作者：
Huang, GuangpingZhang, YuboZhang, weiwei, fuwenJiangxi Agr Univ
Coll Forestry Jiangxi Prov Key Lab Conservat Biol Nanchang 330045 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci
Inst Zool CAS Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Peking Univ
Sch Life Sci State Key Lab Prot & Plant Gene Res Beijing 100871 Peoples R China Peking Univ
Acad Adv Interdisciplinary Studies Peking Tsinghua Ctr Life Sci Beijing 100871 Peoples R China
Camouflage is a classic example of a trait wherein animals respond to natural selection to avoid predation or attract prey. This unique phenomenon has attracted significant recent attention and the rapid development o...
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Camouflage is a classic example of a trait wherein animals respond to natural selection to avoid predation or attract prey. This unique phenomenon has attracted significant recent attention and the rapid development of integrative research methods is facilitating advances in our understanding of the in-depth genetic mechanisms of camouflage. In this review article, we revisit camouflage definitions and strategies and then we examine the underlying mechanisms of the two most common forms of camouflage, crypsis and masquerade, that have recently been elucidated using multiple approaches. We also discuss unresolved questions related to camouflage. Ultimately, we highlight the implications of camouflage for informing various key issues in ecology and evolution.
Little is known about the population health status of the world's rarest primate, the Hainan gibbon. Here, the largest gut microbiome dataset yet constructed was generated from all five extant breeding groups of t...
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Little is known about the population health status of the world's rarest primate, the Hainan gibbon. Here, the largest gut microbiome dataset yet constructed was generated from all five extant breeding groups of the Hainan gibbons, with 42 samples from individuals spanning all ages and sexes, in addition to dry and wet seasons. Groups A and B exhibited higher diversity of gut microbiota and food resources, in contrast to the subsequently established Groups C, D, and E. Significantly, Group C demonstrated the lowest gut microbial diversity and higher abundance of vector-related Pestivirus, which may be attributed to their proximity to the primary forest edge and the village. We also inferred the origin and possible dispersal paths of the newly established Group E. These findings indicate that Hainan gibbons are still facing viral zoonosis and the threat of extinction, as illuminated by an understanding of the gut microbiome and habitat landscape ecology.
Globally, marine fish communities are being altered by climate change and human disturbances. We examined data on global marine fish communities to assess changes in community-weightedmean temperature affinity (i.e., ...
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Globally, marine fish communities are being altered by climate change and human disturbances. We examined data on global marine fish communities to assess changes in community-weightedmean temperature affinity (i.e., mean temperatures within geographic ranges), maximum length, and trophic levels, which, respectively, represent the physiological, morphological, and trophic characteristics of marine fish communities. Then, we explored the influence of climate change and fishing on these characteristics because of their long-term role in shaping fish communities, especially their interactive effects. We employed spatial linear mixed models to investigate their impacts on community-weighted mean trait values and on abundance of different fish lengths and trophic groups. Globally, we observed an initial increasing trend in the temperature affinity of marine fish communities, whereas the weighted mean length and trophic levels of fish communities showed a declining trend. However, these shift trends were not significant, likely due to the large variation in midlatitude communities. Fishing pressure increased fish communities' temperature affinity in regions experiencing climate warming. Furthermore, climate warming was associated with an increase in weighted mean length and trophic levels of fish communities. Low climate baseline temperature appeared to mitigate the effect of climate warming on temperature affinity and trophic levels. The effect of climate warming on the relative abundance of different trophic classes and size classes both exhibited a nonlinear pattern. The small and relatively large fish species may benefit from climate warming, whereas the medium and largest size groups may be disadvantaged. Our results highlight the urgency of establishing stepping-stone marine protected areas to facilitate the migration of fishes to habitats in a warming ocean. Moreover, reducing human disturbance is crucial to mitigate rapid tropicalization, particularly in vulnerabl
Over 70% of emerging infectious diseases in humans originate from wildlife, such as H5N1 and other avian influenza viruses,Ebola hemorrhagic fever virus, and the Middle East respiratory syndrome *** pathogens pose sig...
Over 70% of emerging infectious diseases in humans originate from wildlife, such as H5N1 and other avian influenza viruses,Ebola hemorrhagic fever virus, and the Middle East respiratory syndrome *** pathogens pose significant threats to human and animal health, disrupt economic and social development, and challenge national security (Jones et al.,2008; Morens and Fauci, 2020; Olival et al., 2017).
A morphological and molecular analyses of a newly discovered species, Glossobalanus weii sp. nov., from Danzhou city, Hainan Island, China is presented. Several morphological characters distinguish this new species, w...
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A morphological and molecular analyses of a newly discovered species, Glossobalanus weii sp. nov., from Danzhou city, Hainan Island, China is presented. Several morphological characters distinguish this new species, while molecular analyses confirm significant genetic divergence from its recognized congeners (p-distance > 0.25 in mitochondrial genomes). Phylogenetic analyses place the new species in a distinct sister clade to G. polybranchioporus, which is afforded first-class state protection in China. An updated retrieval table is provided for the eight species of Hemichordata found in China. Hemichordate diversity remains underestimated and this new species emphasizes the need for their ongoing conservation in southern China.
Understanding the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in wildlife is critical for the health of humans and animals from a“One Health”*** gut microbiota serve as a reservoir for ARGs;however,it r...
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Understanding the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in wildlife is critical for the health of humans and animals from a“One Health”*** gut microbiota serve as a reservoir for ARGs;however,it remains poorly understood how environmental and host genetic factors influence ARGs by affecting the gut *** elucidate this,we analyzed whole-genome resequencing data from 79 individuals of Brandt’s vole in two geographic locations with different antibiotics usage,together with metabolomic data and shotgun sequencing data.A high diversity of ARGs(851 subtypes)was observed in vole’s gut,with a large variation in ARG composition between individuals from Xilingol and Hulunbuir in *** diversity and composition of ARGs were strongly correlated with variations in gut microbiota community ***-wide association studies revealed that 803 loci were significantly associated(P<5.05×10^(−9))with 31 bacterial species,and bipartite networks identified 906 bacterial species-ARGs *** equation modeling analysis showed that host genetic factors,air temperature,and presence of pollutants(Bisphenol A)significantly affected gut microbiota community structure,which eventually regulated the diversity of *** present study advances our understanding of the complex host-environment interactions that underlie the spread of ARGs in the natural environments.
Marine biodiversity plays important roles in ocean ecosystem services and has substantial economic *** diversity,genetic diversity and phylogenetic diversity,which reflect the number,evolutionary potential and evoluti...
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Marine biodiversity plays important roles in ocean ecosystem services and has substantial economic *** diversity,genetic diversity and phylogenetic diversity,which reflect the number,evolutionary potential and evolutionary history of species in ecosystem functioning,are three important dimensions of ***-protected areas have been demonstrated as an effective area-based tool for protecting marine biodiversity,but only 2.8 % of the ocean has been fully *** is urgent to identify global conservation priority areas and percentage of the ocean across multiple dimensions of biodiversity based on Post-2020 Global Biodiversity ***,we investigate the spatial distribution of marine genetic and phylogenetic diversity using 80 075 mitochondrial DNA barcode sequences from 4316 species and a newly constructed phylogenetic tree of 8166 *** identify that the Central Indo-Pacific Ocean,Central Pacific Ocean and Western Indian Ocean harbor high levels of bio diversity across three dimensions of biodiversity,which could be designated as conservation priority *** also find that strategically protecting～22% of the ocean would allow us to reach the target of conserving～95% of currently known taxonomic,genetic and phylogenetic *** study provides insights into the spatial distribution pattern of multiple marine diversities and the findings would help to design comprehensive conservation schemes for global marine biodiversity.
Biodiversity is facing unprecedented challenges due to rapidly changing environments. While genetic and genomic tools have revolutionized conservation biology by enabling scientists to reconstruct evolutionary histori...
Biodiversity is facing unprecedented challenges due to rapidly changing environments. While genetic and genomic tools have revolutionized conservation biology by enabling scientists to reconstruct evolutionary histories, delineate population structures, and assess adaptive potential of threatened species(Hu et al., 2024), they often fall short in addressing the urgency of environmental threats.
“The founder of vertebrate zoology in China;an erudite scholar of insect,fish,bird and mammal research;combining taxonomy and animal ecology,and pioneering in biostatistics.”These are memorial comments written by Ch...
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“The founder of vertebrate zoology in China;an erudite scholar of insect,fish,bird and mammal research;combining taxonomy and animal ecology,and pioneering in biostatistics.”These are memorial comments written by Chinese mammalogist Wuping Xia on the 15th anniversary of the death of Professor Tsen-Hwang Shaw(寿振黄,1899-1964),which offers an overview of the academic contributions of Professor Shaw(Fig.1).
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