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Purification, structural characterization, and in vitro immunomodulatory activity of a low-molecular-weight polysaccharide from cultivated Chinese cordyceps

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES 2025年 301卷 140394页

作者： Li, Wenqing Zhao, Biaoxi Liu, Xiaopeng He, Zhuobin Xie, Liqiao qian, zhengming Dongguan HEC Cordyceps R&D Co Ltd Key Lab State Adm Tradit Chinese Med Dongguan 523850 Guangdong Peoples R China Xiangnan Univ Coll Med Imaging Lab & Rehabil Chenzhou 423000 Hunan Peoples R China Qilin Middle Sch Nanshan Expt Educ Grp Shenzhen 518000 Guangdong Peoples R China

Cultivated Chinese cordyceps, an optimal substitute for the endangered wild resource, has recently been produced on a large scale. This work sought to explore the structural features and immunomodulatory activity of a novel low-molecular-weight polysaccharide (CSP1a, 15.7 kDa) isolated from cultivated Chinese cordyceps. CSP1a was prepared with a multi-step process that encompassed hot water extraction, alcohol precipitation, and column chromatographic purification. The monosaccharide composition, infrared spectroscopy, methylation, and nuclear magnetic resonance results revealed that CSP1a was highly branched (with a branching degree of 49.21 %) and primarily constituted of galactose (30.60 %), glucose (12.87 %) and mannose (56.53 %), comprising 13 distinct types of glycosidic linkage fragments. The main chain of CSP1a consisted of different mannose residues, with several exposed beta-D-Galf-(1 -> residues in various side chains. The results from scanning electron microscopy and Congo red analyses revealed that CSP1a possessed a reticulated porous chain conformation, which enhanced its bioavailability and demonstrated its potential as a carrier. In vitro immunological investigations demonstrated that CSP1a significantly promoted splenic lymphocyte proliferation. Additionally, CSP1a increased RAW264.7 cell proliferation, improved phagocytic capacity, and stimulated the secretion of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, CSP1a, a novel low-molecular-weight polysaccharide galactoglucomannan with a high branching degree and reticulated porous chain conformation, was isolated for the first time from cultivated Chinese cordyceps and showed promise as a potential immunomodulator or drug carrier. These findings contribute to elucidating the polysaccharide material basis for the immune activity of Chinese cordyceps and promote its industrial development as a functional food product.

关键词： Chinese cordyceps Polysaccharide Structure characterization Immune-modulatory effect

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Rapid and environmentally friendly quantification of myricetin and dihydromyricetin in vine tea using direct infusion-tandem mass spectrometry

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JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS 2025年 140卷

作者： Wang, Wenhao Tan, Guoying Lei, Qinggui Chen, Jing qian, zhengming Jinan Univ Coll Pharm Inst Tradit Chinese Med & Nat Prod Guangzhou 510632 Guangdong Peoples R China Dongguan HEC Cordyceps R&D Co Ltd Key Lab State Adm Tradit Chinese Med Dongguan 523871 Guangdong Peoples R China Xiangnan Univ Coll Med Imaging Lab & Rehabil Dept Rehabil Med Chenzhou 423000 Hunan Peoples R China

A rapid and environmentally friendly quantification method for myricetin and dihydromyricetin in vine tea was developed using direct infusion-tandem mass spectrometry (DI-MS/MS). These compounds are vital functional components known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, making them significant for health promotion. DI-MS/MS enhances analytical efficiency by eliminating the need for chromatographic separation, significantly reducing analysis time and solvent consumption compared to previous methods like liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. This method was validated for accuracy, precision, and stability, ensuring reliable results across various samples. By providing a more sustainable and rapid method for the quality control of vine tea products, this method contributes significantly to the industrial development of vine tea as a functional food product, thereby supporting consumer safety and health benefits in the growing market for herbal teas and natural health products.

关键词： Vine tea Myricetin Dihydromyricetin Direct infusion-tandem mass spectrometry Rapid quantification Herbal tea Functional food Environmental sustainability

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A Low-cost and Rapid Method for Determination of Five Flavonoids in Herbal Medicines with Rutin by HPLC-UV at Equal Absorption Wavelength

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CURRENT ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2025年第2期21卷 124-133页

作者： qian, zhengming He, Zhuobin Lian, Dongyin Huang, Qi Tan, Guoying Xie, Juying Xiangnan Univ Coll Med Imaging Lab & Rehabil Chenzhou Peoples R China Dongguan HEC Cordyceps R&D Co Ltd Key Lab State Adm Tradit Chinese Med Dongguan Peoples R China

Background Flavonoid is a type of active constituent in herbs and always used as the quality control markers of herbal medicines. Owing to the extensive diversity of flavonoids, numerous reference compounds are necessitated for the analysis of flavonoids, and some are usually very expensive, which engenders challenges in the analysis of flavonoids in herbal medicines. Consequently, the development of a simple, rapid, and reference compounds saving method is important for the determination of flavonoids in herbal *** In order to develop a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of 5 flavonoids (mangiferin, hesperidin, baicalin, buddleoside, and rutin) in five herbal medicines (Anemarrhenae rhizome, Sophorae flos, Citri reticulatae pericarpium, Scutellariae radix, and Chrysanthemi indici flos) with *** Five herbal medicine samples were prepared according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia which includes ultrasound and reflux methods. The separation of the sample was performed on a PoroShell 120 EC-C18 (4.6 mmx100 mm, 2.7 mu m) by gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The wavelengths were set as follows: Anemarrhenae rhizome (363 nm), Sophorae flos (256 nm), Citri reticulatae pericarpium (236 nm), Scutellariae radix (263 nm), Chrysanthemi indici flos (354 nm).Results The method validation showed that the established HPLC method was accurate and stable for quantitative analysis of flavonoids in five herbal medicines. The comparative analysis revealed that the determination results of the current HPLC method and Chinese Pharmacopoeia method are consistent, exhibiting less than 1% relative error. Remarkably, the developed HPLC method needs one cheapest reference compound (rutin) and costs 8 min for sample HPLC *** The developed HPLC method for quantitative analysis of five flavonoids in five herbal medicines is simple, rapid, and reference compound saving

关键词： Flavonoids rutin herbal medicine HPLC equal absorption wavelength quantitative analysis quality control

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Analysis of Antioxidants from Three Parts of Polygonum Chinense based on Online Extraction High Performance Liquid Chromatography Antioxidant Analysis System

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CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY 2025年第2期22卷 e202401771页

作者： qian, zhengming Huang, Qi Wu, Mengqi Yang, Weiqi Wei, Zhixiong Cheng, Xinjie Li, Deqiang Xiangnan Univ Coll Med Imaging Lab & Rehabil Chenzhou 423000 Hunan Peoples R China Dongguan HEC Cordyceps R&D Co Ltd Dongguan 523000 Guangdong Peoples R China Dongguan Inst Food & Drug Control Dongguan 523000 Guangdong Peoples R China Chinese Acad Med Sci Canc Hosp Natl Clin Res Ctr Canc Dept PharmLangfang BranchNatl Canc Ctr Langfang 065001 Hebei Peoples R China Hebei Med Univ Hosp 2 Dept Pharm Shijiazhuang 050000 Hebei Peoples R China

In the current study, a rapid online extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) antioxidant analysis approach was developed to explore the antioxidant ingredients in three different parts of Polygonum Chinense. A total of 22 chromatographic peaks were found, among which 8 components were found for the first time. And among these 22 peaks, 19 of them were demonstrated as antioxidants. Furthermore, all three parts from Polygonum Chinense exhibited antioxidant activity (13.19, 3.89, and 19.85 mg CE/g extract, for the leaf, stem, and flower, respectively) and the antioxidant activity values of the leaf and flower were more than 3 times that of the stem. The leaf, flower, and stem of Polygonum Chinense had 17, 13, and 15 antioxidant components, respectively. Among them, neochlorogenic acid (2) and quercetin-3-O-malonylglucoside (18) were considered as the main antioxidants in the leaf of Polygonum Chinense. In terms of flower, geraniin (10) and quercetin-3-O-malonylglucoside (18) were proved as the major antioxidants. This is the first report on the antioxidant components from different parts of Polygonum Chinense. It provides foundational scientific data for the continued exploration of chemical and pharmacological study of Polygonum Chinense, which is beneficial for the future product development and quality evaluation improvement of Polygonum Chinense.

关键词： Antioxidant HPLC Natural products Online extraction Polygonum Chinense

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Life evaluation method for nickel-based directionally solidified turbine blade-like specimens under near-service conditions

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ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS 2025年 314卷

作者： Sui, Tianxiao Gan, Yang Yang, Qinzheng Zhu, Shunpeng Wang, Wenjun Mi, Dong qian, zhengming Hu, Xiaoan Nanchang Hangkong Univ Sch Power & Energy Nanchang 330063 Peoples R China Nanchang Hangkong Univ Jiangxi Key Lab Green Gen Aviat Power Nanchang 330063 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Mech & Elect Engn Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China Aero Engine Corp China Hunan Aviat Powerplant Res Inst Zhuzhou 412002 Hunan Peoples R China

Life assessment of turbine blades is a challenging issue due to the complexity of their structural designs and operational loads. To address the issue, a life evaluation method for turbine bladelike specimens under near-service conditions was investigated. First, creep and creep-fatigue tests were conducted on these specimens to replicate operational environments, with the nominal load of the critical section set at 950 degrees C/273 MPa. Next, the coupled-damage Norton-Bailey model was used to simulate the creep behavior at 760 degrees C, 850 degrees C and 980 degrees C. Electromagnetic- thermal coupling simulations were then carried out in COMSOL with a 120A alternating current, yielding the temperature distribution for the blade-like specimen. The mechanical response of these specimens under creep and creep-fatigue conditions was simulated based on the Norton- Bailey model. Finally, a life prediction model was developed by introducing a weight function into the critical distance method. The results indicated that the introduction of film-cooling holes and cyclic loading reduced the specimens' life by 43 % and 42 %, respectively. Elevated temperatures (942-965 degrees C) at the leading edge caused crack initiation in non-holed specimens, while high stress (maximum stress of 1103 MPa) around the holes led to crack initiation in holed specimens. A comparative analysis with traditional cross-sectional averaging methods demonstrated that the proposed model achieves higher predictive accuracy, with all predictions falling within a twofold scatter band.

关键词： Turbine blade-like specimens Complex stress field Creep-fatigue Critical distance method Life prediction

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A Green and Rapid High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Method for Determination of Four Organic Acids in Different Parts of Dandelion With Blue Applicability Grade Index Assessment

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JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY 2025年第1期2025卷

作者： Chen, Jing Lei, Qinggui Yang, Weiqi Wang, Wenhao Tan, Guang' e qian, zhengming Xiangnan Univ Affiliated Hosp Dept Rehabil Med Chenzhou 423000 Peoples R China Xiangnan Univ Coll Med Imaging Lab & Rehabil Chenzhou 423000 Peoples R China Dongguan HEC Cordyceps R&D Co Ltd Key Lab State Adm Tradit Chinese Med Dongguan 523871 Peoples R China Jinan Univ Inst Tradit Chinese Med & Nat Prod Coll Pharm Guangzhou 510632 Peoples R China

Dandelion is a functional food that serves both medicinal and dietary purposes, which requires quality control to ensure its safety and efficacy. This study established a rapid high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) method for analyzing four organic acids in different parts of dandelion. After ultrasonic extraction with 40% methanol, samples were analyzed using an Agilent InfinityLab Poroshell 120 EC-C-18 column with a mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous-methanol and detection wavelength at 325 nm. The method completed the analysis in 5 min (2 min for extraction and 3 min for chromatographic analysis). The 4 organic acid standards (caftaric acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and chicoric acid) showed excellent linearity (r > 0.9995), and the average spiked recoveries were 101.38%, 96.85%, 103.94%, and 100.15% (relative standard deviations were 1.00%, 1.00%, 0.97%, and 0.55%), respectively. The total content of 4 organic acids is highest in dandelion flowers (1.355 mg/g dry weight [DW]), followed by stems/leaves (1.182 mg/g DW), and lowest in roots (0.026 mg/g DW). Additionally, to evaluate the environmental impact of both new and reported methods, this study performed an analysis using the blue applicability grade index. The developed methodology obtained the highest score of 80.0, which indicated that the developed HPLC method was most effective and eco-friendly. In conclusion, this method is rapid, accurate, and eco-friendly, which is help to the product development and quality evaluation of dandelion.

关键词： dandelion environmental sustainability functional food green chemistry organic acids quality evaluation rapid quantification

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Analysis of Cordyceps by multi-column liquid chromatography

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2017年第2期7卷 202-207页

作者： zhengming qian Shaoping Li Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of MacaoMacaoChina Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Sunshine Lake Pharma Co.Ltd.Dongguan 523850China

Cordyceps is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been used in China for hundreds of years. In the present study a multi-column liquid chromatography (MC-LC) system was developed for the qualitative analysis of macromolecules and micromolecules in Cordyceps. The MC-LC system includes a size exclusion pre-column, a size exclusion column (SEC) and a reversed phase column (RP) which were controlled by column-switching valves. The sample was separated by the size exclusion pre-column into two fractions (macromolecules and micromolecules). These fractions were further separated on SEC and RP columns, respectively. A diode array detector (DAD) and a mass spectrometer (MS) were used to detect the components. This MC-LC method was utilized for analysis of Cordyceps samples. Two macromolecular peaks and 15 micromolecular peaks were found in Cordyceps, and 11 of the micromolecular peaks were identified as adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP), phenylalanine, uridine, hypoxanthine, inosine, guanine, guanosine, deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (dAMP), adenosine, adenine and cordycepin (or its isomer). This method is useful for quality control of Cordyceps. (C) 2017 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Cordycepie Macromocules Micromolecules Multi-column Size exclusion column

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A novel high-order multivariate Markov model for spatiotemporal analysis with application to COVID-19 outbreak

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JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN STATISTICAL SOCIETY 2023年第3期52卷 495-521页

作者： Elshehawey, A. M. qian, zhengming Damietta Univ Fac Commerce Dept Appl Math & Actuarial Stat Dumyat Egypt Xiamen Univ Sch Econ Dept Stat & Data Sci Xiamen Peoples R China

We propose a new strategy for analyzing the evolution of random phenomena over time and space simultaneously based on the high-order multivariate Markov chains. We develop a novel Markov model of order r for m chains consisting of s possible ciations among the chains with only a reduced number of parameters, rm2 (s2 + 2), states to gather parsimony with realism. It can capture negative and positive asso-remarkably lower than msrm+1 required for the full parameterized model. Our model privileges are enhanced by a Monte Carlo simulation experiment, besides applica-tion to analyze the spatial-temporal dynamics for the risk level of a recently global pandemic (COVID-19) outbreak in world health organization (WHO) regions for predicting the risk state of epidemiological prevalence and monitoring infection control.

关键词： High-order multivariate Markov chains Linear programming Parsimonious modeling Positive and negative correlations Spatiotemporal analysis COVID-19

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Bayesian monitoring of linear profile monitoring using DEWMA charts

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QUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL 2017年第8期33卷 1783-1812页

作者： Abbas, Tahir qian, zhengming Ahmad, Shabbir Riaz, Muhammad Xiamen Univ Sch Econ Dept Stat Xiamen 361005 Peoples R China Univ Lahore Govt Coll Dept Stat Lahore Pakistan COMSATS Inst Informat Technol Dept Math Wah Cantonment Pakistan King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals Dept Math & Stat Dhahran Saudi Arabia

Process monitoring is an essential element for an improved quality of final products. A variety of tools are used for it;control charts are one of these choices. Classical and Bayesian thoughts arc 2 main aspects of statistics used in different areas of application. This study introduces an approach to existing theories in applied quality control: Bayesian double exponentially weighted moving average (DEWMA) control charts for monitoring the profiles of products and processes. Three novel univariate Bayesian DEWMA charting structures for the Y intercepts, slopes, and error variances are designed under phase 2 procedures. The performance of the designed structures of control charts is evaluated based on different nun length measures. The comparative analysis revealed that Bayesian DEWMA control charts are efficient at identifying the sustainable shifts in the process parameters. Moreover, DEWMA control charts are more effective under classical and Bayesian methodologies for detecting smaller value shifts compared with exponentially weighted moving average charts. We have examined that acquiring extra information in the form of prior's about process parameters comes up with tangible benefits and enhances the detection potential of DEWMA charts for profiles monitoring. An example and case studies are provided to justify the above findings.

关键词： double EWMA linear profiles posterior distributions prior distributions run length properties

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On monitoring of linear profiles using Bayesian methods

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COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING 2016年 94卷 245-268页

作者： Abbas, Tahir qian, zhengming Ahmad, Shabbir Riaz, Muhammad Xiamen Univ Sch Econ Dept Stat Xiamen 361005 Peoples R China Govt Coll Univ Lahore Dept Stat Lahore 54000 Pakistan COMSATS Inst Informat Technol Dept Math Wah Cantt 47040 Pakistan King Fahad Univ Petr & Minerals Dept Math & Stat Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia

In many industrial applications, the quality of a process or product is distinctly illustrated by a linear profile. Mostly, a linear profile is shaped or modeled through the usage of linear regression model. Classical and Bayesian set-ups are two possible ways of defining the design structure of a linear profile. This study proposes a fresh Bayesian approach by using different priors for monitoring the linear profiles of processes. In this research we constructed three novel univariate Bayesian EWMA control charts for the Y-intercepts, the slopes and the errors variance under phase II methods by using non-conjugate and conjugate priors. These control charts are used to monitor the Y-intercepts, the slope coefficients and increase in process standard deviations, respectively. This study confirmed that the Bayesian methods distinguish sustainable shifts in the process parameters superior than the competing methods. Moreover, the Bayesian control charting structures with conjugate priors provide better performance for monitoring the Y-intercepts and slopes than the one of non-conjugate priors, while both priors perform almost equivalently in case of errors variance. The individual and overall performance of control charts are evaluated by using (i.e., ARL, SDRL, and MDRL) and (i.e., EQL, RARL, and PCI), respectively. The practical example is considered as an illustration to justify the supremacy of proposed approach and recommendations are given for future perspective. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Linear profile Prior distribution Posterior distribution Run length properties Performance Comparison Index (PCI)

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