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第五届整合动物学国际研讨会暨全球变化生物学国际学术研讨会

作者： Xinhai LI Guangshun JIANG Huidong TIAN Lei XU Chuan YAN Zuwang WANG fuwen WEI Zhibin zhang Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Scien State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management on Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChine State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management on Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChine State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management on Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChine Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sc

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Climate cooling and human impact caused the retreat of large mammals in ancient China

Climate cooling and human impact caused the retreat of large...

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The 5th International Symposium of Integrative Zoology

作者： Xinhai LI Guangshun JIANG Huidong TIAN Lei XU Chuan YAN Zuwang WANG fuwen WEI Zhibin zhang Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management on Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Life Sciences Northeast Normal University Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences

It is commonly known that many species have experienced range contraction during past centuries due to accelerated impacts of human activities and global change,yet little is known on how climate change and human dist... 详细信息

关键词： Climate cooling and human impact caused the retreat of large mammals in ancient China

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Genetic consequences of historical anthropogenic and ecological events on giant pandas

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ECOLOGY 2013年第10期94卷 2346-2357页

作者： Zhu, Lifeng Hu, Yibo Qi, Dunwu Wu, Hua Zhan, Xiangjiang zhang, Zhejun Bruford, Michael W. Wang, Jinliang Yang, Xuyu Gu, Xiaodong zhang, Lei zhang, Baowei zhang, Shanning Wei, fuwen Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Cardiff Univ Organisms & Environm Div Cardiff Sch Biosci Cardiff CF10 3AX S Glam Wales Zool Soc London Inst Zool London NW1 4RY England Sichuan Forestry Dept Wildlife Conservat Div Chengdu 610081 Sichuan Peoples R China China Wildlife Conservat Assoc Beijing 100714 Peoples R China

The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) was taken to the brink of extinction in the 1980s through a combination of deforestation, large-scale loss of bamboo in the core of its range, poaching, and zoo collection, causing over 1000 deaths from the 1950s. It was thought that the drastic population decline was likely to impose a severe impact on population viability. Here, based on temporal genotyping of individuals, we show that this rapid decline did not significantly reduce the overall effective population size and genetic variation of this species, or of the two focal populations (Minshan and Qionglai) that declined the most. These results are contrary to previously assumptions, probably because the population decline has not produced the expected negative impact due to the short time scale involved (at most 10 generations), or because previous surveys underestimated the population size at the time of decline. However, if present-day habitat fragmentation and limited migration of giant pandas remains, we predict a loss of genetic diversity across the giant pandas' range in the near future. Thus, our findings highlight the substantial resilience of this species when facing demographic and environmental stochasticity, but key conservation strategies, such as enhancing habitat connectivity and habitat restoration should be immediately implemented to retain the extant genetic variation and maintain long-term evolutionary potential of this endangered species.

关键词： Ailuropoda melanoleuca anthropogenic effects bamboo flowering effective population size endangered species genetic diversity giant panda habitat loss poaching population decline

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Measures of Giant Panda Habitat Selection Across Multiple Spatial Scales for Species Conservation

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JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 2012年第5期76卷 1092-1100页

作者： Qi, Dunwu zhang, Shanning zhang, Zejun Hu, Yibo Yang, Xuyu Wang, Hongjia Wei, fuwen Chinese Acad Sci Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol Inst Zool Beijing 100101 Peoples R China China Wildlife Conservat Assoc Beijing 100714 Peoples R China China W Normal Univ Inst Rare Anim & Plants Nanchong 637002 Sichuan Peoples R China Sichuan Forestry Dept Wildlife Conservat Div Chengdu 610081 Sichuan Peoples R China

Examining ecological processes across spatial scales is crucial as animals select and use resources at different scales. We carried out field surveys in September 2005, March-September 2006, and April 2007, and used ecological niche factor analysis to determine habitat preferences for the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) across 4 spatial scales: daily movement, core range, home range, and seasonal elevational migration. We found that giant pandas prefer conifer forest and mixed forest at higher than average elevation (2,157 m) of study area in the 4 scale models. However, we also observed significant scale differences in habitat selection. The strength of habitat preference increased with scale for the 2 disturbed forests (sparse forest and fragmented forest), and decreased with scale for 0-30 degrees gentle slope and south-and north-facing aspect. Furthermore, habitat suitability patterns were scale-dependent. These findings highlight the need to determine species-environment associations across multiple scales for habitat management and species conservation. (C) 2012 The Wildlife Society.

关键词： ecological niche factor analysis (ENFA) giant panda habitat selection hierarchy scale spatial heterogeneity

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Influence of Ar/H₂ ratio on the characteristics of phosphorus-doped hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon films prepared by electron cyclotron resonance plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition

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THIN SOLID FILMS 2012年 521卷 181-184页

作者： zhang, Xueyu Wu, Aimin Shi, Shaofei Qin, fuwen Bian, Jiming Dalian Univ Technol Minist Educ Key Lab Mat Modificat Dalian 116024 Peoples R China Dalian Univ Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn Dalian 116024 Peoples R China Sch Phys & Optoelect Engn Dalian 116024 Peoples R China

Phosphorus-doped hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon films (nc-Si(P):H) were prepared by electron cyclotron resonance plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The effect of Ar/H-2 ratio on the characteristics of as-grown nc-Si(P):H films was investigated systematically with Raman scattering, Hall effect measurements as well as Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results indicated that the Ar/H-2 ratio played a critical role for the crystalline quality and electrical properties of the nc-Si:H films. FTIR also showed that infrared spectrum intensity of SiH2 bonding mode peak decreased when Ar/H-2 ratio increased. The optimal value Ar/H-2 ratio of 10/15 was obtained for high quality nc-Si(P):H films with high electron density and the mechanism was elucidated in terms of Raman and FTIR analysis. (C) 2011 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ar/H-2 nc-Si:H ECR-PECVD Doping

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Reproductive competition and fecal testosterone in wild male giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

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BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY 2012年第5期66卷 721-730页

作者： Nie, Yonggang Swaisgood, Ronald R. zhang, Zejun Liu, Xiaobin Wei, fuwen Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Grad Univ Beijing 100039 Peoples R China San Diego Zoo Inst Conservat Res San Diego CA 92112 USA China W Normal Univ Inst Rare Animals & Plants Nanchong 637002 Sichuan Peoples R China Foping Natl Nat Reserve Foping 723400 Shaanxi Peoples R China

The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is notoriously difficult to study in the wild, but its interesting reproductive ecology makes the effort worthwhile. Perhaps more than most species, the panda is energy-limited, which alters the cost/benefit analysis of its reproductive ecology. Using global positioning system/very high frequency radiocollars to locate mating aggregations, we used behavioral observations and fecal testosterone assays to gain insight into male panda reproductive effort and strategies, and test theories relating to reproductive competition. Male pandas initially competed fiercely for access to females that were about to be fertile, but once male competitive status was determined, aggression rates declined. Contact aggression was only observed during the first 2 days of mating aggregations;thereafter, it was replaced with noncontact aggression and avoidance. Agonistic interactions were highly asymmetrical, with contest losers (subordinates) showing less aggression and more avoidance than contest winners (dominants), both before and after contest outcome was established. The competitively superior male displayed mate-guarding tactics and secured all observed copulations. Contrary to theoretical predictions, testosterone levels did not predict aggression levels or contest winners and also were not affected by winning or losing a contest. Body size appeared to be the primary determinant of contest outcome. We discuss our findings in light of theoretical predictions, such as those arising from the "challenge hypothesis," in the context of the giant panda's foraging and nutritional ecology.

关键词： Giant panda Reproductive behavior Fecal testosterone Aggression Competition Challenge hypothesis

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Influence of Ar/H₂ ratio on the characteristics of phosphorus-doped hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon films prepared by electron cyclotron resonance plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition

Influence of Ar/H<sub>2</sub> ratio on the characteristics o...

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3rd International Conference on Microelectronics and Plasma Technology (ICMAP)

关键词： Ar/H-2 nc-Si:H ECR-PECVD Doping

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Deposition and properties of highly c-oriented of InN films on sapphire substrates with ECR-plasma-enhanced MOCVD

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Rare Metals 2012年第2期31卷 150-153页

作者： Qin, fuwen zhang, Dong Bai, Yizhen Ju, Zhenhe Li, Shuangmei Li, Yucai Pang, Jiaqi Bian, Jiming School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser Ion and Electron BeamsMinistry of EducationDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China New Energy Source Research Center Shenyang Institute of EngineeringShenyang 110136China Department of Physics Shenyang Institute of EngineeringShenyang 110136China

InN films with highly c-axis preferred orientation were deposited on sapphire substrate by low-temperature electron cyclotron resonance plasma-enhanced metal organic chemical vapor deposition (ECR-PEMOCVD). Trimethyl indium (TMIn) and N 2 were applied as precursors of In and N, respectively. The quality of as-grown InN films were systematically investigated as a function of TMIn fluxes by means of reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results show that the dense and uniform InN films with highly c-axis preferred orientation are successfully achieved on sapphire substrates under optimized TMIn flux of 0.8 ml min 1 . The InN films reported here will provide various opportunities for the development of high efficiency and high-performance semiconductor devices based on InN material.

关键词： InN films ECR-PEMOCVD sapphire substrates semiconductor devices

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经乳腺后间隙入路行乳腺肿块微创旋切活检的临床分析

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中国综合临床 2014年第7期30卷 686-689页

作者：王懋莉丁昂殷初阳宋晖孙太明张征陈宏亮金玉春傅少梅王富文孙建复旦大学附属妇产科医院乳腺科上海200011 上海博爱医院乳腺科

目的：探讨经乳腺后间隙入路 Mammotome 微创手术行乳腺肿块活检的临床价值。方法将2011年1月至2012年5月在我院乳腺科行 Mammotome 微创手术的787例患者应用计算机随机分为两组，行乳腺后间隙入路 Mammotome 微创手术385例，乳腺肿块... 详细信息

目的：探讨经乳腺后间隙入路 Mammotome 微创手术行乳腺肿块活检的临床价值。方法将2011年1月至2012年5月在我院乳腺科行 Mammotome 微创手术的787例患者应用计算机随机分为两组，行乳腺后间隙入路 Mammotome 微创手术385例，乳腺肿块旁入路402例。术后常规随访，分别比较两组患者的手术效果及并发症情况。结果术后随访12个月，乳腺后间隙入路组和肿块旁入路组手术时间分别为（48±6）min 和（52±4）min，肿瘤切除率分别为99.48％（383/385）和99.25％（399/402），组间比较差异无统计学意义（P 均＞0.05）；两组术中出血量分别为（8±3）ml 和（14±6） ml，术后皮下瘀斑发生率分别为2.34％（9/385）和8.71％（35/402），残腔血肿发生率分别为0.52％（2/385）和2.74％（11/402），切口数量分别为（1.3±0.6）个和（2.4±0.3）个，组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P =0.033，P =0.000，P =0.001，P =0.006），两组患者满意率分别为98.70％（380/385）和89.30％（359/402），乳腺后间隙入路组高于肿块旁入路组，组间比较差异有统计学意义（ P =0.004）。结论乳腺后间隙入路 Mammotome 微创活检乳腺肿块较常规乳腺肿块旁入路微创手术方式出血性并发症少，美观效果更佳，有一定的优势。

关键词：乳腺肿块 Mammotome 手术乳腺后间隙入路乳腺肿块旁入路

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Black and white and read all over: the past, present and future of giant panda genetics

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MOLECULAR ECOLOGY 2012年第23期21卷 5660-5674页

作者： Wei, fuwen Hu, Yibo Zhu, Lifeng Bruford, Michael W. Zhan, Xiangjiang zhang, Lei Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Cardiff Univ Cardiff Sch Biosci Organisms & Environm Div Cardiff CF10 3AX S Glam Wales

Few species attract much more attention from the public and scientists than the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), a popular, enigmatic but highly endangered species. The application of molecular genetics to its biology and conservation has facilitated surprising insights into the biology of giant pandas as well as the effectiveness of conservation efforts during the past decades. Here, we review the history of genetic advances in this species, from phylogeny, demographical history, genetic variation, population structure, noninvasive population census and adaptive evolution to reveal to what extent the current status of the giant panda is a reflection of its evolutionary legacy, as opposed to the influence of anthropogenic factors that have negatively impacted this species. In addition, we summarize the conservation implications of these genetic findings applied for the management of this high-profile species. Finally, on the basis of these advances and predictable future changes in genetic technology, we discuss future research directions that seem promising for giant panda biology and conservation.

关键词： adaptation conservation genetics evolution giant panda molecular ecology

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