The problem of quantized H control for networked control systems (NCSs) subject to time-varying delay and multiple packet dropouts is investigated in this paper. Both the control input and the measurement output signa...
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The problem of quantized H control for networked control systems (NCSs) subject to time-varying delay and multiple packet dropouts is investigated in this paper. Both the control input and the measurement output signals are quantized before being transmitted and the quantized errors are described as sector bound uncertainties. The measurement channel and the control channel packet dropouts are considered simultaneously, and the stochastic variables satisfying Bernoulli random binary distribution are utilized to model the random multiple packet dropouts. Sufficient conditions for the existence of an observer-based controller are established to ensure the exponential mean-square stablility of the closed-loop system and achieve the optimal H disturbance attenuation level. By using a globally convergent algorithm involving convex optimization, the nonconvex feasibility can be solved successfully. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method.
This study addresses the distributed average set-membership filtering of spatially varying processes using sensor networks. The system under consideration contains sensor saturation in the presence of unknown-but-boun...
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This study addresses the distributed average set-membership filtering of spatially varying processes using sensor networks. The system under consideration contains sensor saturation in the presence of unknown-but-bounded process and measurement noise in the sensor network. The so-called distributed average set-membership filtering is defined to quantify bounded consensus regarding the estimation error. A sufficient condition for distributed average set-membership filtering parameter design is established in terms of a set of time-varying linear matrix inequalities. A recursive algorithm is developed for computing the estimator, controller gains and the ellipsoid that guarantees to contain the true state. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Boron-doped hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si(B):H) films were prepared by electron cyclotron resonance plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (ECR-PECVD). The effect of Ar/H-2 ratio on the characteristic...
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Boron-doped hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si(B):H) films were prepared by electron cyclotron resonance plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (ECR-PECVD). The effect of Ar/H-2 ratio on the characteristic of as-grown nc-Si(B):H films was investigated systematically with Raman scattering, XRD, XPS as well as Hall effect measurements. The experimental results indicate that the increase of Ar/H-2 ratio can enhance the concentration of B in the as-grown films. On the other hand, with the Ar/H-2 ratio increasing, the crystallinity of the films deteriorated sharply, and the electrical properties of the as-grown films decreased. Langmuir Probe was used to investigate the electron temperature (T-e) of microwave activated B2H6/Ar/H-2 plasmas. Finally, the microscopic mechanism of the enhancement in doping efficiency was elucidated in terms of the plasma reaction equations of B2H6 and Langmuir probe testing result. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
In this study, the authors are concerned with the observer-based quantised H-infinity control problem for a class of discrete-time stochastic systems with random communication delays. The system under consideration in...
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In this study, the authors are concerned with the observer-based quantised H-infinity control problem for a class of discrete-time stochastic systems with random communication delays. The system under consideration involves signals quantisation, state-dependent disturbance as well as random communication delays. The measured output and the control input quantisation are considered simultaneously by using the sector bound approach, while the random communication delays from the sensor to the controller and from the controller to the plant are modelled by a linear function of the stochastic variable satisfying Bernoulli random binary distribution. It is aimed at designing an observer-based controller such that the dynamics of the closed-loop system is guaranteed to be exponentially stable in the mean square, and a prescribed H-infinity disturbance attenuation level is also achieved. Finally, a simulation example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Anthropogenic factors affect biodiversity and have led to the contraction or extinction of animal populations ***,we use historical demographic data,spanning the past 300 years,to show that a rapid distributional cont...
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Anthropogenic factors affect biodiversity and have led to the contraction or extinction of animal populations ***,we use historical demographic data,spanning the past 300 years,to show that a rapid distributional contraction of giant pandas took place during the 18th and 19th centuries alongside the increase in human ***-use also underwent a significant change across the areas where giant pandas were found because of government agricultural policy and the introduction of new *** impact of social development on giant pandas includes habitat loss and fragmentation,and range *** findings would facilitate the design of effective conservation strategies that seek to conserve and increase current habitats of this iconic species,especially in areas that our analysis has identified as places where pandas have suffered from high human pressure.
BACKGROUND:Surgical approaches for cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) include anterior, posterior, or combined decompression with or without fusion. The goal of surgery is to decompres...
BACKGROUND:Surgical approaches for cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) include anterior, posterior, or combined decompression with or without fusion. The goal of surgery is to decompress the spinal cord while maintaining the stability and sagittal alignment of the cervical spine. C5 palsy has been reported as a postoperative complication of cervical laminectomy or laminoplasty characterized as motor weakness of the muscles supplied with C5 nerve roots. Several studies have shown this phenomenon was partially attributable to posterior shift of spinal cord.;METHODS:The rationale for choosing hemilaminectomy is to control postoperative posterior shift of the spinal cord and afford more stability by preserving ligamentous attachments and posterior bony elements as much as possible. After a fixation system of lateral mass screws and rods is installed unilaterally, laminae are removed from the underlying dura using a high-speed burr and Kerrison laminectomy rongeur on the other side. The spinous processes are preserved.;METHODS:Patients with multilevel continuous/mixed cervical OPLL are good candidates for this technique. We retrospectively reviewed 146 patients who had multilevel continuous/mixed cervical OPLL and underwent surgery from January 2006 to January 2010. Neurologic condition was evaluated using the improvement ratio (IR) of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score for cervical myelopathy.;RESULTS:The mean JOA score increased from 10 points before surgery to 14 points at last followup. The mean IR of neurologic function (JOA score) was 59%. C5 palsy was not observed in any patient after decompression, and cervical lordosis changed from 8.7° preoperatively to 9.1° at last followup.;CONCLUSIONS:For patients with multilevel continuous/mixed cervical OPLL without fixed kyphosis, multilevel hemilaminectomy with unilateral lateral mass fixation is an effective alternative technique.;METHODS:Level IV, therapeutic study. See Gui
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