Objective There are limited treatment options for cartilage defects in clinical practice due to the lack of suitable ***, we evaluated the effects of type Ⅱ collagen sponge on the articular cartilage repairing proces...
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Objective There are limited treatment options for cartilage defects in clinical practice due to the lack of suitable ***, we evaluated the effects of type Ⅱ collagen sponge on the articular cartilage repairing process using a cartilage injury of a rabbit knee joint *** showed that the type Ⅱ collagen sponges generated from our modified method appeared to have a suitable pore size of 93.26 ± 38.4 micron for chondrocyte *** with H&E staining results demonstrated that the effusion absorption in the type Ⅱ collagen sponge treated group was quicker than that of the control group.
Thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) is a potential target for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment. A series of quinazoline derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated as TXNIP inhibitor to protect p...
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Circulation of influenza A virus (IAV), especially within poultry and pigs, continues to threaten public health. A simple and universal detecting method is important for monitoring IAV infection in different species. ...
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Circulation of influenza A virus (IAV), especially within poultry and pigs, continues to threaten public health. A simple and universal detecting method is important for monitoring IAV infection in different species. Recently, nanobodies, which show advantages of easy gene editing and low cost of production, are a promising novel diagnostic tool for the monitoring and control of global IAVs. In the present study, five nanobodies against the nucleoprotein of H9N2 IAV were screened from the immunized Bactrian camel by phage display and modified with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tags. Out of which, we determined that H9N2-NP-Nb5-HRP can crossreact with different subtypes of IAVs, and this reaction is also blocked by positive sera for antibodies against different IAV subtypes. Epitope mapping showed that the nanobody-HRP fusion recognized a conserved conformational epitope in all subtypes of IAVs. Subsequently, we developed a nanobody-based competitive ELISA (cELISA) for detecting anti-IAV antibodies in different species. The optimized amount of coating antigen and dilutions of the fusion and testing sera were 100 ng/well, 1:4000, and 1:10, respectively. The time for operating the cELISA was approximately 35 min. The cELISA showed high sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, and stability. In addition, we found that the cELISA and hemagglutination inhibition test showed a consistency of 100% and 87.91% for clinical and challenged chicken sera, respectively. Furthermore, the agreement rates were 90.4% and 85.7% between the cELISA and commercial IEDXX ELISA kit. Collectively, our developed nanobody-HRP fusion–based cELISA is an ideal method for monitoring IAV infection in different species.
Reperfusion injury is still a major challenge that impedes neuronal survival in ischemic stroke. However, the current clinical treatments are remained on single pathological process, which are due to lack of comprehen...
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Reperfusion injury is still a major challenge that impedes neuronal survival in ischemic stroke. However, the current clinical treatments are remained on single pathological process, which are due to lack of comprehensive neuroprotective effects. Herein, a macrophage-disguised honeycomb manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanosphere loaded with fingolimod (FTY) is developed to salvage the ischemic penumbra. In particular, the biomimetic nanoparticles can accumulate actively in the damaged brain via macrophage-membrane protein-mediated recognition with cell adhesion molecules that are overexpressed on the damaged vascular endothelium. MnO2 nanosphere can consume excess hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and convert it into desiderated oxygen (O-2), and can be decomposed in acidic lysosome for cargo release, so as to reduce oxidative stress and promote the transition of M1 microglia to M2 type, eventually reversing the proinflammatory microenvironment and reinforcing the survival of damaged neuron. This biomimetic nanomedicine raises new strategy for multitargeted combined treatment of ischemic stroke.
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