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Fullerene-Liquid-Crystal-Induced Micrometer-Scale Charge-Carrier Diffusion in Organic Bulk Heterojunction

ADVANCED MATERIALS 2023年第9期35卷 2210463-2210463页

作者： Zhao, fuwen He, Dan Zou, Can Li, Yawen wang, Ke Zhang, Jianqi Yang, Shuang Tu, Yingfeng wang, Chunru Lin, Yuze Cent South Univ State Key Lab Powder Met Changsha 410083 Peoples R China Inst Chem Chinese Acad Sci Beijing Natl Lab Mol Sci CAS Key Lab Organ Solids Beijing 100190 Peoples R China East China Univ Sci & Technol Shanghai Engn Res Ctr Hierarch Nanomat Sch Mat Sci & Engn Key Lab Ultrafine Mat Minist Educ Shanghai 201100 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100190 Peoples R China CAS Ctr Excellence Nanosci Natl Ctr Nanosci & Technol CAS Key Lab Nanosyst & Hierarch Fabricat Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Soochow Univ Coll Chem Chem Engn & Mat Sci Suzhou 215000 Peoples R China

The short charge-carrier diffusion length (L-D) (100-300 nm) in organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) impedes the further improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs), especially for thick-film (>400 nm) devices matching with industrial solution processing. Here a facile method is developed to efficiently increase L-D and then improve PCEs of OSCs via introducing a fullerene liquid crystal, F1, into the active layer. F1 combines the inherent high electron mobility of fullerene and strong self-assembly capacity of liquid crystal, providing a fast channel for charge-carrier transport and reducing energetic disorder and trap density in BHJ film via enhancing crystallization. Typically, in PM6:Y6:F1 BHJ, the enhanced charge-carrier mobility (>10(-2) cm(-2) V-1 s(-1)) and prolonged charge-carrier lifetime (55.3 mu s) are acquired to realize the record L-D of 1.6 or 2.4 mu m for electron or hole, respectively, which are much higher than those of the PM6:Y6 binary sample and comparable to or even better than those values reported for some inorganic/hybrid materials, such as CuInxGa(1-x)Se2 (CIGS) and perovskite thin films. Benefitting from the micrometer-scale L-D, the PM6:Y6:F1 ternary OSCs sustain a remarkable PCE of 15.23% with the active layer thickness approaching 500 nm.

关键词： charge-carrier diffusion length fullerene liquid crystals high-efficiency thick-film devices organic solar cells

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Petri nets-based digital twin drives dual-arm cooperative manipulation

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COMPUTERS IN INDUSTRY 2023年第1期147卷

作者： Hu, fuwen wang, Wei Zhou, Jinghua North China Univ Technol Sch Mech & Mat Engn Beijing 100144 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Sch Mech Engn & Automation Beijing 100191 Peoples R China North China Univ Technol Sch Elect & Control Engn Beijing 100144 Peoples R China North China Univ Technol Sch Mech & Mat Engn Jinyuanzhuang Rd 5 Beijing 100144 Peoples R China

The emerging concept of digital twin (DT) creates a holistic vision to change how we view the design and operation of a cyber-physical system (CPS), and how to reconfigure its function and structure to deal with the scenario of complexity and uncertainty that arises from reality. In this work, we firstly surveyed the typical narrative frameworks of DT modelling: generalized layered method, decomposition and composition method, Asset Administration Shell framework, and standardized architecture. Secondly, the Petri nets-based digital twin framework for the robotic dual-arm cooperative system was presented in detail through the domain-based and entity-based systematization methodology. The proposed framework generated a conceptually embodied and situated DT environment, which not only represented the highly hybrid nature (i.e., continuous, discrete and cooperative) of the dual-arm cooperative operation process, but also avoided the complex decoupling calculation of closed kinematic chains in the bi-manual manipulation of industrial arms. Furthermore, two digital twin in-stances clearly demonstrated that the holonic integration of operational technologies equipment, information technologies and DT through the industrial internet of things manifested a game-changing potential to upgrade the capability of an existing brownfield CPS to perform complex tasks. Concluding, by coupling the discrete event simulation at the highly abstract level and the 3D offline programming simulation in the intuitively DT envi-ronment, this comprehensive practice of DT to transform the loose DT metaphor into strictly industrial domains provided an illuminating cross-increment for both the robotic community and the DT facilitators.

关键词： Dual-arm manipulation Digital twin Motion and path planning Petri nets Cooperative robot

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轨道电路的雷击侵入路径分析

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铁路通信信号工程技术 2020年第1期17卷 106-110页

作者：赫忠良王福文林智文中国铁路哈尔滨局集团有限公司电务部

雷击故障是铁路信号系统中的常见故障,以ZPW-2000A轨道电路为切入点,结合两起现场实际案例,分析直击雷和感应雷的侵入路径,最后给出防雷接地的一些建议,对今后雷击故障分析和防雷设计提供指导依据。

关键词： ZPW-2000A轨道电路雷击侵入路径

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Ternary polythiophene enables over 17% efficiency organic solar cells

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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A 2024年第18期12卷 10984-10990页

作者： Ai, Qi Lin, Zhihui Wu, Xiangxi Zhu, Yufan wang, Ke Li, Xiaojun Zhang, Jianqi He, Dan Li, Yongfang Zhao, fuwen Cent South Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn State Key Lab Powder Met Changsha 410083 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Beijing Natl Lab Mol Sci CAS Key Lab Organ Solids Inst Chem Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Natl Ctr Nanosci & Technol CAS Ctr Excellence Nanosci CAS Key Lab Nanosyst & Hierarch Fabricat Beijing 100190 Peoples R China

Polythiophenes (PTs) are one of the most promising donor materials for organic solar cells (OSCs), because of their low-cost production. However, most PT-based OSCs suffer from inferior power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) currently, mainly due to the mismatched energy levels and hyper-miscibility of PTs with state-of-the-art fused ring electron acceptors (FREAs). On account of the issues, two ternary PT donors, PT-CN and PT-2CN, are developed by inserting the simple and strong electron-withdrawing units (3-cyanothiophene and 3,4-dicyanothiophene) into a low-cost PT, PTVT-T, via random copolymerization, respectively. Introducing the ternary unit not only deepens the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level and brings down the miscibility of PTs with FREAs, but also makes the crystallinity of the PTs first increase then decrease from PTVT-T, PT-CN to PT-2CN. Thus, the moderate miscibility and highest crystallinity of PT-CN endows the PT-CN:BTP-eC9 blend film with proper phase separation having orderly molecular stacking to achieve the most efficient exciton dissociation and lowest trap density. Such enables PT-CN:BTP-eC9 based devices to achieve the highest charge carrier mobilities and lifetime, suppressing charge carrier recombination and facilitating charge carrier extraction. Therefore, the PT-CN:BTP-eC9 based OSC affords a higher PCE of 17.27% than PTVT-T:BTP-eC9 and PT-2CN:BTP-eC9 based counterparts, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the highest value for PT-based OSCs so far. The results demonstrate that ternary copolymerization is a facile and efficient route to realize high-efficiency but low-cost PT donors. Two ternary polythiophenes (PTs), PT-CN and PT-2CN, as donors are developed to deepen energy levels, reduce miscibility and regulate crystallinity. PT-CN:BTP-eC9 based OSCs gain an impressive PCE of 17.27%, which is the record for PT-based OSCs.

关键词： Molecular orbitals

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适时四驱多片离合器热问题分析及优化

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汽车实用技术 2020年第12期45卷 73-76页

作者：王敷玟张家彬徐霖广州汽车集团股份有限公司汽车工程研究院广东广州511434

介绍了运用于某适时四驱的轴间多片离合器,针对轴间多片离合器在恶劣工况下容易过热的问题,通过摩擦学及热力学理论,分析多片离合器的热平衡机理,提出多片离合器的温度控制方法,并通过实车进行参数标定,实践表明:提出的温度控制方法能... 详细信息

介绍了运用于某适时四驱的轴间多片离合器,针对轴间多片离合器在恶劣工况下容易过热的问题,通过摩擦学及热力学理论,分析多片离合器的热平衡机理,提出多片离合器的温度控制方法,并通过实车进行参数标定,实践表明:提出的温度控制方法能有效抑制多片离合器片温升,从而提升车辆在严苛工况下的连续越野性能,为车辆越野持续性能提升提供解决方案,具有较强的工程应用价值。

关键词：多片离合器热平衡温控方法越野性能

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Community structure of the solitary giant pandas is maintained by indirect social connections

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MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2022年第1期10卷 53页

作者： Zhou, Wenliang wang, Meng Ma, Yingjie wang, Le Hu, Yibo Wei, fuwen Nie, Yonggang Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol 1-5 Beichen Xilu Beijing Peoples R China Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab Guangzhou Ctr Evolut & Conservat Biol Guangzhou Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Ctr Excellence Anim Evolut & Genet Kunming Peoples R China

Background Indirect interactions between individual solitary mammals, such as the giant panda, are often overlooked because of their nature, yet are important for maintaining the necessary sociality in solitary species. Methods and results Here, we determined the genetic identity of all giant panda individuals in a local population and matched these identities with their associations to determine social network of this solitary animal. Total thirty-five giant panda individuals were found in our field survey, and we constructed genetic and social networks for thirty-three individuals who successfully obtained genetic, age and sex information. The results showed that sex had great impact on both social network and genetic network, and age may have the potential to influence the social network of the giant pandas. Adult males, mostly in the central of the social network, which appeared significantly larger network connections than adult females. Due to the female-biased dispersal pattern of wild giant pandas, male-male pairs showed higher relatedness than female-female ones and multi-generational patrilinear assemblages are expected in the study area. Conclusions The relatedness of individuals has an influence on the formation of community social structure of giant pandas, and indirect interactions among solitary giant pandas potentially function to reduce competition for resources and inbreeding.

关键词： Giant panda Social networks Genetic network Non-invasive genetic sampling Social structure

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Prolonging the exciton diffusion length by manipulating molecular stacking enables pseudo-planar heterojunction organic solar cells to achieve over 19% efficiency

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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A 2024年第20期12卷 12208-12215页

作者： wang, Ke Zhao, fuwen Zhu, Yufan He, Yi Liu, Zesheng Han, Xiao Ai, Qi Shen, Xingxing Li, Bao Zhang, Jianqi Lin, Yuze wang, Chunru He, Dan Cent South Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn State Key Lab Powder Met Changsha 410083 Peoples R China Inst Chem Chinese Acad Sci Beijing Natl Lab Mol Sci CAS Key Lab Organ Solids Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Chem Lab Mol Nanostruct & Nanotechnol Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Coll Mat Sci & Optoelect Technol Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Ctr Mat Sci & Optoelect Engn Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci CAS Ctr Excellence Topol Quantum Computat Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci CAS Key Lab Vacuum Phys Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Hebei Normal Univ Sci & Technol Coll Chem Engn Qinhuangdao 066004 Peoples R China Henan Normal Univ Sch Chem & Chem Engn Xinxiang 453007 Peoples R China CAS Ctr Excellence Nanosci Natl Ctr Nanosci & Technol CAS Key Lab Nanosyst & Hierarch Fabricat Beijing 100190 Peoples R China

The limited exciton diffusion length (LD) of organic semiconductors constraints exciton dissociation in pseudo-planar heterojunction (PPHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs), which is deemed the bottleneck hampering the further improvement in their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). Herein, a solid-additive strategy was proposed to efficiently prolong the LD in PPHJ OSCs by developing a volatile solid additive, SA-5F, and blending it in non-fullerene acceptors. The addition of SA-5F endowed a Y6+ film with improved crystallinity and more compact molecular stacking, resulting in a higher photoluminescence quantum yield, larger overlap between its absorption and emission spectra, and shorter intermolecular distance compared with a pristine Y6 film. Thus, the Y6+ film achieved a higher exciton diffusion coefficient of 1.36 x 10-3 cm2 s-1 and, thus, similar to 24% improvement in the LD to 10.27 nm. The prolonged LD enabled D18/Y6+-based PPHJ devices to realize more efficient exciton dissociation and weaker charge recombination compared with their D18/Y6 counterparts. Therefore, D18/Y6+-based PPHJ OSCs afforded an impressive PCE of 19.11%, which is among the highest values reported to date. Moreover, this strategy exhibits excellent universality in improving the photovoltaic performance of different systems. Thus, it was demonstrated that introducing a solid additive is an efficient and universal strategy to prolong the LD in PPHJ OSCs and consequently boost their PCEs. A solid additive, SA-5F, is employed to promote molecular stacking, which leads to higher crystallinity, boosting the exciton diffusion coefficient and then exciton diffusion length. Thus, D18/Y6+-based PPHJ OSCs afford an impressive PCE of 19.11%.

关键词： Organic solar cells

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Designing Superhydrophilic Hydrogels as Binder-Free Catalysts for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Performance (vol 62, pg 5543, 2023)

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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH 2023年第17期62卷 6806-6806页

作者： Yan, Yong Zhang, Chenyang Deng, Xin Zhang, Jin Xue, Yali Zhang, Jie Luo, Yingjian Yang, fuwen wang, Gang wang, Ruilin Chen, Jinwei College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices Ministry of Education Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China

Water electrolysis is an environmentally friendly and sustainable hydrogen production method. The proper design of the catalyst surface is essential for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in the water electrolysis process because the catalytic effect is highly dependent on contact surface properties such as the homogeneity of the coating and the stability of the catalyst, as well as the wettability of the electrolyte. Herein, hydrogel [consisting of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) cross-linked with quaternized chitosan (HACC)] loaded on nickel foam (NF) was chosen to study the OER properties of iron (Fe) in organic molecules. Owing to the unique hydrophilicity, uniformity, and stability of hydrogel, the superhydrophilic Fe-HACC-PVA/NF exhibits a low overpotential of 225 mV versus reversible hydrogen electrode at 10 mA cm–2 and shows favorable stability (only 2.3% loss of current density after 24 h at 100 mA cm–2), which outperforms most Fe-based transition-metal OER catalysts. This work demonstrates that introducing a superhydrophilic catalyst surface structure to dissociate the adsorbed water is a productive strategy to enhance the performance of OER. Furthermore, the rational design of hydrophilic interface materials in this work provides a facile method to developing OER catalysts.

关键词： Catalysts Electrolytes Hydrogels Radiology Stability

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The impact of perioperative opioid use on postoperative outcomes following spinal surgery: a meta-analysis of 60 cohort studies with 13 million participants

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SPINE JOURNAL 2024年第2期24卷 278-296页

作者： Luo, Mingjiang Shi, fuwen wang, Hongxu Chen, Zuoxuan Dai, Huijie Shi, Yuxin Chen, Jiang Tang, Siliang Huang, Jingshan Xiao, Zhihong Univ South China Affiliated Hosp 2 Hengyang Med Sch Dept Spinal Surg Hengyang Hunan Peoples R China Univ South China Hengyang Med Sch Hengyang Hunan Peoples R China Xinjiang Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Affiliated Stomatol Hosp Dept Pediat Dent Urumqi 830054 Peoples R China Univ South China Affiliated Hosp 2 Hengyang Med Sch Dept Spine Surg Hengyang 421000 Peoples R China

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: An important factor for the prognosis of spinal surgery is the perioperative use of opioids. However, the relationship is not clear. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of perioperative opioid use on the prognosis of patients following spinal surgery. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Systematic review and meta -analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES: A meta -analysis was conducted using the random -effects method to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). METHODS: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched to find relevant articles that were published until September 2, 2022. The primary outcome was prolonged postoperative opioid use, and secondary outcomes included the length of stay (LOS), reoperation, the time to return to work (RTW), postoperative complications, gastrointestinal complications, new permanent disability, central nervous system events and infection. In addition, subgroup analysis of the primary outcome was conducted to explore the main sources of heterogeneity, and sensitivity analysis of all outcomes was performed to evaluate the stability of the results. RESULTS: A total of 60 cohort studies involving 13,219,228 individuals met the inclusion criteria. Meta -analysis showed that perioperative opioid use was specifically related to prolonged postoperative opioid use (OR 6.91, 95% CI 6.09 to 7.84, p<.01). Furthermore, the results also showed that perioperative opioid use was significantly associated with prolonged LOS (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.18, p<.01), postoperative complications (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.26 to 2.36, p<.01), reoperation (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.85 to 3.07, p<.01), the time to RTW (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.52, p<.01), gastrointestinal complications (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.30 to 1.48, p<.01), central nervous system events (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.27, p=.07) and infection (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.36, p=.01). These results were corroborated by the trim -a

关键词： Cohort study Meta-analysis Opioid use Spinal surgery

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Characteristics, Source Apportionment, and Health Risk of Heavy Metals in the Soils of Peri-urban Shanghai Chongming Island

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ACS OMEGA 2024年第42期9卷 42734-42745页

作者： Shen, Cheng wang, Min Su, Jinghua Sun, Huilun Hu, Wenan Lin, Kuangfei Wu, Jian Liu, fuwen Chen, Xiurong Sha, Chenyan East China Univ Sci & Technol Sch Resources & Environm Engn State Environm Protect Key Lab Environm Risk Asses Shanghai 200237 Peoples R China Shanghai Acad Environm Sci State Environm Protect Engn Ctr Urban Soil Contami Shanghai 200233 Peoples R China East China Normal Univ Sch Ecol & Environm Sci Shanghai 200241 Peoples R China Shanghai Technol Ctr Reduct Pollut & Carbon Emiss Shanghai 200235 Peoples R China Shanghai Inst Technol Sch Chem & Environm Engn Shanghai 201418 Peoples R China

Heavy metals resulting from human activities pose significant threats to human health and the soil ecosystem. In the current study, 917 soil samples from Chongming Island in Shanghai, China, were examined for eight heavy metals. The sources of contamination were identified by using a Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model. Meanwhile, spatial interpolation and Moran's I index were applied to validate the model in terms of spatial linkages. The results revealed that the average concentrations of As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ni in the soil were 8.87, 0.19, 0.06, 28.75, 76.01, 37.74, 88.93, and 30.33 mg kg(-1), respectively. The PMF analysis proved that heavy metals in the soil of the study area are mainly influenced by traffic sources (Cr and Pb), industrial sources (Zn, Cd, and Cu), station sources (Hg), and natural sources (As and Ni), with contribution rates of 22.23, 26.25, 36.38, and 15.14%, respectively. The combination of Moran's index and the spatial analysis method not only verified the analytical results of the receptor model on the one hand but also served as a supplementary explanation for the sources of heavy metals in the soil. The health risk assessment indicated that noncarcinogenic values were below the threshold values. The total carcinogenic risk (R-T) of different heavy metals has a descending order of Cr > As > Ni > Cd. The R-T values of multiple heavy metals for children and adults were 5.28 x 10(-04) and 4.10 x 10(-05), respectively, which were close to the risk threshold. Therefore, attention should be paid to the health risks, especially for children's skin contact, which is the main exposure pathway.

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