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兽类学报 2022年第5期42卷 475-476页

作者：魏辅文中国科学院动物研究所动物生态与保护生物学院重点实验室

青藏高原是我国重要的生态屏障区，动物资源丰富，物种独特，是开展野生动物保护生物学研究的天然实验室。尽管青藏高原野生动物保护研究已取得重要成就，但随着科学技术的发展与进步，未来可以在以下3个方面进一步加强。一是坚持高原... 详细信息

青藏高原是我国重要的生态屏障区，动物资源丰富，物种独特，是开展野生动物保护生物学研究的天然实验室。尽管青藏高原野生动物保护研究已取得重要成就，但随着科学技术的发展与进步，未来可以在以下3个方面进一步加强。一是坚持高原野生动物种群及栖息地的长期监测；二是利用多学科交叉及宏微观结合的技术与方法开展整合生物学研究；三是进一步加强高原野生动物保护生物学研究青年科技人才的培养。

关键词：野生动物保护生物学青藏高原

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Unity of Nature and Man: a new vision and conceptual framework for the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework

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National Science Review 2021年第7期8卷 21-25页

作者： Tianxiao Ma Yisi Hu Meng Wang Lijun Yu fuwen wei CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)

People live in nature. However, substantial evidence confirms that, under the pressure of anthropogenic alteration,nature is being fragmented, imperiled and becoming less able to provide essential services [1]. Biodiversity loss is the most significant signal of this depletion,and could profoundly impact the future of human beings and the rest of life on Earth [2].

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论缔约方科学机构在履行《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》中的作用

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中国科学院院刊 2022年第11期37卷 1614-1622页

作者：朱江魏辅文中华人民共和国濒危物种科学委员会北京100101 中国科学院动物研究所北京100101

《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》(CITES)旨在确保濒危野生动植物的生存免受国际贸易的威胁,是保护野生动植物资源最有力的国际公约之一。作为缔约方履约机构的重要组成部分,科学机构肩负着确保国际野生动植物贸易满足公约可持续性、... 详细信息

《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》(CITES)旨在确保濒危野生动植物的生存免受国际贸易的威胁,是保护野生动植物资源最有力的国际公约之一。作为缔约方履约机构的重要组成部分,科学机构肩负着确保国际野生动植物贸易满足公约可持续性、合法性及可追溯性要求的责任。科学机构的工作范围广、涉及领域多,包括:组织开展动植物种科学研究,掌握物种基础科学信息,了解公约贸易政策,为野生动植物进出口贸易提供科学咨询,熟悉公约谈判规则,参与国家履约谈判,开展履约科普宣传,提高全社会的野生动植物保护意识等。中华人民共和国濒危物种科学委员会(简称“国家濒科委”)作为我国的CITES科学机构,自成立以来,依托中国科学院,依靠广大科学家,与相关部门密切合作,取得了一系列重要成绩,得到国内外的高度评价。目前,面对履约新形势,国家濒科委也面临着一系列挑战,需要在物种科学研究、促进领域协作、深化履约合作、专家智库建设、信息平台建设等方面得到进一步提升,以期为全球濒危野生动植物保护作出更大贡献。

关键词：濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约科学机构科学履约濒危野生动植物种保护野生动植物种国际贸易

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PandaGUT provides new insights into bacterial diversity, function, and resistome landscapes with implications for conservation

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MICROBIOME 2023年第1期11卷 1-15页

作者： Huang, Guangping Shi, Wenyu Wang, Le Qu, Qingyue Zuo, Zhenqiang Wang, Jinfeng Zhao, Fangqing wei, fuwen Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool CAS Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Microbiol Microbial Resource & Big Data Ctr Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Beijing Inst Life Sci Lab Computat Genom Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Jiangxi Agr Univ Coll Forestry Nanchang 330045 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

BackgroundThe gut microbiota play important roles in host adaptation and evolution, but are understudied in natural population of wild mammals. To address host adaptive evolution and improve conservation efforts of threatened mammals from a metagenomic perspective, we established a high-quality gut microbiome catalog of the giant panda (pandaGUT) to resolve the microbiome diversity, functional, and resistome landscapes using approximately 7 Tbp of long- and short-read sequencing data from 439 stool *** pandaGUT catalog comprises 820 metagenome-assembled genomes, including 40 complete closed genomes, and 64.5% of which belong to species that have not been previously reported, greatly expanding the coverage of most prokaryotic lineages. The catalog contains 2.37 million unique genes, with 74.8% possessing complete open read frames, facilitating future mining of microbial functional potential. We identified three microbial enterotypes across wild and captive panda populations characterized by Clostridium, Pseudomonas, and Escherichia, respectively. We found that wild pandas exhibited host genetic-specific microbial structures and functions, suggesting host-gut microbiota phylosymbiosis, while the captive cohorts encoded more multi-drug resistance *** study provides largely untapped resources for biochemical and biotechnological applications as well as potential intervention avenues via the rational manipulation of microbial diversity and reducing antibiotic usage for future conservation management of wildlife.6KUVWwvzFXHebBwiyZoAvnVideo AbstractConclusionsOur study provides largely untapped resources for biochemical and biotechnological applications as well as potential intervention avenues via the rational manipulation of microbial diversity and reducing antibiotic usage for future conservation management of wildlife.6KUVWwvzFXHebBwiyZoAvnVideo Abstract

关键词： Wild mammal Gut microbiome Giant panda Diversity Adaptive evolution Conservation

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Behavioural thermoregulation by montane ungulates under climate warming

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DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS 2022年第10期28卷 2229-2238页

作者： Zhou, Wenliang Wang, Meng Gao, Kai Gao, Hualei wei, fuwen Nie, Yonggang Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol 1-5 Beichen Xilu Beijing Peoples R China Ctr Evolut & Conservat Biol Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab Guangzho Guangzhou Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing Peoples R China Beijing Normal Univ Coll Life Sci Key Lab Biodivers Sci & Ecol Engn Minist Educ Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Ctr Excellence Anim Evolut & Genet Kunming Yunnan Peoples R China

Aim: Global warming is threatening species survival worldwide. Cold-adapted montane ungulates may be among the first species to be affected by global warming. Here, we investigate the behavioural thermoregulation hypothesis that montane ungulates buffer the effects of warming climate through behavioural adjustment. Location: Foping National Nature Reserve (FNNR) on the southern slopes of the Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi, China. Methods: We used infrared camera traps over six consecutive years to monitor behavioural responses of montane ungulates to seasonal and diurnal changes in ambient temperature. We evaluated how seasonal altitudinal migration and changes to their daily activity budget may mitigate the effect of warming on montane ungulates. Results: All four montane ungulate species examined here preferred ambient temperatures <22 degrees C in summer. On this basis, we estimate that 27.9% (+2 degrees C) and 46.7% (+3 degrees C) of suitable summer habitats will become unsuitable under climate change. Chinese muntjac and tufted deer displayed behavioural changes to daily activity budgets, which may help them overcome global climate warming to a certain extent. By contrast, golden takin and wild boar did not display similar behavioural changes, and it may be because they are not affected by current shifts in climate due to larger body size and thus lower thermal stress. Main Conclusions: These analyses demonstrate different species responses to warming are likely and are determined by specific tolerances to ambient temperature thresholds. However, it remains to be seen whether species interactions caused by behavioural shifts may affect species ability to respond to climate.

关键词： altitudinal migration behavioural thermoregulation climate change thermal preference ungulates

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Habitat connectivity drives panda recovery

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CURRENT BIOLOGY 2024年第17期34卷 3894-3904.e3页

作者： Wang, Meng Wang, Guiming Huang, Guangping Kouba, Andy Swaisgood, Ronald R. Zhou, Wenliang Hu, Yibo Nie, Yonggang wei, fuwen Jiangxi Agr Univ Coll Forestry Jiangxi Prov Key Lab Conservat Biol Nanchang 330045 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Mississippi State Univ Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture Starkville MS 39762 USA Conservat Sci & Wildlife Hlth San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance Escondido CA 92027 USA Ctr Evolut & Conservat Biol Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab Guangzhou Guangzhou 511458 Peoples R China

Globally, the majority of habitat loss is irreversible, and most species will never recover their former ranges. We have learned a great deal about what leads to population decline and extinction, but less about recovery. The recently downlisted giant panda provides a unique opportunity to understand the mechanisms of species recovery. In our study, we estimate giant panda suitable habitats, population density, and gene flow across landscapes to fully investigate the direct and indirect ecological mechanisms underlying bold conservation strategies. We found that the Giant Panda National Survey has modestly but systematically underestimated population size. China's effort to mitigate anthropogenic disturbances was associated with increased panda population density through improving habitat quality and reducing habitat fragmentation. Enhanced landscape connectivity reduced inbreeding via gene flow but indirectly increased inbreeding temporarily due to high local panda density. Although the panda's recovery has been geographically uneven, we provide evidence for improving connectivity and gene flow resulting from conservation efforts. If these processes can be sustained and improved, the panda's path to recovery will be less encumbered by loss of genetic diversity, fostering hope that the present rate of recovery will not be stalled. Findings from this study will not only help guide future giant panda conservation management but also provide a model for how a more mechanistic examination of the genetic processes underlying species recovery can foster the development of more effective strategies for endangered species recovery.

关键词： effective population size gene flow genetic diversity giant panda habitat patches landscape connectivity population density species recovery

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Exploring marine endosymbiosis systems with omics techniques

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2021年第6期64卷 1013-1016页

作者： Yisi Hu Shuyan Sun Huizhong Fan Wenliang Zhou fuwen wei CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou)Guangzhou 511458China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Endosymbiosis is the phenomenon where one organism lives inside another,usually in a mutualistic *** this system,the hosts provide shelter and nutrients to the endosymbionts,who could affect the hosts in a physiologic... 详细信息

关键词： evolutionary marine mutual

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Interactions of Microplastics and Methane Seepage in the Deep-Sea Environment

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Engineering 2023年第10期29卷 159-167页

作者： Jing-Chun Feng Zhifeng Yang Wenliang Zhou Xingwei Feng fuwen wei Bo Li Chuanxin Ma Si Zhang Linlin Xia Yanpeng Cai Yi Wang Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds Institute of Environmental and Ecological EngineeringGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate Guangzhou Institute of Energy ConversionChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Guangzhou Center for Gas Hydrate Research Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China

Microplastics(MPs)are important exempla of the Anthropocene and are exerting an increasing impact on Earth’s carbon *** huge imbalance between the MPs floating on the marine surface and those that are estimated to have been introduced into the ocean necessitates a detailed assessment of marine MP ***,we demonstrate that cold seep sediments,which are characterized by methane fluid seepage and a chemosynthetic ecosystem,effectively capture and accommodate small-scale(<100μm)MPs,with 16 types of MPs being *** abundance of MPs in the surface of the sediment is higher in methane-seepage locations than in non-seepage *** seepage is beneficial to the accumulation,fragmentation,increased diversity,and aging of *** turn,the rough surfaces of MPs contribute to the sequestration of the electron acceptor ferric oxide,which is associated with the anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM).The efficiency of the AOM determines whether the seeping methane(which has a greenhouse effect 83 times greater than that of CO_(2)over a 20-year period)can enter the atmosphere,which is important to the global methane cycle,since the deep-sea environment is regarded as the largest methane reservoir associated with natural gas hydrates.

关键词： Microplastics Anaerobic oxidation of methane Cold seeps Diversity index Fragmentation Gas hydrates

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Taking a color photo: A homozygous 25-bp deletion in Bace2 may cause brown- and- white coat color in giant pandas

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2024年第11期121卷 e2317430121页

作者： Guan, Dengfeng Sun, Shuyan Song, Lingyun Zhao, Pengpeng Nie, Yonggang Huang, Xin Zhou, Wenliang Yan, Li Lei, Yinghu Hu, Yibo wei, fuwen Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Jiangxi Agr Univ Jiangxi Prov Key Lab Conservat Biol Nanchang 330045 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Shaanxi Louguantai Rescue & Breeding Ctr Rare Wild Xian 710402 Peoples R China Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab Guangzhou Ctr Evolut & Conservat Biol Guangzhou 511458 Peoples R China

Brown- and - white giant pandas (hereafter brown pandas) are distinct coat color mutants found exclusively in the Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi, China. However, its genetic mechanism has remained unclear since their discovery in 1985. Here, we identified the genetic basis for this coat color variation using a combination of field ecological data, population genomic data, and a CRISPR-Cas9 knockout mouse model. We de novo assembled a long- read - based giant panda genome and resequenced the genomes of 35 giant pandas, including two brown pandas and two family trios associated with a brown panda. We identified a homozygous 25 - bp deletion in the first exon of Bace2, a gene encoding amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme, as the most likely genetic basis for brown- and - white coat color. This deletion was further validated using PCR and Sanger sequencing of another 192 black giant pandas and CRISPR-Cas9 edited knockout mice. Our investigation revealed that this mutation reduced the number and size of melanosomes of the hairs in knockout mice and possibly in the brown panda, further leading to the hypopigmentation. These findings provide unique insights into the genetic basis of coat color variation in wild animals. Significance Coat color variation is one of the most diverse traits in wild animals. The giant pandas can have a color photo because of the occurrence of brown pandas. However, the genetic basis of the brown- and - white coat color has remained elusive in the past about four decades. We identified a homozygous 25 - bp deletion in the first exon of Bace2 as the most likely genetic basis for brown- and - white coat color variation in giant pandas. Our study provides unique insights into the genetic basis of coat color variation in wild animals and will guide scientific breeding of the rare brown pandas.

关键词： coat color variation brown giant panda population genomics Bace2 melanosome

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Community structure of the solitary giant pandas is maintained by indirect social connections

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MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2022年第1期10卷 1-11页

作者： Zhou, Wenliang Wang, Meng Ma, Yingjie Wang, Le Hu, Yibo wei, fuwen Nie, Yonggang Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol 1-5 Beichen Xilu Beijing Peoples R China Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab Guangzhou Ctr Evolut & Conservat Biol Guangzhou Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Ctr Excellence Anim Evolut & Genet Kunming Peoples R China

Background Indirect interactions between individual solitary mammals, such as the giant panda, are often overlooked because of their nature, yet are important for maintaining the necessary sociality in solitary species. Methods and results Here, we determined the genetic identity of all giant panda individuals in a local population and matched these identities with their associations to determine social network of this solitary animal. Total thirty-five giant panda individuals were found in our field survey, and we constructed genetic and social networks for thirty-three individuals who successfully obtained genetic, age and sex information. The results showed that sex had great impact on both social network and genetic network, and age may have the potential to influence the social network of the giant pandas. Adult males, mostly in the central of the social network, which appeared significantly larger network connections than adult females. Due to the female-biased dispersal pattern of wild giant pandas, male-male pairs showed higher relatedness than female-female ones and multi-generational patrilinear assemblages are expected in the study area. Conclusions The relatedness of individuals has an influence on the formation of community social structure of giant pandas, and indirect interactions among solitary giant pandas potentially function to reduce competition for resources and inbreeding.

关键词： Giant panda Social networks Genetic network Non-invasive genetic sampling Social structure

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