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第23届国际保护生物学大会

作者： Lifeng Zhu Xiangjiang Zhan Hua Wu Tao Meng Michael Willams Bruford fuwen wei

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The effect of landscape features on population genetic structure in Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti) implies an anthropogenic genetic discontinuity

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MOLECULAR ECOLOGY 2009年第18期18卷 3831-3846页

作者： Liu, Zhijin Ren, Baoping Wu, Ruidong Zhao, Liang Hao, Yanli Wang, Boshi wei, fuwen Long, Yongcheng Li, Ming Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China TNC China Program Kunming 650034 Yunnan Peoples R China S China Normal Univ Coll Life Sci Guangzhou 510631 Guangdong Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Grad Sch Beijing 100039 Peoples R China Suzhou Univ Fac Biol Suzhou 234000 Anhui Peoples R China

The Tibetan Plateau is one of the top 10 biodiversity hotspots in the world and acts as a modern harbour for many rare species because of its relatively pristine state. In this article, we report a landscape genetic study on the Yunnan snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus bieti), a primate endemic to the Tibetan Plateau. DNA was extracted from blood, tissue and fecal samples of 135 wild individuals representing 11 out of 15 extant monkey groups. Ten microsatellite loci were used to characterize patterns of genetic diversity. The most striking feature of the population structure is the presence of five subpopulations with distinct genetic backgrounds and unique spatial regions. The population structure of R. bieti appears to be shaped by anthropogenic landscape features as gene flow between subpopulations is strongly impeded by arable land, highways and human habitation. A partial Mantel test showed that 36.23% (r = 0.51, P = 0.01) of the genetic distance was explained by habitat gaps after controlling for the effect of geographical distance. Only 4.92% of the genetic distance was explained by geographical distance in the partial Mantel test, and no significant correlation was found. Estimation of population structure history indicates that environmental change during the last glacial maximum and human impacts since the Holocene, or a combination of both, have shaped the observed population structure of R. bieti. Increasing human activity on the Plateau, especially that resulting in habitat fragmentation, is becoming an important factor in shaping the genetic structure and evolutionary potential of species inhabiting this key ecosystem.

关键词： anthropogenic genetic discontinuity conservation landscape genetics microsatellite loci Rhinopithecus bieti Tibetan Plateau

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The sequence and de novo assembly of the giant panda genome

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NATURE 2010年第7279期463卷 311-317页

作者： Li, Ruiqiang Fan, wei Tian, Geng Zhu, Hongmei He, Lin Cai, Jing Huang, Quanfei Cai, Qingle Li, Bo Bai, Yinqi Zhang, Zhihe Zhang, Yaping Wang, Wen Li, Jun wei, fuwen Li, Heng Jian, Min Li, Jianwen Zhang, Zhaolei Nielsen, Rasmus Li, Dawei Gu, Wanjun Yang, Zhentao Xuan, Zhaoling Ryder, Oliver A. Leung, Frederick Chi-Ching Zhou, Yan Cao, Jianjun Sun, Xiao Fu, Yonggui Fang, Xiaodong Guo, Xiaosen Wang, Bo Hou, Rong Shen, Fujun Mu, Bo Ni, Peixiang Lin, Runmao Qian, Wubin Wang, Guodong Yu, Chang Nie, Wenhui Wang, Jinhuan Wu, Zhigang Liang, Huiqing Min, Jiumeng Wu, Qi Cheng, Shifeng Ruan, Jue Wang, Mingwei Shi, Zhongbin Wen, Ming Liu, Binghang Ren, Xiaoli Zheng, Huisong Dong, Dong Cook, Kathleen Shan, Gao Zhang, Hao Kosiol, Carolin Xie, Xueying Lu, Zuhong Zheng, Hancheng Li, Yingrui Steiner, Cynthia C. Lam, Tommy Tsan-Yuk Lin, Siyuan Zhang, Qinghui Li, Guoqing Tian, Jing Gong, Timing Liu, Hongde Zhang, Dejin Fang, Lin Ye, Chen Zhang, Juanbin Hu, Wenbo Xu, Anlong Ren, Yuanyuan Zhang, Guojie Bruford, Michael W. Li, Qibin Ma, Lijia Guo, Yiran An, Na Hu, Yujie Zheng, Yang Shi, Yongyong Li, Zhiqiang Liu, Qing Chen, Yanling Zhao, Jing Qu, Ning Zhao, Shancen Tian, Feng Wang, Xiaoling Wang, Haiyin Xu, Lizhi Liu, Xiao Vinar, Tomas Wang, Yajun Lam, Tak-Wah Yiu, Siu-Ming Liu, Shiping Zhang, Hemin Li, Desheng Huang, Yan Wang, Xia Yang, Guohua Jiang, Zhi Wang, Junyi Qin, Nan Li, Li Li, Jingxiang Bolund, Lars Kristiansen, Karsten Wong, Gane Ka-Shu Olson, Maynard Zhang, Xiuqing Li, Songgang Yang, Huanming Wang, Jian Wang, Jun BGI Shenzhen Shenzhen 518083 Peoples R China Univ Copenhagen Dept Biol DK-2200 Copenhagen Denmark Chinese Acad Sci Grad Univ Beijing 100062 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Inst Biomed Sci Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Genet Dev & Neuropsychiat Disorders BioX Ctr Shanghai 200030 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Kunming Inst Zool State Key Lab Genet Resources & Evolut Kunming 650223 Peoples R China Shenzhen Univ Sch Med Genome Res Inst Shenzhen 518000 Peoples R China Chengdu Res Base Giant Panda Breeding Chengdu 610081 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Cambridge CB10 1SA England Univ Toronto Dept Mol Genet Banting & Best Dept Med Res Donnelly Ctr Cellular & Biomol Res Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada Univ Calif Berkeley Dept Integrat Biol Berkeley CA 94720 USA Univ Calif Berkeley Dept Stat Berkeley CA 94720 USA Southeast Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Child Dev & Learning Sci Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China San Diego Zoos Inst Conservat Res Escondido CA 92027 USA Univ Hong Kong Sch Biol Sci Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Southeast Univ State Key Lab Bioelect Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China Sun Yat Sen Univ Coll Life Sci State Key Lab Biocontrol Guangzhou 510275 Guangdong Peoples R China Vet Med Univ Wien Inst Populat Genet A-1210 Vienna Austria Cardiff Univ Cardiff Sch Biosci Biodivers & Ecol Proc Grp Cardiff CF10 3AX Wales Comenius Univ Dept Appl Informat Fac Math Phys & Informat Bratislava 84248 Slovakia Sichuan Univ Sch Life Sci Chengdu 610064 Peoples R China Univ Hong Kong Dept Comp Sci Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China S China Univ Technol Guangzhou 510641 Peoples R China China Conservat & Res Ctr Giant Panda Wolong Nat Reserve 623006 Peoples R China Univ Alberta Dept Med Edmonton AB T6G 2E9 Canada Univ Alberta Dept Biol Sci Edmonton AB T6G 2E9 Canada Univ Washington Genome Ctr Seatt

Using next-generation sequencing technology alone, we have successfully generated and assembled a draft sequence of the giant panda genome. The assembled contigs (2.25 gigabases (Gb)) cover approximately 94% of the whole genome, and the remaining gaps (0.05 Gb) seem to contain carnivore-specific repeats and tandem repeats. Comparisons with the dog and human showed that the panda genome has a lower divergence rate. The assessment of panda genes potentially underlying some of its unique traits indicated that its bamboo diet might be more dependent on its gut microbiome than its own genetic composition. We also identified more than 2.7 million heterozygous single nucleotide polymorphisms in the diploid genome. Our data and analyses provide a foundation for promoting mammalian genetic research, and demonstrate the feasibility for using next-generation sequencing technologies for accurate, cost-effective and rapid de novo assembly of large eukaryotic genomes.

关键词： Algorithms Animals China Conserved Sequence/genetics Contig Mapping Diet/veterinary Dogs Evolution, Molecular Evolution, Molecular Female Fertility/genetics Fertility/physiology Genome/genetics Genomics Heterozygote Humans Multigene Family/genetics Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics Sequence Alignment Sequence Analysis, DNA Synteny/genetics Ursidae/classification Ursidae/genetics Ursidae/physiology

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白马雪山自然保护区格花箐滇金丝猴夜宿地的季节性选择

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兽类学报 2009年第4期29卷 389-395页

作者：黎大勇任宝平 Cyril C.Grueter 周岐海彭正松魏辅文李保国西北大学生命科学学院西部资源生物与现代生物技术省部共建教育部重点实验室中国科学院动物研究所动物生态与保护生物学重点实验室西华师范大学生命科学学院 Anthropological Institute and Museum University of Zürich-Irchel 广西师范大学生命科学学院

2005年9月至2006年9月,在白马雪山自然保护区南端的格花箐,对一群(约250只)滇金丝猴的夜宿地选择与利用情况进行调查。整个调查历时13个月,确认研究群的夜宿点54个,共记录夜宿地的利用次数137次,提示研究群在其中一些地点多次夜宿。滇... 详细信息

2005年9月至2006年9月,在白马雪山自然保护区南端的格花箐,对一群(约250只)滇金丝猴的夜宿地选择与利用情况进行调查。整个调查历时13个月,确认研究群的夜宿点54个,共记录夜宿地的利用次数137次,提示研究群在其中一些地点多次夜宿。滇金丝猴夜宿地在平均海拔分布上存在明显的季节性差异:夏季猴群夜宿地的平均海拔为3352m,为一年中夜宿地分布最高的时期;春季猴群则多选择在低海拔地区夜宿,平均海拔在一年中最低(3082m)。猴群夜宿地集中分布于3200～3400m的海拔范围,随季节变化,不同海拔梯度上的夜宿地数量和利用频次差异明显。虽然猴群夜宿地主要位于针阔混交林中,但是不同季节猴群夜宿地植被的组成明显不同。猴群明显偏好在位于南坡面和西坡面的地点过夜,在夏季和秋季尚未发现北坡向的夜宿地。研究还表明,不同季节,猴群都会不同程度地在少数几个地点多次过夜,但大多数夜宿地在一年中仅利用一次。滇金丝猴为什么会对某些地点多次利用尚需进一步研究证实。

关键词：滇金丝猴夜宿地海拔季节变化植被类型

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Mitochondrial phylogeography and population history of finless porpoises in Sino-Japanese waters

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BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY 2008年第1期95卷 193-204页

作者： Yang, Guang Guo, Li Bruford, Michael W. wei, fuwen Zhou, Kaiya Nanjing Normal Univ Jiangsu Key Lab Biodivers & Biotechnol Coll Life Sci Nanjing Peoples R China Cardiff Univ Sch Biosci Cardiff CF10 3TL S Glam Wales Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Beijing Peoples R China

Phylogeographical patterns of intraspecific variation can provide insights into the population-level processes responsible for speciation and yield information useful for conservation purposes. In the present study, three hundred and forty-five base pairs of the mitochondrial DNA control region were sequenced to analyse the genetic diversity, population structure and history, and phylogeography of finless porpoises (Neophocaena phocaenoides) in Chinese and Japanese waters of the North Pacific. Nucleotide and haplotype diversities were 0.44% and 0.79 +/- 0.01 for Chinese and Japanese waters, respectively, but varied significantly among populations. Analysis of molecular variance showed a high level of genetic structure between populations (Phi(ST) = 0.61, P < 0.001;F-ST = 0.52, P < 0.001). Eleven of 18 haplotypes were restricted to a single population, common haplotypes were found in two to four populations, but no haplotype was found throughout Sino-Japanese waters, suggesting multiple colonization events followed by limited gene flow. The inferred age of demographic expansion was from the end stage of the last ice age to the Holocene. No obvious phylogeographical pattern was revealed, including between saline and fresh water populations. A low level of genetic diversity for each population and high among-population differentiation in haplotype frequency were revealed, which suggest a role for random genetic drift, recent demographic bottlenecks, and reduced or limited gene flow in these populations. Some conservation considerations, with special reference to the unique Yangtze population, are discussed. (C) 2008 The Linnean Society of London.

关键词： conservation control region finless porpoise mitochondrial DNA

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Measuring daily ranging distances of Rhinopithecus bieti via a global positioning system collar at Jinsichang, China:: A methodological consideration

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY 2008年第3期29卷 783-794页

作者： Ren, Baoping Li, Ming Long, Yongcheng Grueter, Cyril C. wei, fuwen Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China China Program Nat Conservancy Kunming 650034 Yunnan Peoples R China Univ Zurich Inst Anthropol CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Beijing 100101 Peoples R China

There are few data on the daily ranging distances of Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti). We fitted 1 adult male from a natural group at Jinsichang in China's Yunnan Province with a global positioning system (GPS) collar and tracked him from December 2003 to October 2004 to estimate the daily ranging distances of the group. The total acquisition rate of the GPS collar was 82.2%, which indicates that one can use GPS collars to track the species efficiently in high-altitude, temperate, coniferous forest. We obtained group locations or fixes at 5 predetermined times during the day. The sleeping sites of the subjects are the key points to estimate the day range. We compared 2 measures of day range: the 2-point straight-line displacement and the multipoint cumulative daily ranging distance. Straight-line displacement between 2 consecutive mornings or 2 consecutive evenings can substitute for that between the morning sleeping site and the evening sleeping site. In general, the group does not move at night. The 2 measures of day range yielded different results. The multipoint cumulative daily ranging distance was the method of choice to measure their daily travel costs. The minimum required number of fixes per day was 3. Per statistical evidence, the number of full-day group follows per month influences the estimate of day range of the group and >= 10 d is required to obtain a reliable estimate;5 d per month might not be enough. We dealt mainly with the methodologic aspects of day range calculations. We did not address functional aspects on the estimate of day range, viz. the influence of vegetation, food distribution patterns, climate change, seasonality, and the monkey group itself.

关键词： day range efficacy of GPS collar Rhinopithecus bieti

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Reproductive characters and mating behaviour of wild Nomascus hainanus

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY 2008年第4期29卷 1037-1046页

作者： Zhou, Jiang wei, fuwen Li, Ming Lok, Chan Bosco Pui Wang, Deli NE Normal Univ Key Lab Vegetat Ecol Inst Grassland Sci Changchun 130024 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Beijing 100080 Peoples R China China Programme Kadoorie Farm & Bot Garden Tai Po Hong Kong Peoples R China

We report for the first time the reproductive behaviors of Hainan gibbons (Nomascus hainanus), based on 29 mo of field observations. Receptive females initiated courtship displays. Copulatory patterns involved the male mounting dorsoventrally from above and behind. Multiple intromissions with thrusting were brief, lasting < 10 s per copulation. We observed multiple copulations <= 4 times/d, but could not confirm multiple ejaculations. We also observed postconception proceptivity and copulations in sexually active females. We estimated the gestation period to be 136-173 d. Infants became independent at 1.5 yr, and the natal group could drive out maturing offspring at ca. 5.5 yr. The interbirth interval is ca. 24 mo. Our limited data also suggest that mating activities peak in the rainy season. The Hainan gibbons are polygynous, with a 1 male-2 females mating system. We hypothesize that suboptimal habitat quality and limited forest area may contribute to the current mating structure, but more work needs to be done over a longer period to understand better the sociosexual behaviors of this critically endangered species.

关键词： copulation pattern gestation period Hainan gibbon interbirth interval Nomascus hainanus polygyny reproductive behavior social structure

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Ranging of Rhinopithecus bieti in the Samage Forest, China. II. Use of Land Cover Types and Altitudes

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY 2008年第5期29卷 1147-1173页

作者： Li, Dayong Grueter, Cyril C. Ren, Baoping Long, Yongcheng Li, Ming Peng, Zhengsong wei, fuwen China W Normal Univ Coll Life Sci Nanchong 637002 Sichuan Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Univ Zurich Anthropol Inst & Museum CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland Jane Goodall Inst Switzerland CH-8006 Zurich Switzerland Nature Conservancy China Program Kunming 650034 Peoples R China

We investigated composition and structure of a temperate montane forest called Samage at Baimaxueshan National Nature Reserve in Yunnan, one of the last refuges for the highly endangered black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti). There is a patchwork of vegetation types at Samage, and we distinguished 6 major land cover types within the home range of the focal group. We tracked the semihabituated Gehuaqing band for a full annual cycle to study their habitat utilization and altitudinal ranging. We analyzed the group's selective use of particular habitat types via selection ratios. We calculated habitat availability from a GIS database. We found that they used mixed deciduous broadleaf/conifer forest disproportionately to its availability in all months. Subjects completely avoided meadows. Pine and evergreen broadleaf forests acted as corridors between patches of mixed forest and monkeys visited them occasionally, but at low frequencies and mostly in transit. The focal band stayed at elevations ranging from ca. 2600 m to 4000 m, and the mean elevation used is 3200 m. We found evidence for seasonal variation in use of elevational zones. The band stayed at significantly higher elevations in summer than in spring. The descent in spring was likely related to a flush of immature leaves at low-lying elevations. Availability of preferred fruits also had a highly positive influence on altitudinal ranging, i.e., during months with high fruit availability (late summer, early fall), the band stayed at medium elevations where preferred fruits were most abundant. Higher concentrations of lichens and the snub-nosed monkeys' search for not yet depleted fruits probably caused them to remain at mid-elevations in winter. There is no significant correlation between climate parameters and elevation used. One of the main inferences of this investigation is that, contrary to previous accounts, Rhinopithecus bieti is not universally associated with high-elevation dark fir for

关键词： altitudinal migration conifer elevation GIS golden monkey GPS habitat use lichen mixed forest Rhinopithecus seasonality temperate forest Yunnan

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Ranging of Rhinopithecus bieti in the Samage Forest, China. I. Characteristics of Range Use

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY 2008年第5期29卷 1121-1145页

作者： Grueter, Cyril C. Li, Dayong van Schaik, Carel P. Ren, Baoping Long, Yongcheng wei, fuwen Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Univ Zurich Anthropol Inst & Museum CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland China W Normal Univ Coll Life Sci Nanchong 637002 Sichuan Peoples R China Nat Conservancy China Program Kunming 650034 Peoples R China

We quantified the home range and explored the style of ranging of black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti) in the subtropical-temperate montane Samage Forest (part of Baimaxueshan Nature Reserve) in the vicinity of Gehuaqing. Over 14.5 mo, we took positional records of the study band via a GPS receiver at 30-min intervals, and found that they covered an area of 32 km(2). Over a 10-yr period, the group even ranged in an area of 56 km(2), which is among the largest home range estimates for any primate. The large home range was probably due to the combined effects of large group size (N > 400) and forest heterogeneity, with seasonally food-rich areas interspersed with less valuable areas. The subjects did not use their home range uniformly: 29% of the grid cells had more location records than expected based on a uniform distribution, thus representing a core area, albeit a disjunct one. A continuous 1-mo group follow in the fall revealed that the band traveled on average 1.62 km/d and that days of concentrated use of a particular forest block were followed by more extensive marches. Neither climate nor human disturbance parameters correlate significantly with monthly estimates of the group's home range size. Even though there is no significant correlation between temporal availability of plant phenophases and range size, our observations implicate temporal and spatial availability of food as a determinant of home range use of the focal group. Winter, spring, and summer home ranges are equally large: 18.2, 17.8, and 18.6 km(2), respectively. Home range decreased markedly in fall (9.3 km(2)), probably because the band obtained sufficient food resources (fruit) in a smaller area. The large winter range is best attributed to the exploitation of dispersed clumped patches of mature fruits.

关键词： Colobinae home range Rhinopithecus temperate environment Yunnan

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云南塔城滇金丝猴掘食行为的初步研究

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兽类学报 2008年第3期28卷 237-241页

作者：任宝平李明魏辅文中国科学院动物研究所

2006年3月至2007年5月,我们对云南塔城一个滇金丝猴群进行了连续跟踪,旨在调查其生境利用情况。在此期间,我们发现滇金丝猴在地面有掘土行为。通过照片分析,发现滇金丝猴的这种掘食行为旨在获取某种植物地下球茎。后分别在两个地点采用... 详细信息

2006年3月至2007年5月,我们对云南塔城一个滇金丝猴群进行了连续跟踪,旨在调查其生境利用情况。在此期间,我们发现滇金丝猴在地面有掘土行为。通过照片分析,发现滇金丝猴的这种掘食行为旨在获取某种植物地下球茎。后分别在两个地点采用焦点动物行为记录法对这种掘食行为进行了记录。通过比较单次掘食行为的持续时间、掘食行为的发生频次以及掘取成功率,我们发现这些指标在不同年龄-性别组个体间的差异明显。成年雄猴的成功率明显高于其它两组;在单次掘食行为的时间花费上,成年雄猴和雌猴之间无差别,而亚成年个体表现为用时短和变换挖掘地点频繁的特点。就雄猴而言,成年有助于掘食成功。同时发现,带新生仔的雌猴也会下地采掘,但尚无成功采食纪录。进食植物球茎的过程中未发现分享块茎行为,但有抢食表现。

关键词：滇金丝猴掘食行为植物球茎

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