigating differences in sex by HIV status for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Methods We used a Bayesian hierarchical Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) platform to analyse 21 505 site-years of vital registration data, 705 site-years of verbal autopsy data, 825 site-years of sample-based vital registration data, and 680 site-years of mortality surveillance data to estimate mortality due to tuberculosis among HIV-negative individuals. We used a population attributable fraction approach to estimate mortality related to HIV and tuberculosis coinfection. A compartmental meta-regression tool (DisMod-MR 2.1) was then used to synthesise all available data sources, including prevalence surveys, annual case notifications, population-based tuberculin surveys, and tuberculosis cause-specific mortality, to produce estimates of incidence, prevalence, and mortality that were internally consistent. We further estimated the fraction of tuberculosis mortality that is attributable to independent effects of risk factors, including smoking, alcohol use, and diabetes, for HIV-negative individuals. For individuals with HIV and tuberculosis coinfection, we assessed mortality attributable to HIV risk factors including unsafe sex, intimate partner violence (only estimated among females), and injection drug use. We present 95% uncertainty intervals for all estimates. Findings Globally, in 2019, among HIV-negative individuals, there were 1.18 million (95% uncertainty interval 1.08-1.29) deaths due to tuberculosis and 8.50 million (7.45-9.73) incident cases of tuberculosis. A

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Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by age-related macular degeneration: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020

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EYE 2024年第11期38卷 2070-2082页

作者： Furtado, Joao M. Jonas, Jost B. Tapply, Ian Fernandes, Arthur G. Cicinelli, Maria Vittoria Arrigo, Alessandro Leveziel, Nicolas Resnikoff, Serge Taylor, Hugh R. Sedighi, Tabassom Flaxman, Seth Parodi, Maurizio Battaglia Bikbov, Mukkharram M. Braithwaite, Tasanee Bron, Alain Cheng, Ching-Yu Congdon, Nathan Del Monte, Monte A. Ehrlich, Joshua R. Fricke, Tim Friedman, David Gazzard, Gus Hartnett, M. Elizabeth Kahloun, Rim Kempen, John H. Khairallah, Moncef Khanna, Rohit C. Kim, Judy E. Lansingh, Van Charles Leasher, Janet Naidoo, Kovin S. Nangia, Vinay Nowak, Michal Pesudovs, Konrad Peto, Tunde Ramulu, Pradeep Topouzis, Fotis Tsilimbaris, Mitiadis Wang, Ya Xing Wang, Ningli Bourne, Rupert R. A. Furtado, Joao M. Jonas, Jost B. Tapply, Ian Fernandes, Arthur G. Cicinelli, Maria Vittoria Arrigo, Alessandro Leveziel, Nicolas Briant, Paul Svitil Vos, Theo Resnikoff, Serge Taylor, Hugh R. Sedighi, Tabassom Fischer, Florian Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abdollahi, Mohammad Adal, Tadele Girum Girum Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adhikari, Kishor Agarwal, Prerna Agodi, Antonella Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahmad, Aqeel Ahmadieh, Hamid Ahmadzadeh, Hooman Alahdab, Fares Alfaar, Ahmad Samir Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait Almidani, Louay Androudi, Sofia Anil, Abhishek Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Arabloo, Jalal Ashemo, Mubarek Yesse Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Atreya, Alok Ayalew, Melese Kitu Aynalem, Yared Asmare Aynalem, Zewdu Bishaw Azzam, Ahmed Y. Bagherieh, Sara Bai, Ruhai Barchitta, Martina Bardhan, Mainak Barnighausen, Till Winfried Parodi, Maurizio Battaglia Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew Bazvand, Fatemeh Begde, Ahmet Behnam, Babak Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhaskar, Sonu Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh Bintoro, Bagas Suryo Birck, Marina G. Braithwaite, Tasanee Burkart, Katrin Bustanji, Yasser dos Santos, Florentino L. Caetano Carneiro, Vera L. A. Cenderadewi, Muthia Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chu, Dinh-Toi Coberly, Kaleb Cruz-Martins, Natalia dadras, Omid Dai, Xiaochen Dascalu, Ana Maria Dasht Univ Sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto Med Sch Ribeirao Preto Brazil Heidelberg Univ Med Fac Mannheim Dept Ophthalmol Heidelberg Germany Cambridge Univ Hosp Dept Ophthalmol Cambridge England Fed Univ Sao Paolo Sao Paulo SP Brazil Univ Calgary Calgary AB Canada Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele Sch Med Milan Italy IRCCS San Raffaele Sci Inst Dept Ophthalmol Milan Italy Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele Sci Inst San Raffaele Hosp Milan Italy Univ Poitiers Poitiers France CHU Poitiers Poitiers France Brien Holden Vis Inst Sydney NSW Australia Univ New South Wales Sch Optometry & Vis Sci Fac Med Sydney NSW Australia Univ Melbourne Sch Populat & Global Hlth Carlton Vic Australia Anglia Ruskin Univ Vis & Eye Res Inst Cambridge England Univ Oxford Dept Comp Sci Oxford England Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele Dept Ophthalmol Milan Italy Ufa Eye Res Inst Ufa Russia Kings Coll London Sch Life Course & Populat Sci London England Guys & St Thomas NHS Fdn Trust Med Eye Unit London England Univ Hosp Dijon France Natl Univ Singapore Singapore Singapore Singapore Eye Res Inst Singapore Singapore Queens Univ Belfast Belfast Antrim North Ireland Orbis Int New York NY USA Sun Yat Sen Univ Zhongshan Ophthalm Ctr Guangzhou Peoples R China Univ Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Kellogg Eye Ctr Ann Arbor MI USA Univ Michigan Inst Social Res Ann Arbor MI USA Univ Michigan Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci Ann Arbor MI USA Australian Coll Optometry Melbourne Vic Australia Univ Melbourne Melbourne Vic Australia UNSW Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Harvard Med Sch Mass Eye & Ear Boston MA USA UCL Inst Ophthalmol London England NIHR Biomed Res Ctr London England Stanford Univ Stanford CA USA Associated Ophthalmologists Monastir Monastir Tunisia Harvard Univ Dept Ophthalmol Boston MA USA MyungSung Med Coll Eye Unit Addis Ababa Ethiopia Addis Ababa Univ Dept Ophthalmol Addis Ababa Ethiopia Sight Souls Bellevue WA USA Univ Monastir Fattouma Bourguiba Univ Hosp Monas

BACKGROUND: We aimed to update estimates of global vision loss due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based surveys of eye diseases from Janu... 详细信息

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Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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LANCET 2021年第10292期397卷 2337-2360页

作者： Reitsma, Marissa B. Reitsma, Marissa B. Kendrick, Parkes J. Ababneh, Emad Abbafati, Cristiana Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abdoli, Amir Abedi, Aidin Abhilash, E. S. Abila, Derrick Bary Aboyans, Victor Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M. E. Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Advani, Shailesh M. Aghaali, Mohammad Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sohail Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmed, Haroon Aji, Budi Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Al-Aly, Ziyad Alanzi, Turki M. Alhabib, Khalid F. Ali, Liaqat Alif, Sheikh Mohammad Alipour, vahid Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Alla, Francois Allebeck, Peter Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amin, Tarek Tawfik Amini, Saeed Amu, Hubert Amul, Gianna Gayle Herrera Ancuceanu, Robert Anderson, Jason A. Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza Antonio, Carl Abelardo T. Antony, Benny Anvari, Davood Arabloo, Jalal Arian, Nicholas D. Arora, Monika Asaad, Malke Ausloos, Marcel Awan, Asma Tahir Ayano, Getinet Aynalem, Getie Lake Azari, Samad Darshan, B. B. Badiye, Ashish D. Baig, Atif Amin Bakhshaei, Mohammad Hossein Banach, Maciej Banik, Palash Chandra Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn Barnighausen, Till Winfried Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat Basu, Sanjay Bayati, Mohsen Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad Behzadifar, Masoud Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye Bennett, Derrick A. Bensenor, Isabela M. Berfield, Kathleen S. Sachiko Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bibi, Sadia Bijani, Ali Bintoro, Bagas Suryo Biondi, Antonio Birara, Setognal Braithwaite, Dejana Brenner, Hermann Brunoni, Andre R. Burkart, Katrin Butt, Zahid A. Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano Alberto Camera, Luis Car, Josip Cardenas, Rosario Carreras, Giulia Carrero, Juan J. Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia Sofia Chang, Jung-Chen Chen, Simiao Chu, Dinh-Toi Chung, Sheng-Chia Cirillo, Massimo Costa, Vera Marisa Couto, Rosa A. S. dadras, Omid Dai, Xiaochen Damasceno, Albertino Antonio Moura Damiani, Giovanni Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz Gela, Jiregna Darega Davletov, Kairat Molla, Meseret Derbew Dessie, Getenet Ayalew Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu Dharma Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Surg Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Sch Med Dept Hlth Metr Sci Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA Cleveland Clin Pathol & Lab Med Inst Cleveland OH 44106 USA Cleveland Clin Dept Internal Med Cleveland OH 44106 USA Cleveland Clin Dept Cardiovasc Med Cleveland OH 44106 USA Cleveland Clin Dept Internal Med Cleveland OH 44106 USA Univ Roma La Sapienza Dept Jurid & Econ Studies Rome Italy Univ Roma La Sapienza Dept Publ Hlth & Infect Dis Rome Italy Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr Tehran Iran Jahrom Univ Med Sci Dept Parasitol & Mycol Jahrom Iran Univ Southern Calif Dept Orthopaed Surg Los Angeles CA 90007 USA Univ Southern Calif Dept Radiol Los Angeles CA 90007 USA Sree Narayana Guru Coll Chelannur Dept Bot Kozhikode India Makerere Univ Dept Pathol Kampala Uganda Univ Manchester Fac Biol Med & Hlth Manchester Lancs England Dupuytren Univ Hosp Dept Cardiol Limoges France Univ Limoges Limoges France Birzeit Univ Inst Community & Publ Hlth Ramallah Palestine Univ Coll Hosp Coll Med Ibadan Nigeria Univ Coll Hosp Dept Community Med Ibadan Nigeria Univ Coll Hosp Dept Med Ibadan Nigeria NIH Social Behav Res Branch Bldg 10 Bethesda MD 20892 USA Georgetown Univ Dept Oncol Washington DC USA Qom Univ Med Sci Dept Epidemiol & Biostat Qom Iran Univ Technol Sydney Australian Ctr Publ & Populat Hlth Res ACPPHR Sydney NSW Australia Univ Technol Sydney Sch Hlth Sydney NSW Australia MAHSA Univ Fac Pharm Kuala Langat Malaysia Univ Nottingham Lincoln Med Sch Lincoln England Univ Lincoln Lincoln Med Sch Lincoln England COMSATS Inst Informat Technol Dept Biosci Islamabad Pakistan Jenderal Soedirman Univ Fac Med & Publ Hlth Purwokerto Indonesia Intercountry Ctr Oral Hlth ICOH Africa Dept Publ Hlth Jos Nigeria Fed Minist Hlth Dept Publ Hlth Garki Nigeria Washington Univ John T Milliken Dept Inte

Background Ending the global tobacco epidemic is a defining challenge in global health. Timely and comprehensive estimates of the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden are needed to guide t...

Background Ending the global tobacco epidemic is a defining challenge in global health. Timely and comprehensive estimates of the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden are needed to guide tobacco control efforts nationally and globally. Methods We estimated the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden for 204 countries and territories, by age and sex, from 1990 to 2019 as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study. We modelled multiple smoking-related indicators from 3625 nationally representative surveys. We completed systematic reviews and did Bayesian meta-regressions for 36 causally linked health outcomes to estimate non-linear dose-response risk curves for current and former smokers. We used a direct estimation approach to estimate attributable burden, providing more comprehensive estimates of the health effects of smoking than previously available. Findings Globally in 2019, 1.14 billion (95% uncertainty interval 1.13-1.16) individuals were current smokers, who consumed 7.41 trillion (7.11-7.74) cigarette-equivalents of tobacco in 2019. Although prevalence of smoking had decreased significantly since 1990 among both males (27.5% [26. 5-28.5] reduction) and females (37.7% [35.4-39.9] reduction) aged 15 years and older, population growth has led to a significant increase in the total number of smokers from 0.99 billion (0.98-1.00) in 1990. Globally in 2019, smoking tobacco use accounted for 7.69 million (7.16-8.20) deaths and 200 million (185-214) disability-adjusted life-years, and was the leading risk factor for death among males (20.2% [19.3-21.1] of male deaths). 6.68 million [86.9%] of 7.69 million deaths attributable to smoking tobacco use were among current smokers. Interpretation In the absence of intervention, the annual toll of 7.69 million deaths and 200 million disability-adjusted life-years attributable to smoking will increase over the coming decades. Substantial prog

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Global, regional, and national burden of meningitis and its aetiologies, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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LANCET NEUROLOGY 2023年第8期22卷 685-711页

作者： Wunrow, Han Yong Bender, Rose G. Vongpradith, Avina Sirota, Sarah Brooke Swetschinski, Lucien R. Novotney, Amanda Gray, Authia P. Ikuta, Kevin S. Sharara, Fablina Wool, Eve E. Aali, Amirali Abd-Elsalam, Sherief Abdollahi, Ashkan Aziz, Jeza Muhamad Abdul Abidi, Hassan Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adamu, Lawan Hassan Adane, Tigist Demssew Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adegboye, Oyelola A. Adekiya, Tayo Alex Adnan, Mohammad Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Saira Aghamiri, Shahin Aghdam, Zahra Babaei Agodi, Antonella Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Aqeel Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadzade, Mohadese Ahmed, Ali Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Jivan Qasim Ahmed, Meqdad Saleh Akinosoglou, Karolina Aklilu, Addis Akonde, Maxwell Alahdab, Fares Al-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Albelbeisi, Ahmed Hassan Alemayehu, Tsegaye Begashaw B. Alene, Kefyalew Addis Al-Eyadhy, Ayman Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed Ali, Abid Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali, Liaqat Ali, Syed Shujait Alimohamadi, Yousef Alipour, vahid Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almustanyir, Sami Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed Aly, Hany Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Ancuceanu, Robert Ansar, Adnan Ansari, Golnoosh Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Arabloo, Jalal Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Areda, Demelash Artamonov, Anton A. Arulappan, Judie Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo Asaduzzaman, Muhammad Atalell, Kendalem Asmare Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Atlaw, Daniel Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Attia, Sameh Awoke, Tewachew Ayalew, Melese Kitu Ayana, Tegegn Mulatu Ayele, Alemu Degu Azadnajafabad, Sina Azizian, Khalil Badar, Muhammad Badiye, Ashish D. Baghcheghi, Nayereh Bagheri, Mahboube Bagherieh, Sara Bahadory, Saeed Baig, Atif Amin Barac, Aleksandra Barati, Shirin Bardhan, Mainak Basharat, Zarrin Bashiri, Azadeh Basnyat, Buddha Bassat, Quique Basu, Saurav Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew Bedi, Neeraj Behnoush, Amir Hossein Bekel, Abebe Ayalew Belete, Melaku Ashagrie Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhandari, Dinesh Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhaskar, Univ Washington Dept Appl Math Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98105 USA Univ Washington Sch Med Dept Hlth Metr Sci Seattle WA 98105 USA Univ Washington Dept Pharm Seattle WA 98105 USA Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Div Infect Dis Los Angeles CA 90025 USA Mashhad Univ Med Sci Fac Med Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Appl Biomed Res Ctr Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Biotechnol Res Ctr Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Tanta Univ Trop Med Dept Tanta Egypt Johns Hopkins Univ Cardiovasc Dept Baltimore MD 21218 USA Johns Hopkins Univ Radiol Dept Baltimore MD 21218 USA Johns Hopkins Univ Dept Cardiovasc Med Baltimore MD 21218 USA Shiraz Univ Med Sci Dept Med Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Hlth Informat Management Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Dept Med Mycol & Parasitol Shiraz Iran Univ Human Dev Med Lab Sci Sulaymaniyah Iraq Baxshin Hosp Baxshin Res Ctr Sulaymaniyah Iraq Yasuj Univ Med Sci Lab Technol Sci Dept Yasuj Iran Yasuj Univ Med Sci Dept Nursing Yasuj Iran Univ Hlth & Allied Sci Dept Family & Community Hlth Ho Ghana Univ Tehran Med Sci Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sch Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Students Sci Res Ctr SSRC Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Childrens Med Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Pediat Cardiol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Fac Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Cardiovasc Med Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Pharmacol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sina Trauma & Surg Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Neurol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Psychiat Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Microbiol Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Fac Med Tehran Iran Karolinska Univ Hosp Dept Biosci & Nutr Huddinge Sweden Univ Sharjah Clin Sci Dept Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Dept Basic Med S

Background Although meningitis is largely preventable, it still causes hundreds of thousands of deaths globally each year. WHO set ambitious goals to reduce meningitis cases by 2030, and assessing trends in the global...

Background Although meningitis is largely preventable, it still causes hundreds of thousands of deaths globally each year. WHO set ambitious goals to reduce meningitis cases by 2030, and assessing trends in the global meningitis burden can help track progress and identify gaps in achieving these goals. Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we aimed to assess incident cases and deaths due to acute infectious meningitis by aetiology and age from 1990 to 2019, for 204 countries and territories. Methods We modelled meningitis mortality using vital registration, verbal autopsy, sample-based vital registration, and mortality surveillance data. Meningitis morbidity was modelled with a Bayesian compartmental model, using data from the published literature identified by a systematic review, as well as surveillance data, inpatient hospital admissions, health insurance claims, and cause-specific meningitis mortality estimates. For aetiology estimation, data from multiple causes of death, vital registration, hospital discharge, microbial laboratory, and literature studies were analysed by use of a network analysis model to estimate the proportion of meningitis deaths and cases attributable to the following aetiologies: Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, group B Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, viruses, and a residual other pathogen category. Findings In 2019, there were an estimated 236 000 deaths (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 204 000-277 000) and 2.51 million (2.11-2.99) incident cases due to meningitis globally. The burden was greatest in children younger than 5 years, with 112 000 deaths (87 400-145 000) and 1.28 million incident cases (0.947-1.71) in 2019. Age-standardised mortality rates decreased from 7.5 (6.6-8.4) per 100 000 population in 1990 to 3.3 (2.8-3.9) per 100 000 population in 2019. The highest propo

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