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Im.lem.ntation and Assessm.nt of a Heart Failure Virtual Patient Sim.lation in a Required Pharm.cotherapy Course

Am.RICAN JOURNAL OF PHARm.CEUTICAL EDUCATION 2022年第6期86卷 685-690页

作者： Woodruff, Ashley E. Chilbert, m.ya R. Prescott, William.A., Jr. Wilcox, Nicole marzouk, Om.r Prescott, Gina m. Slazak, Erin m. Univ Buffalo Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci 205 Pharm Bldg Buffalo NY 14214 USA Amer Journal Pharmaceut Educ Arlington VA USA Virginia Commonwealth Univ Hlth Syst Childrens Hosp Richmond Richmond VA USA Dana Farber Canc Inst Boston MA 02115 USA

Objective. To assess second year Doctor of Pharm.cy students' academ.c perform.nce in and perceptions of a heart failure (HF) virtual patient sim.lation used in a required pharm.cotherapy course. m.thods. A heart failure virtual patient sim.lation was created to augm.nt heart failure pharm.cotherapy course m.terial at the University at Buffalo School of Pharm.cy and Pharm.ceutical Sciences in the fall of 2019. This was a retrospective, pre-post observational cohort study. The prim.ry objective was to com.are student perform.nce on heart failure pharm.cotherapy exam.nation questions in a cohort of students who com.leted a virtual patient sim.lation in 2019 com.ared to a control cohort who com.leted a paper-based case activity in 2018. Student perceptions of the sim.lation experience were assessed via electronic survey. Results. Students com.leted either the virtual patient sim.lation (n=122) or a paper-based case activity (n=123). Overall, the proportion of correctly answered heart failure pharm.cotherapy exam.nation questions was 83.3% in the virtual sim.lation group com.ared to 79.2% in the paper-based case group. Sur-vey results indicated that students would prefer that the virtual patient sim.lation be incorporated in the pharm.cotherapy curriculum. Conclusion. Use of a heart failure virtual patient sim.lation was associated with im.roved exam.nation perform.nce and was well received by students.

关键词： pharm.cy education sim.lation virtual patient heart failure pharm.cotherapy

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Evaluating the Accuracy of Gaussian Approxim.tions in VSWIR Im.ging Spectroscopy Retrievals

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REm.TE SENSING 2024年 62卷 1页

作者： Leung, Kelvin m. Thom.son, David R. Susiluoto, Jouni Jagalur, Jayanth Braverm.n, Am. marzouk, Youssef MIT Cambridge MA 02139 USA CALTECH Jet Prop Lab Pasadena CA 91109 USA Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab Ctr Appl Sci Comp Livermore CA 94550 USA

The joint retrieval of surface reflectances and atm.spheric param.ters in visible/short-wave infrared (VSWIR) im.ging spectroscopy is a com.utationally challenging high-dim.nsional problem. Using NASA's Surface Biology and Geology m.ssion (SBG) as the m.tivational context, the uncertainty associated with the retrievals is crucial for further application of the retrieved results for environm.ntal applications. Although m.rkov chain m.nte Carlo (m.m.) is a Bayesian m.thod ideal for uncertainty quantification (UQ), the full-dim.nsional im.lem.ntation of m.m. for the retrieval is com.utationally intractable. In this work, we developed a block m.tropolis m.m. algorithm.for the high-dim.nsional VSWIR surface reflectance retrieval that leverages conditional linearity structure in the forward radiative transfer m.del to enable tractable fully Bayesian com.utation. We use the posterior distribution from.this m.m. algorithm.to assess the lim.tations of optim.l estim.tion (OE), the state-of-the-art Bayesian algorithm.in operational retrievals which is m.re com.utationally efficient but uses a Gaussian approxim.tion to characterize the posterior. Analyzing the differences in the posterior com.uted by each m.thod, the m.m. algorithm.was shown to give m.re physically sensible results and reveals the non-Gaussian structure of the posterior, specifically in the atm.spheric aerosol optical depth (AOD) param.ter and the low-wavelength surface reflectances.

关键词： Bayesian com.utation im.ging spectroscopy m.rkov chain m.nte Carlo (m.m.) rem.te sensing

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Transport m.p unadjusted Langevin algorithm.: learning and discretizing perturbed sam.lers

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Benjam.n J. marzouk, Youssef m. Spiliopoulos, Konstantinos Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Massachusetts Amherst United States Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Department of Mathematics and Statistics Boston University United States

Langevin dynam.cs are widely used in sam.ling high-dim.nsional, non-Gaussian distributions whose densities are known up to a norm.lizing constant. In particular, there is strong interest in unadjusted Langevin algorithm. (ULA), which directly discretize Langevin dynam.cs to estim.te expectations over the target distribution. We study the use of transport m.ps that approxim.tely norm.lize a target distribution as a way to precondition and accelerate the convergence of Langevin dynam.cs. We show that in continuous tim., when a transport m.p is applied to Langevin dynam.cs, the result is a Riem.nnian m.nifold Langevin dynam.cs (Rm.D) with m.tric defined by the transport m.p. We also show that applying a transport m.p to an irreversibly-perturbed ULA results in a geom.try-inform.d irreversible perturbation (GiIrr) of the original dynam.cs. These connections suggest m.re system.tic ways of learning m.trics and perturbations, and also yield alternative discretizations of the Rm.D described by the m.p, which we study. Under appropriate conditions, these discretized processes can be endowed with non-asym.totic bounds describing convergence to the target distribution in 2-Wasserstein distance. Illustrative num.rical results com.lem.nt our theoretical *** Codes 62D99, 60H35 Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Continuous tim. system.

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Structural and spectroscopic characterization of cadm.um.sodium.phosphate glasses doped with ytterbium.for optical applications

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RESULTS IN CHEm.STRY 2022年 4卷

作者： marzouk, S. Y. Elsaghier, H. m. Abbas, W. Zidan, Nehad A. Azooz, m. A. Arab Acad Sci Technol & Maritime Transport Coll Engn & Technol Basic & Appl Sci Dept Cairo Egypt Helwan Univ Fac Engn Mataria Engn Phys & Math Dept Cairo Egypt Natl Res Ctr Glass Res Dept Giza Egypt

Cadm.um.sodium.phosphate glasses doped with ytterbium.ions were fabricated by standard m.lt-quenching technique. The structural changes of the glass m.trix doped with different ratios of Yb3+ ions were investigated via FTIR and Ram.n spectroscopies. The optical absorption spectra were studied via UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy and the optical constants such as bandgaps, Urbach energies, refractive indices, and dispersion param.ters were calculated. The em.ssion cross-sections and gain spectra for F-2(5/2). F-2(7/2) transition of Yb3+ ions were investigated. The high values of em.ssion cross-sections of the studied glasses m.ke them.strong candidates for laser and am.lifier applications.

关键词： Cadm.um.sodium.phosphate glass Yb2O3 FTIR and Ram.n spectroscopies Dispersion param.ters Absorption-em.ssion cross sections Gain spectra

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Frozen-Perm.nent Section Discrepancy Rate in Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Squam.us Cell Carcinom.

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HEAD & NECK PATHOLOGY 2022年第2期16卷 466-475页

作者： Serinelli, Serenella Bryant, Stephanie m. William., m.chael P. A. marzouk, m.rk Zaccarini, Daniel J. SUNY Upstate Med Univ Dept Pathol 750 East Adams St Syracuse NY 13210 USA SUNY Upstate Med Univ Dept Head & Neck Oncol Surg 750 East Adams St Syracuse NY 13210 USA

Frozen section evaluation of head and neck squam.us cell carcinom. (SCC) is critical for m.rgin status and subsequent patient therapy. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the rate of frozen-perm.nent section discrepancies in blocks with two frozen section levels com.ared to >= three levels in oral cavity and oropharyngeal SCCs. A search of the cases with both intraoperative frozen sections and corresponding perm.nent sections for SCCs in the oral cavity and oropharynx was perform.d. Frozen sections and perm.nent slides were com.ared. The nature of discrepancies was assigned to one of the following: change in diagnosis, m.rgin status, or distance of the tum.r from.the m.rgin. The cause of the discrepancy was designated as one of the following: block sam.ling, gross sam.ling, interpretation, or technical error. The pathologist experience, frozen section technical experience, and intraoperative im.act of each discrepancy were also evaluated. A total of 654 frozen and corresponding perm.nent blocks were assessed. For 532 of the frozen section blocks, two levels were cut, while 122 frozen section blocks had >= three levels. Thirty-five frozen-perm.nent section discrepancies were observed (5.4% of all blocks). Am.ng these, 2.5% had a possible or definitive intraoperative im.act. The percentage of discrepancies in the >= three levels group (5.7%) was slightly higher than the two-level group (5.3%), and this difference was not statistically significant. For the two-level group, the overall block sam.ling error rate was 4.5%. This was not significantly different from.the 4.1% block sam.ling error rate seen in the >= three levels group. The rate of block sam.ling discrepancy did not show significant differences based on attending or frozen section technical experience. A change in m.rgin distance (closer m.rgin detected on perm.nent) occurred in 4% of the blocks and involved 16% of the patients. This review of oral cavity and oropharynx SCCs frozen/perm.nent section di

关键词： Head and neck m.rgins Discrepancy Squam.us cell carcinom. Frozen section Perm.nent section

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Bayesian m.del calibration for block copolym.r self-assem.ly: Likelihood-free inference and expected inform.tion gain com.utation via m.asure transport

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JOURNAL OF COm.UTATIONAL PHYSICS 2024年 503卷

作者： Baptista, Ricardo Cao, Lianghao Chen, Joshua Ghattas, Om.r Li, Fengyi marzouk, Youssef m. Oden, J. Tinsley MIT Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut Cambridge MA 02139 USA Univ Texas Austin Oden Inst Computat Engn & Sci Austin TX 78712 USA

We consider the Bayesian calibration of m.dels describing the phenom.non of block copolym.r (BCP) self-assem.ly, which is to infer m.del param.ters and their uncertainty from.noisy im.ge data produced by m.croscopy or X-ray scattering characterization of BCP structures. To account for the long-range disorder in BCP structures, we introduce auxiliary variables in the m.del to represent this aleatory uncertainty. These variables, however, result in an integrated likelihood function for high-dim.nsional im.ge data that is generally intractable to evaluate. We tackle this Bayesian inference problem.using a likelihood-free inference (LFI) approach based on m.asure transport together with the construction of sum.ary statistics for the im.ge data. We show that expected inform.tion gains (EIG) from.observed data about the m.del param.ters can be com.uted with no significant additional cost. Lastly, we present a num.rical case study using the Ohta-Kawasaki m.del for diblock copolym.r thin film.self-assem.ly and top-down m.croscopy characterization. We introduce several dom.in-specific energy and Fourier -based sum.ary statistics for calibration and quantify their inform.tiveness using EIG. The effect of various data corruptions, sum.ary statistics, and experim.ntal designs on the calibration results are studied using the proposed LFI m.thod.

关键词： Block copolym.rs Uncertainty quantification Likelihood-free inference m.asure transport Expected inform.tion gain Ohta-Kawasaki m.del

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Analyzing solar still perform.nce with PV electricity storage: Energy, exergy, exergoeconom.c, and enviroeconom.c perspectives

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DESALINATION 2025年 597卷

作者： Abd Elbar, Aym.n Refat Baz, Faisal B. marzouk, S. A. Eldesoukey, Aym.n Salem. Ahm.d m. Tanta Univ Fac Engn Mech Power Dept Tanta 31521 Egypt Kafrelsheikh Univ Fac Engn Dept Mech Engn Kafrelsheikh 33511 Egypt

Population expansion and water shortages are driving up dem.nd for freshwater worldwide. This study presents an in-depth 4E analysis (energy, exergy, exergoeconom.c, and enviroeconom.c) of a novel solar still (SS) design integrated with a photovoltaic (PV) m.dule. In this configuration, the PV m.dule is positioned on the backside of the SS, enabling electrical output to be stored during daylight hours and converted to therm.l energy after sunset to heat saline water in the SS basin until m.dnight. Two solar still configurations are assessed: a conventional solar still (CSS) and an enhanced design featuring the PV m.dule (CSS + PV). This integration not only optim.zes land use by requiring no additional space but also enhances efficiency as the PV m.dule acts as a reflector, transferring additional solar energy to the SS basin. Results dem.nstrate that the CSS + PV setup boosts the SS tem.erature by nearly 23 %, significantly increasing hourly freshwater production, particularly around m.dday, with a 52.3 % increase in daily freshwater yield over the CSS alone. Energy efficiency shows a steady increase until m.d-afternoon, followed by a dip and subsequent rise into the evening, with CSS + PV consistently achieving higher efficiencies. The CSS + PV system.also yields substantial gains in exergy, with day-to-day exergy efficiency im.roving by 20.12 % com.ared to conventional stills. This study underscores the potential of PV-integrated SS system. to enhance perform.nce across m.ltiple m.trics, supporting their suitability for sustainable freshwater production and offering a viable solution for increased water and energy efficiency.

关键词： Photovoltaic panel Solar still Exergoeconom.c Energy storage Exergoenviroeconom.c

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Risk assessm.nt based on spectrophotom.tric signals used in eco-friendly analytical scenarios for estim.tion of carvedilol and hydrochlorothiazide in pharm.ceutical form.lation

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2024年第1期14卷 1-18页

作者： Nabil, m.na marzouk, Hoda m. Ahm.d, Dina A. Abbas, Sam.h S. Lotfy, Hayam.m. Future Univ Egypt Fac Pharm Pharmaceut Chem Dept Cairo 11835 Egypt Cairo Univ Fac Pharm Pharmaceut Analyt Chem Dept El Kasr El Aini St Cairo 11562 Egypt

Special attention is given to the pharm.cological treatm.nt of com.ined m.dication of Carvedilol and hydrochlorothiazide which is the m.st effective and the m.st beneficial therapy for hypertensive patients with diabetes and various m.tabolic com.rbidities. This work represents spectrophotom.tric platform.scenarios based on factorized spectrum.(FS) using interpoint data difference resolution scenarios (IDDRS) coupled with spectrum.subtraction m.thod (SS) for the concurrent quantification of carvedilol (CAR) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) when present together in a com.ination without the need for any initial physical separation steps. This IDD resolution scenario based on m.nipulating the zero-order spectra (D0) of both drugs in the m.xture with various spectral features at different wavelength regions (200-400 nm., region I (220-250 nm., region II (240-300 nm. and region III (270-320 nm. via absorbance resolution (AR) and induced absorbance resolution (IAR) m.thods coupled with corresponding spectrum.subtraction (SS). The calibration curves were established across the linearity ranges of 2.0-12.0 m. g/m. at 242.50 nm.and 4.0-40.0 m. g/m. at 285.5 nm.for CAR and 1.0-11.0 m. g/m. at 226.10 nm.and 2.0-20.0 m. g/m. at 270.5 nm.for HCT. m.reover, m.thods' validation was confirm.d via ICH guidelines. A m.lticenter com.arison between sensitivity, specificity in respect resolution sequence were applied using different wavelength regions with various concentration ranges was applied and finally spectral resolution recom.endation is issued and cum.lative validation score (CVS) is calculated as an indicator in the risk analysis. In quality control laboratories, the studied approaches are applicable for conducting analysis on the m.ntioned drugs. In addition, the selection of spectrophotom.try aligns with the principles of green analytical chem.stry, an approach that resonates with the overarching them. of m.nim.zing environm.ntal im.act. Via four m.tric tools nam.d: analytical

关键词： Absorbance resolution (AR) Carvedilol Greenness profile Hydrochlorothiazide Induced absorbance resolution (IAR) Spectrum.subtraction (SS)

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A validated LC-m./m. m.thod for determ.nation of antiviral prodrug m.lnupiravir in hum.n plasm. and its application for a pharm.cokinetic m.deling study in healthy Egyptian volunteers

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JOURNAL OF CHROm.TOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOm.DICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES 2022年 1206卷 123363页

作者： Gouda, Am.ra S. marzouk, Hoda m. Rezk, m.m.ouh R. Salem. Ahm.d m. m.rsi, m.saad I. Noum.n, Em.n G. Abdallah, Youm.a m. Hassan, Ahm.d Y. Abdel-m.gied, Ahm.d m. Zi Diligence Bioctr Bioequivalence Res Cairo Egypt Cairo Univ Fac Pharm Analyt Chem Dept Kasr El Aini St Cairo 11562 Egypt Univ Maryland Sch Pharm Dept Pharmaceut Sci Baltimore MD 21201 USA Ain Shams Univ Fac Pharm Clin Pharm Dept Cairo Egypt Kafr El Sheikh Univ Fac Pharm Pharmaceut Analyt Chem Dept Kafr El Sheikh City Egypt Notre Dame Maryland Sch Pharm Dept Pharmaceut Sci Baltimore MD 21210 USA Cairo Univ Fac Pharm Analyt Chem Cairo Egypt

A fully validated, sim.le, rapid and reproducible liquid chrom.tography-tandem.m.ss spectrom.try m.thod was developed to determ.ne NHC (N-hydroxycytidine), the active m.tabolite of m.lnupiravir (m.L) in hum.n plasm.;one of the lim.ted treatm.nt options for SARS-CoV-2 in plasm. of healthy volunteers. The internal standard (IS) used was ribavirin. The extraction of analyte and IS from.plasm. was perform.d using acetonitrile as a solvent for protein precipitation. Agilent Zorbax Eclipse plus C18, 4.6 x 150 m., (5 m. m. was used for chrom.tographic separation using a m.xture of m.thanol0.2 % acetic acid (5:95, v/v) as a m.bile phase that was pum.ed at a flow rate of 0.9 m./m.n. Detection was perform.d on a triple quadrupole m.ss spectrom.ter operating in m.ltiple reaction m.nitoring (m.m. em.loying positive ESI interface using API4500 triple quad-rupole tandem.m.ss spectrom.ter system. with the transitions set at m.z 260.10 -> 128.10 and 245.10 -> 113.20 for NHC and IS respectively. m.thod validation was perform.d in accordance with United States FDA bio-analytical guidance. The concentration range of 20.0-10000.0 ng/m. was used to establish linearity via weighted linear regression approach (1/x2). m.reover, the analyzed pharm.cokinetic data from.twelve Egyptian healthy volunteers were used to develop a population pharm.cokinetic m.del for NHC. The developed m.del was used to perform.sim.lations and evaluate the current m.L dosing recom.endations through calculating the m.xim.m.concentration (Cm.x) "the safety m.tric" and area under the curve (AUC0-12 h) "the efficacy m.tric" for 1000 virtual subjects. Geom.tric m.an ratios (Gm.) with their associated 90% confidence intervals (CI) com.ared to literature values were com.uted. Geom.tric m.ans of sim.lation-based Cm.x and AUC0-12 were 3827 ng/m. (Gm. = 1.05;90% CI = 0.96-1.15) and 9320 ng.h/m. (Gm. = 1.04;90% CI = 0.97-1.11), respectively indicating that current m.L dosage can achieve the therapeutic targets and dose adjus

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 m.lnupiravir LC-m. m. Population Pharm.cokinetic m.deling NHC

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A new flexible distribution: Statistical inference with application

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AIP ADVANCES 2024年第3期14卷

作者： Ahsan-ul-Haq, m.ham.ad Farooq, m.ham.ad Um.r Nagy, m. m.nsi, A. H. Habineza, Alexis marzouk, Waleed Univ Punjab Coll Stat Sci Lahore Pakistan Minhaj Univ Sch Stat Lahore Pakistan King Saud Univ Coll Sci Dept Stat & Operat Res Riyadh Saudi Arabia Politecn Milan DICA Milan Italy Kibogora Polytech Univ Dept Sci Kirambo Rwanda Cairo Univ Fac Grad Studies Stat Res Dept Math Stat Giza Egypt

A flexible distribution for the analysis of bounded data is proposed. The new m.del is generalized through the transm.ted approach, and the resultant m.del is nam.d "transm.ted m.dified Lehm.nn-type II distribution." A com.rehensive analysis of key characteristics is perform.d, including the shape of the m.del, survival, and hazard function, analytical expressions of m.de, quantile function, ordinary m.m.nts, quantile function, and stress-strength reliability. Som. fam.us entropy m.asures are also derived. The m.del param.ters have been estim.ted using four distinct m.thods, including m.xim.m.likelihood estim.tion, Anderson Darling, Cram.r-von m.sses, and ordinary least squares. A detailed sim.lation study is used to evaluate the behavior of all derived estim.tors. Finally, a dataset was used to dem.nstrate the utility of the proposed distribution.

关键词： m.xim.m.likelihood estim.tion

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