In this paper, the stochastic-aeroelastic nonlinear response of a three-degree-of-freedom(3-Dof), structural nonlinear airfoil with a control flap is presented. The critical parameter conditions of stochastic P-bifurc...
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In this paper, the stochastic-aeroelastic nonlinear response of a three-degree-of-freedom(3-Dof), structural nonlinear airfoil with a control flap is presented. The critical parameter conditions of stochastic P-bifurcation are solved by using the improved average method, the stochastic average method combined with the singularity theory. The results show that the periodic solution produced by Hopf bifurcation has involved a second bifurcation, the nonlinear critical speed of saddle node bifurcation points is advanced, and the airfoil appears bi-stable. The stochastic singularity analysis shows that the increasing in stochastic disturbance intensity will cause an greater of the probability for large amplitude stochastic flutter.
Eight polycyclic furanobutenolide-containing norcembrane diterpenoids featuring C19 frameworks(1–8)were rapidly recognized and isolated from the Hainan soft coral Sinularia sp. by the HSQC-based small molecule accura...
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Eight polycyclic furanobutenolide-containing norcembrane diterpenoids featuring C19 frameworks(1–8)were rapidly recognized and isolated from the Hainan soft coral Sinularia sp. by the HSQC-based small molecule accurate recognition technology. Yonarolide A(1a), featuring an unprecedented 5/6/4/4/7 pentacyclic ring skeleton, was surprisingly obtained as a transformed product by leaving compound 1 under indoor natural light, and was further proved to be a [2 + 2] cycloaddition product of 1 by photochemical reaction. The absolute stereochemistry of 1a and the three known norcembrane diterpenoids 1, 4, and7 were determined by using X-ray diffraction(XRD) analyses. Further, with the aid of XRD analysis, the structure of scabrolide B(2), which was previously reported of possessing 5/6/7 tricyclic skeleton, was firmly revised as 2a with the rare inelegane skeleton featured by the highly oxygenated 5/7/6 tricyclic carbocycle.
To enhance the forming quality of the forging and minimize the forging cost in the concave radial forging process, this article examines the influence of process parameters (radial reduction increment h, rotation angl...
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To enhance the forming quality of the forging and minimize the forging cost in the concave radial forging process, this article examines the influence of process parameters (radial reduction increment h, rotation angle beta, friction coefficient mu) on the forging process through numerical simulation. A multi-objective optimization method is employed to balance the objective functions (strain homogeneity E, forging load F). First, sample points for different combinations of process parameters were obtained using a central composite experimental design. Then, a mathematical model between the process parameters and the objective function was established using the response surface method, which underwent variance analysis and sensitivity analysis. Finally, the optimal process parameter combination was determined based on the NSGA-II algorithm and satisfaction function. The optimization results were verified by finite element simulations. The optimized process combination: increment h = 0.25 mm, beta = 21.68 degrees, mu = 0.05. The corresponding E and F are 0.241367 and 577.029, respectively. Compared with the initial process, the standard deviation of the overall strain was reduced by 14.25%, and the forging load was reduced by 1.76%. The results indicate that the quality of the forgings was significantly improved while the forging cost was reduced to some extent.
Virtual synchronous generator is used to control independent microgrid to provide inertia and damping support, but it often brings transient stability problems. due to the large number of nonlinear and non-smooth char...
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Multifunctional CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1) cells, producing IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-2, define a correlate of vaccinemediated protection against intracellular infection. In our previous study, we found that CVC1302 in o...
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Multifunctional CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1) cells, producing IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-2, define a correlate of vaccinemediated protection against intracellular infection. In our previous study, we found that CVC1302 in oil formulation promoted the differentiation of IFN-gamma+/TNF-alpha+/IL-2+Th1 cells. In order to extend the application of CVC1302 in oil formulation, this study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of action in improving the Th1 immune response. Considering the signals required for the differentiation of CD4+ T cells to Th1 cells, we detected the distribution of innate immune cells and the model antigen OVA-FITC in lymph node (LN), as well as the quantity of cytokines produced by the innate immune cells. The results of these experiments show that, cDC2 and OVAFITC localized to interfollicular region (IFR) of the draining lymph nodes, inflammatory monocytes localized to both IFR and T cell zone, which mainly infiltrate from the blood. In this inflammatory niche within LN, CD4+ T cells were attracted into IFR by CXCL10, secreted by inflammatory monocytes, then activated by cDC2, secreting IL-12. Above all, CVC1302 in oil formulation, on the one hand, targeted antigen and inflammatory monocytes into the LN IFR in order to attract CD4+ T cells, on the other hand, targeted cDC2 to produce IL-12 in order to promote optimal Th1 differentiation. The new finding will provide a blueprint for application of immunopotentiators in optimal formulations.
We synthesized four n-type conjugated polymers comprising a bithiophene imide (BTI) unit and 3,3 ',4,4 '-tetrafluoro-2,2 '-bithiophene (4FBT) or (E)-1,2-bis(3,4-difluorothien-2-yl)ethene (4FTVT) via direct...
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We synthesized four n-type conjugated polymers comprising a bithiophene imide (BTI) unit and 3,3 ',4,4 '-tetrafluoro-2,2 '-bithiophene (4FBT) or (E)-1,2-bis(3,4-difluorothien-2-yl)ethene (4FTVT) via direct arylation polycondensation, and comprehensively studied the optical, electrochemical and charge transport properties of the polymers. Increasing the BTI acceptor unit from one to two in the repeating unit slightly decreased the frontier molecular orbital levels of the polymers and blue-shifted their absorption spectra. Moreover, this change altered the molecular packing from an edge-on backbone orientation to bimodal packing with mixed edge-on and face-on orientations. When used as semiconductor layers in organic thin-film transistors, all four polymers exhibited unipolar n-type transport behavior with the highest saturation and a linear electron mobility of 0.72 and 0.67 cm(2) V-1 s(-1), respectively. Our findings suggest that direct arylation polycondensation can serve as an ecofriendly protocol for the synthesis of high-performance n-type conjugated polymers based on BTI through careful molecular design.
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