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Theoretical modeling of mechanical homeostasis of a mammalian cell under gravity-directed vector

BIOMECHANICS AND MODELING IN MECHANOBIOLOGY 2018年第1期17卷 191-203页

作者： zhou, luwen Zhang, Chen Zhang, Fan Lu, Shouqin Sun, Shujin Lu, Dongyuan Long, Mian Chinese Acad Sci Ctr Biomech & Bioengn Lab Micrograv Natl Micrograv Lab Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Beijing Key Lab Engn Construct & Mech Inst Mech Beijing Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Engn Sci Beijing Peoples R China

Translocation of dense nucleus along gravity vector initiates mechanical remodeling of a eukaryotic cell. In our previous experiments, we quantified the impact of gravity vector on cell remodeling by placing an MC3T3-E1 cell onto upward (U)-, downward (D)-, or edge-on (E)- orientated substrate. Our experimental data demonstrate that orientation dependence of nucleus longitudinal translocation is positively correlated with cytoskeletal (CSK) remodeling of their expressions and structures and also is associated with rearrangement of focal adhesion complex (FAC). However, the underlying mechanism how CSK network and FACs are reorganized in a mammalian cell remains unclear. In this paper, we developed a theoretical biomechanical model to integrate the mechanosensing of nucleus translocation with CSK remodeling and FAC reorganization induced by a gravity vector. The cell was simplified as a nucleated tensegrity structure in the model. The cell and CSK filaments were considered to be symmetrical. All elements of CSK filaments and cytomembrane that support the nucleus were simplified as springs. FACs were simplified as an adhesion cluster of parallel bonds with shared force. Our model proposed that gravity vector-directed translocation of the cell nucleus is mechanically balanced by CSK remodeling and FAC reorganization induced by a gravitational force. Under gravity, dense nucleus tends to translocate and exert additional compressive or stretching force on the cytoskeleton. Finally, changes of the tension force acting on talin by microfilament alter the size of FACs. Results from our model are in qualitative agreement with those from experiments.

关键词： Gravity directed Mechanosensing Nucleus translocation Cytoskeletal remodeling FAC reorganization

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Distribution of Pathogenic Bacteria and Drug Resistance in ICU of a Newly Built Hospital

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INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE 2024年 17卷 4945-4954页

作者： Zeng, Hui Liu, Rong Cheng, Chuanli Yang, Nana Luo, luwen Long, Shengshuang zhou, Renjia Yan, Kai Huang, Huantao Zunyi Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 2 Nursing Dept Zunyi 563000 Guizhou Peoples R China Zunyi Med Univ Sch Nursing Zunyi 563000 Guizhou Peoples R China Zunyi Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 2 Infect Dept Zunyi 563000 Guizhou Peoples R China Zunyi Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 2 ICU Zunyi 563000 Guizhou Peoples R China

Objective: This study investigated the distribution and resistance patterns of pathogens in the intensive care unit of a newly established hospital in Guizhou Province to promote the rational use of antibiotics to reduce multidrug resistance. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the distribution of pathogens and changes in drug resistance in the ICU of a newly built hospital in Guizhou Province from March 2019 to December 2023. WHONET 5.6 was used to analyze the results. Results: A total of 2444 culture samples were received, predominantly sputum (34.66%) and blood (23.36%) samples, with a steady annual increase in specimen types. A total of 572 pathogenic strains were isolated, predominantly from respiratory specimens (54.02%), including 345 Gram-negative bacteria (60.31%), 135 Gram-positive cocci (23.60%), and 92 fungi (16.08%). The most frequent pathogens included Acinetobacter baumannii (30.77%), Candida albicans (11.71%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.97%). Drug sensitivity tests indicated a fluctuating resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii over the past five years. Staphylococcus aureus displayed strong in vitro activity against vancomycin, tigecycline, and linezolid, with no resistant strains identified. The detection rates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CR-AB), carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CR-PA), methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and strains producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) were 86.78%, 26.79%, 32.45%, 70.27%, and 23.54%, respectively. Conclusion: Compared with other countries in the world, China has increased its data on the prevalence of MDR pathogens and antibiotic *** high resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii in the ICU underscores the need for effective infection control measures. Enhanced monitoring of CR-AB, ESBL-producing bacteria, and MRSA is essential, along with improved management of antibacterial drugs and the pursuit of new therapeutic optio

关键词： new-built hospital intensive care unit pathogens multidrug-resistant bacteria antimicrobial resistance

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A Structure Optimization Tensor FEM and Its Application in Ion Flow Field Problem 11th

A Structure Optimization Tensor FEM and Its Application in I...

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11th Frontier Academic Forum of Electrical Engineering, FAFEE 2024

作者： zhou, Yuxin Wang, Guangming Xu, Daran Xu, luwen Hao, Jiahe Cheng, Qiwen Zou, Jun State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Research Institute Chongqing401123 China Chongqing Power Transmission & Transformation Engineering Co. Ltd Chongqing400030 China Electrical Engineering Department Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819787791

The Jacobi system reformulation is one of the performance bottlenecks for the finite element procedure. This paper takes the ion flow field problem as an example to present a structure optimization finite element method. Structural splitting and reorganization techniques are applied to optimize the data layout of the element info and batched BLAS operation is applied to improve cache utilization. The method is verified under the problem of unipolar and bipolar ion flow field, and the performance of the method is two orders of magnitude faster than the conventional array of structure-based implementations. The present method is easy to implement and can be further applied to solve other types of electromagnetic problems. © Beijing Paike Culture Commu. Co., Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Structural optimization

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Versatile photonic molecule switch in multimode microresonators

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 498-509页

作者： Zihan Tao Bitao Shen Wencan Li luwen Xing Haoyu Wang Yichen Wu Yuansheng Tao Yan zhou Yandong He Chao Peng Haowen Shu Xingjun Wang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communications System and Networks School of ElectronicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Integrated Circuits Peking University100871 BejingChina Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics Nantong 226010China Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518055China

Harnessing optical supermode interaction to construct artificial photonic molecules has uncovered a series of fundamental optical phenomena analogous to atomic ***,the distinct energy levels and interactions in such two-level systems were provided by coupled *** reconfigurability is limited,as they often require delicate external field stimuli or mechanically altering the geometric *** highly specific approaches also limit potential ***,we propose a versatile on-chip photonic molecule in a multimode microring,utilizing a flexible regulation methodology to dynamically control the existence and interaction strength of spatial *** transition between single/multi-mode states enables the“switched-off/on”functionality of the photonic molecule,supporting wider generalized applications *** particular,“switched-on”state shows flexible and multidimensional mode splitting control in aspects of both coupling strength and phase difference,equivalent to the *** *** effect.“Switched-off”state allows for perfect low-loss single-mode transition(Qi~10 million)under an ultra-compact bend size(FSR~115 GHz)in a foundry-based silicon *** breaks the stereotyped image of the FSR-Q factor trade-off,enabling ultra-wideband and high-resolution millimeter-wave photonic *** demonstration provides a flexible and portable solution for the integrated photonic molecule system,extending its research scope from fundamental physics to real-world applications such as nonlinear optical signal processing and sixth-generation wireless communication.

关键词： switched multimode millimeter

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Relationships between Secreted Aspartyl Proteinase 2 and General Control Nonderepressible 4 gene in the Candida albicans resistant to itraconazole under planktonic and biofilm conditions

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BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2023年第2期54卷 619-627页

作者： Feng, Wenli Yang, Jing Ma, Yan Zhang, luwen Yin, Rong Qiao, Zusha Ji, Ying zhou, Yong'an Shanxi Med Univ Hosp 2 Dept Dermatovenereol 382 Wuyi Rd Taiyuan 030001 Shanxi Peoples R China Shanxi Med Univ Hosp 2 Dept Bluttranfus Taiyuan 030001 Shanxi Peoples R China

This study aimed to explore the roles of SAP2 and GCN4 in itraconazole (ITR) resistance of C. albicans under different conditions, and their correlations. A total of 20 clinical strains of C. albicans, including 10 ITR resistant strains and 10 sensitive strains, were used. Then, SAP2 sequencing and GCN4 sequencing were performed, and the biofilm formation ability of different C. albicans strains was determined. Finally, real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure the expression of SAP2 and GCN4 in C. albicans under planktonic and biofilm conditions, as well as their correlation was also analyzed. No missense mutations and three synonymous mutation sites, including T276A, G543A, and A675C, were found in SAP2 sequencing. GCN4 sequencing showed one missense mutation site (A106T (T36S)) and six synonymous mutation sites (A147C, C426T, T513C, T576A, G624A and C732T). The biofilm formation ability of drug-resistant C. albicans strains was significantly higher than that of sensitive strains (P < 0.05). Additionally, SAP2 and GCN4 were up-regulated in the ITR-resistant strains, and were both significantly higher in C. albicans under biofilm condition. The mRNA expression levels of SAP2 and GCN4 had significantly positive correlation. The higher expression levels of SAP2 and GCN4 were observed in the ITR-resistant strains of C. albicans under planktonic and biofilm conditions, as well as there was a positive correlation between SAP2 and GCN4 mRNA expression.

关键词： Invasive candidiasis C. albicans SAP2 GCN4 Itraconazole resistance

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ELISA units, IgG subclass ratio and avidity determined functional activity of mouse anti-Pfs230 antibodies judged by a standard membrane-feeding assay with Plasmodium falciparum

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VACCINE 2019年第15期37卷 2073-2078页

作者： Miura, Kazutoyo Deng, Bingbing Wu, Yimin zhou, luwen Pham, Thao P. Diouf, Ababacar Wu, Chia-Kuei Lee, Shwu-Maan Plieskatt, Jordan L. Morin, Merribeth J. Long, Carole A. NIAID Lab Malaria & Vector Res NIH Rockville MD 20852 USA PATHs Malaria Vaccine Initiat MVI Washington DC 20001 USA

The standard membrane-feeding assay (SMFA) is a functional assay that has been used to inform the development of transmission-blocking vaccines (TBV) against Plasmodium falciparum malaria. For Pfs230, a lead target antigen for TBV development, a few studies have tested either a single anti-Pfs230 poly-clonal or monoclonal antibody (one antibody per study) at serial dilutions and showed a dose-dependent response. Further, there have been reports that the SMFA activity of anti-Pfs230 poly-clonal and monoclonal antibodies were enhanced in the presence of complement. However, no analysis has been performed with multiple samples, and the impact of anti-Pfs230 antibody titers, IgG subclass profile and avidity were evaluated together in relation to transmission-reducing activity (TRA) by SMFA. In this report, a total of 39 unique anti-Pfs230 IgGs from five different mouse immunization studies were assessed for their ELISA units (EU), IgG2/IgG1 ratio and avidity by ELISA, and the functionality (% transmission-reducing activity, %TRA) by SMFA. The mice were immunized with Pfs230 alone, Pfs230 conjugated to CRM197, or a mixture of unconjugated Pfs230 and CRM 197 proteins using Alhydrogel or Montanide ISA720 adjuvants. In all studies, the Pfs230 antigen was from the same source. There was a significant correlation between EU and %TRA (p < 0.0001 by a Spearman rank test) for the anti-Pfs230 lgGs. Notably, multiple linear regression analyses showed that both IgG2/IgG1 ratio and avidity significantly affected %TRA (p = 0.003 to p = 0.014, depending on the models) after adjusting for EU. The results suggest that in addition to antibody titers, IgG2/IgG1 ratio and avidity should each be evaluated to predict the biological activity of anti-Pfs230 antibodies for future vaccine development. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： Plasmodium falciparum Pfs230 Transmission-blocking vaccine Standard membrane-feeding assay IgG subclass Avidity

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An Approach for Calculating Ion Flow in HVDC Transmission Line Based on Algebraic Multi-Grid Method 20

An Approach for Calculating Ion Flow in HVDC Transmission Li...

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20th International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission 2024, ACDC 2024

作者： zhou, YuXin Xu, DaRan Wang, GuangMing Xu, luwen Hao, JiaHe Cheng, QiWen Zou, Jun State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Research Institute Chongqing401123 China Chongqing Power Transmission & Transformation Engineering Co.Ltd. Chongqing400030 China Electrical Engineering Department Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781837242672

As the geometric configuration and physical model of HVDC transmission lines become more complex, the solver increasingly becomes a performance bottleneck in research on ion flow field problems. The preconditioner is a key component for the performance of iterative solvers. Although the algebraic multigrid method is proven to be an optimal preconditioner for elliptic equations, it results in significant stability issues when applied to convection-dominated transport equations. In this work, the algebraic multigrid method employing an approximate ideal restriction operator is applied to solve the transport equation arising in ion flow field problems. Compared to the classical algebraic multigrid method, the Petrov-Galerkin algebraic multigrid method demonstrates good performance in solving the transport equation for ion flow field simulations. This improvement helps address the large-scale electromagnetic environment issues of HVDC transmission lines. © The Institution of Engineering & Technology 2024.

关键词： HVDC power transmission

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Circular RNA ARHGAP5 inhibits cisplatin resistance in cervical squamous cell carcinoma by interacting with AUF1

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CANCER SCIENCE 2023年第4期114卷 1582-1595页

作者： Deng, Sisi Qian, Lili Liu, luwen Liu, Hanyuan Xu, Zhihao Liu, Yujie Wang, Yingying Chen, Liang zhou, Ying Univ Sci & Technol China Affiliated Hosp USTC 1 Dept Obstet & Gynecol Div Life Sci & Med Hefei Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Affiliated Hosp USTC 1 Sch Basic Med Sci Dept Clin LabCAS Key Lab Innate Immun & Chron Dis Hefei Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Affiliated Hosp USTC 1 Sch Basic Med Sci Dept Clin LabCAS Key Lab Innate Immun & Chron Dis Hefei 230027 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Affiliated Hosp USTC 1 Dept Obstet & Gynecol Div Life Sci & Med Hefei 230001 Anhui Peoples R China

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women worldwide. Patients with advanced cervical carcinoma always have a poor prognosis once resistant to cisplatin due to the lack of effective treatment. It is urgent to investigate the molecular mechanisms of cisplatin resistance. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are known to exert their regulatory functions in a series of malignancies. However, their effects on CSCC remain to be elucidated. Here, we found that cytoplasmic circARHGAP5, derived from second and third exons of the ARHGAP5 gene, was downregulated in cisplatin-resistant tissues compared with normal cervix tissues and untreated cervical cancer tissues. In addition, experiments from overexpression/knockdown cell lines revealed that circARHGAP5 could inhibit cisplatin-mediated cell apoptosis in CSCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circARHGAP5 interacted with AU-rich element RNA-binding protein (AUF1) directly. Overexpression of AUF1 could also inhibit cell apoptosis mediated by cisplatin. Furthermore, we detected the potential targets of AUF1 related to the apoptotic pathway and found that bcl-2-like protein 11 (BIM) was not only negatively regulated by AUF1 but positively regulated by circARHGAP5, which indicated that BIM mRNA might be degraded by AUF1 and thereby inhibited tumor cell apoptosis. Collectively, our data indicated that circARHGAP5 directly bound to AUF1 and prevented AUF1 from interacting with BIM mRNA, thereby playing a pivotal role in cisplatin resistance in CSCC. Our study provides insights into overcoming cancer resistance to cisplatin treatment.

关键词： AUF1 BIM cervical cancer circARHGAP5 CSCC

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Salt bridge interactions within the β2 integrin α7 helix mediate force-induced binding and shear resistance ability

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FEBS JOURNAL 2018年第2期285卷 261-274页

作者： Zhang, Xiao Li, Linda Li, Ning Shu, Xinyu zhou, luwen Lu, Shouqin Chen, Shenbao Mao, Debin Long, Mian Chinese Acad Sci Inst Mech Ctr Biomech & Bioengn Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Mech Natl Micrograv Lab Key Lab Micrograv Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Mech Beijing Key Lab Engn Construct & Mechanobiol Beijing Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Engn Sci Beijing Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Coll Bioengn Chongqing Peoples R China

The functional performance of the alpha I domain alpha(7) helix in beta(2) integrin activation depends on the allostery of the alpha(7) helix, which axially slides down;therefore, it is critical to elucidate what factors regulate the allostery. In this study, we determined that there were two conservative salt bridge interaction pairs that constrain both the upper and bottom ends of the alpha(7) helix. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for three beta(2) integrin members, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1;alpha(L)beta(2)), macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1;alpha(M)beta(2)) and alpha(x)beta(2), indicated that the magnitude of the salt bridge interaction is related to the stability of the alpha I domain and the strength of the corresponding force-induced allostery. The disruption of the salt bridge interaction, especially with double mutations in both salt bridges, significantly reduced the force-induced allostery time for all three members. The effects of salt bridge interactions of the alpha I domain alpha(7) helix on beta(2) integrin conformational stability and allostery were experimentally validated using Mac-1 constructs. The results demonstrated that salt bridge mutations did not alter the conformational state of Mac-1, but they did increase the force-induced ligand binding and shear resistance ability, which was consistent with MD simulations. This study offers new insight into the importance of salt bridge interaction constraints of the alpha I domain alpha(7) helix and external force for beta(2) integrin function.

关键词： beta(2) integrin allostery conformational stability force salt bridge interaction

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Isomaltulose alleviates acute colitis via modulating gut microbiota and the Treg/Th17 balance in mice

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FOOD & FUNCTION 2022年第16期13卷 8572-8584页

作者： zhou, Zihan Yu, Shengnan Cui, luwen Shao, Kaidi Pang, Hao Wang, Zhipeng He, Ningning Li, Shangyong Qingdao Univ Qingdao Med Coll Sch Basic Med Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China Qingdao Agr Univ Sch Marine Sci & Engn Qingdao 266109 Peoples R China

Food-grade isomaltulose exhibits significant modulation of gut microbiota and its metabolites in healthy populations. This study further explored the preventive therapeutic effect and anti-colitis potential of isomaltulose on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. Our results suggested that isomaltulose played a significant role in preventing colon shortening, reducing intestinal epithelial destruction and inhibiting inflammatory cell infiltration. Meanwhile, the isomaltulose supplement greatly reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and restored the balance between T helper type 17 (Th17) cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells. Pathway enrichment analysis for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) also indicated that the anti-inflammatory effect of isomaltulose was closely related to intestinal immunity. Moreover, the disturbed gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis (UC) was partially restored after treatment with isomaltulose. These results suggest that isomaltulose is a promising therapeutic agent for the prevention and adjunctive treatment of UC by maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis and remodeling the gut microbiota.

关键词： Metabolites

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