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中国地质 2022年第3期49卷 749-769页

作者：秦绪文陆程王平康梁前勇中国地质调查局北京100037 中国地质调查局广州海洋地质调查局广东广州510075 天然气水合物勘查开发国家工程研究中心广东广州510075 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心北京100083

【研究目的】中国地质调查局先后于2017年、2020年在南海北部神狐海域成功实施两轮水合物试采,创造了产气时间最长、产气总量最大、日均产气量最高等多项世界纪录,了解和掌握南海天然气水合物开采储层相变与渗流机理,有助于进一步揭示... 详细信息

【研究目的】中国地质调查局先后于2017年、2020年在南海北部神狐海域成功实施两轮水合物试采,创造了产气时间最长、产气总量最大、日均产气量最高等多项世界纪录,了解和掌握南海天然气水合物开采储层相变与渗流机理,有助于进一步揭示该类型水合物分解机理、产出规律、增产机制等,可为中国海域水合物资源规模高效开采提供理论基础。【研究方法】基于两轮试采实践,笔者通过深入研究发现,储层结构表征、水合物相变、多相渗流与增渗、产能模拟与调控是制约水合物分解产气效率的重要因素。【研究结果】研究表明,南海水合物相变具有分解温度低,易在储层内形成二次水合物等特点,是由渗流场-应力场-温度场-化学场共同作用的复杂系统;多相渗流作用主要受控于未固结储层的物性特征、水合物相变、开采方式等多元因素影响,具有较强的甲烷吸附性、绝对渗透率易突变、气相流动能力弱等特点;围绕南海水合物长期、稳定、高效开采目标,需要在初始储层改造基础上,通过实施储层二次改造,进一步优化提高储层渗流能力,实现增渗扩产目的。【结论】随着天然气水合物产业化进程不断向前推进,还需要着力解决大规模长时间产气过程中温度压力微观变化及物质能源交换响应机制以及水合物高效分解、二次生成边界条件等难题。

关键词：天然气水合物泥质粉砂储层水合物相变渗流机理海域天然气水合物勘查试采工程南海中国

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Molecular simulation studies on the water/methane two-phase flow in a cylindrical silica nanopore: Formation mechanisms of water lock and implications for gas hydrate exploitation

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FUEL 2023年第Part1期333卷

作者： Zheng, Chao Guo, Guang-Jun qin, xuwen Dong, Yanhui Lu, Cheng Peng, Bo Tang, Wei Bian, Hang Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Key Lab Petr Resource Res Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Coll Earth & Planetary Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China China Geol Survey Guangzhou Marine Geol Survey Guangzhou 511458 Peoples R China Natl Engn Res Ctr Gas Hydrate Explorat & Dev Guangzhou 511458 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Key Lab Shale Gas & Geoengn Beijing 100029 Peoples R China China Geol Survey Ctr Oil & Nat Gas Resource Explorat Beijing 100083 Peoples R China China Univ Geosci Sch Energy Resources Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

The water/gas two-phase flow is a frequently encountered question in the percolation field, and is especially important for the exploitation of natural gas hydrates because their decomposition products are exactly liquid water and natural gas. We studied the water/methane two-phase flow in a hydrophilic cylindrical nanopore by performing molecular simulations, and obtained high-quality nanoflows under different water saturation (Sw) thanks to the newly established nano-manometer method to control pressure difference accurately. With increasing Sw, the methane flow decreases almost linearly until a sudden stop when Sw >= 0.52. The formation of the water lock accounting for this phenomenon is observed clearly, and the larger Sw, the earlier formation of the water lock as well as the longer water lock. Based on careful data analysis, a water lock model and its formation mechanism are newly proposed with two pieces of strong evidence - the continuous reduction of the surface area of the water/gas interface when the water lock forms and the existence of maximum thickness of water film for different Sw. Thus, the competition between the surface tension of the water/gas interface and the adsorption of the water/wall interface controls the development of the water lock. These findings are very helpful for un-derstanding the two-phase percolation and optimizing the gas production and water removal schemes during hydrate exploitation. In addition, the nano-manometer can be widely used in other nanoflow simulations for measuring the local pressure accurately.

关键词： Water methane two-phase flow Cylindrical nanopore Nano -manometer Relative permeability Water lock Natural gas hydrates

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Micro- and Nanoscale Pore Structure Characterization and Mineral Composition Analysis of Clayey-Silt Hydrate Reservoir in South China Sea

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GEOFLUIDS 2022年第1期2022卷

作者： Lu, Cheng Xia, Yuxuan qin, xuwen Ma, Chao Bian, Hang Xing, Donghui Lu, Hongfeng China Geol Survey Guangzhou Marine Geol Survey Guangzhou 511458 Peoples R China Natl Engn Res Ctr Gas Hydrate Explorat & Dev Guangzhou 511458 Guangdong Peoples R China China Geol Survey Ctr Oil & Nat Gas Resource Explorat Beijing 100083 Peoples R China China Univ Petr State Key Lab Petr Resources & Prospecting Beijing 102249 Peoples R China Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab Guangzhou Guangzhou 511458 Peoples R China China Univ Geosci Sch Energy Resources Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

Natural gas hydrate is a kind of environmentally friendly unconventional energy with large reserves, which attract increasing attention in recent years. The microscopic pore structure and mineral composition of natural gas hydrate reservoir have a great influence on its seepage characteristics during exploitation. In this study, computed tomography and scanning electron microscope are used to obtain digital images of three clayey-silt natural gas hydrate reservoir samples in the Shenhu area of South China Sea, and then, the pore structure and the mineral composition of the samples are obtained after image processing. The result indicates that the clayey-silt samples show strong hydrophilic characteristics, small particles, good sorting properties, variable pore distribution, small average pore and throat radius, large porosity, and a large content of submicron pores. The mineral composition of the reservoir is mainly quartz and contains a certain amount of clay minerals, mainly illite, while the mineral composition of reservoir rich in microbial fossils is mainly carbonate. The results indicate that the pore structure and mineral composition of natural gas hydrate reservoirs in Shenhu area lay a foundation for the efficient development of the clayey-silt reservoir.

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Environmental Monitoring Technology for Marine Natural Gas Hydrate

Environmental Monitoring Technology for Marine Natural Gas H...

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2023年中国地球科学联合学术年会

作者： Liang Qianyong Ye Jianliang qin xuwen Dong Yifei Xie Wenwei Zhong Chao Guo Binbin Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Geological Survey

Natural gas hydrate(NGH) is considered as one of the new clean energy sources of the 21st century with the highest potential. The environmental issues of NGH production have attracted the close attention of scientists in various countries. In 2017 and 2020, China Geological Survey successfully organized two rounds of NGH production test in the South China Sea, which set a number of world records, marking a significant leap from "exploratory test production" to "experimental test production", and also indicating an important breakthrough in environmental safety of NGH production test. China Geological survey attaches great importance to the environmental impact of NGH research work. Since 2011, we have research methane leakage, underwater landslides, subsidence, and marine ecological change may cause by NGH exploration. And the marine environment baseline characteristics before the production test in Shenhu sea area have been clarified. In addition, environmental security has also been effectively guaranteed via a comprehensive environmental monitoring system built during the NGH production test. The monitoring system considered methane leakage, seabed subsidence, marine environment and sea surface atmosphere environment. The whole process was monitored via multiple means, in multiple layers, in all domains, and in real time. After the production test, the marine environment tracking survey have been carried out in time to effectively discuss and verify the environmental impact of NGH production test. The results of the two rounds of NGH production test showed that the content of dissolved methane in seawater and the seabed environment characteristics is consistent with the background values, indicating that the two rounds of production test did not cause seabed landslide, methane leakage and other environmental problems, and make no difference on the marine environment basically.

关键词： Natural gas hydrates Production test Environmental monitoring Environmental impact

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Experimental Study on the Evolution of Hydrate Formation and Blockage in a Water-Dominated Bubbly Flow System

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kong, qingwen qin, xuwen Wang, Zhiyuan Zhang, Jianbo Tong, Shikun Sun, Baojiang Qingdao266580 China Department of Basic Investigation China Geological Survey Beijing100083 China National Engineering Research Center of Oil & Gas Drilling and Completion Technology Qingdao266580 China

During deepwater oil and gas drilling and hydrate production testing, water-dominated bubbly flow patterns may appear in the wellbore and drainage pipeline. Hydrate formation in bubbly flow may cause hydrate blockage and threaten the flow safety. In this study, a newly built high-pressure flow loop and a focused beam reflectance measurement device were used to investigate the evolution of hydrate formation and blockage in bubbly flow. The concentration and rate of hydrate rapid formation were mainly influenced by the initial flow velocity and maximum subcooling of the system. Considering the bubble breakage, coalescence and deformation, a kinetic model of hydrate rapid formation in bubbly flow was established based on the correction of the reaction rate factor K, and the model error was experimentally verified to be less than 15%. Hydrate aggregates in the range of 150–500 μm caused severe flow barriers, and three significant events were proposed to characterize the evolution degree of hydrate aggregation and blockage in bubbly flow. The critical initial flow velocity of 0.65±0.05 m/s determines whether hydrate aggregates with particle sizes larger than 150 μm will appear immediately when the hydrate is formed. And two main mechanisms of hydrate blockage in water-dominated bubbly flow were revealed. This study is expected to lay the foundation for hydrate flow assurance in wellbores and pipelines. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Flow velocity

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Investigation of anionic group effects on the shale inhibition performance of fatty acid-based ionic liquids and their inhibition mechanism

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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS 2022年第0期636卷 128135-128135页

作者： Jia, Han Wang, Shaoyan Wang, Zhe Wang, Qiang Jia, Haidong Song, Lin qin, xuwen Fan, Fangning Li, Zhe Huang, Pan China Univ Petr East China Key Lab Unconvent Oil & Gas Dev Minist Educ Qingdao 266580 Peoples R China China Univ Petr East China Shandong Key Lab Oilfield Chem Sch Petr Engn Qingdao 266580 Peoples R China Univ Alberta Dept Chem & Mat Engn Edmonton AB T6G 1H9 Canada

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been introduced as novel high-performance shale inhibitors. The inhibition performance and mechanism of the cation groups in ILs have been widely investigated, whereas the effects of the anionic groups in ILs on the inhibitory capacity have rarely been reported. In this work, a series of fatty acid-based ionic liquids (FAILs) with different anionic groups, methyltrioctylammonium octanoate ([N8881][C8:0]), methyltrioctylammonium laurate ([N8881][C12:0]), and methyltrioctylammonium palmitate ([N8881][C16:0]), were synthesized to evaluate their inhibition ability via the sodium bentonite (Na-Bent) immersion test, the linear swelling test, and the shale hot-rolling recovery test. Compared with the traditional inhibitor KCl (2 wt%), FAIL [N8881][C8:0] showed greater inhibition performance at a much lower concentration (0.1 wt%). The inhibition mechanism of FAILs was further analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), zeta potential measurements, and contact angle measurements. It was speculated that the best inhibition ability and thermal stability of [N8881][C8:0] should be attributed to the intensive interaction and the sizematching effect between cationic and anionic groups. The present study provided novel insight into the research and development of high-efficiency shale inhibitors.

关键词： Shale inhibitor Fatty acid-based ionic liquids Size-matching effect Intermolecular interaction Inhibition mechanism

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The Characteristics of Gas-Water Two-Phase Radial Flow in Clay-Silt Sediment and Effects on Hydrate Production

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GEOFLUIDS 2021年第1期2021卷

作者： Lu, Cheng qin, xuwen Yu, Lu Geng, Lantao Mao, Wenjing Bian, Hang Meng, Fanle Yang, Jianhui China Geol Survey Guangzhou Marine Geol Survey Guangzhou 510760 Peoples R China Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab Guangzho Guangzhou 511458 Peoples R China China Geol Survey Ctr Oil & Nat Gas Resource Explorat Beijing 100083 Peoples R China China Univ Geosci Sch Energy Resources Beijing 100083 Peoples R China China Geol Survey Gas Hydrate Engn Technol Ctr Guangzhou 510760 Peoples R China China Geol Survey Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

Many hydrate-bearing sediments in the Shenhu area of the South China Sea are featured with unconsolidated clayed silt, small particle size, and high content of clay, which can pose a great challenge for gas production. In order to investigate the gas-water relative permeability in clay-silt sediments, through a radial flow experiment, samples from the target sediment in the Shenhu area were selected and studied. The results show that the irreducible water saturation is high and the influence of the gas-water interaction is obvious. The relative permeability analysis shows that the two-phase flow zone is narrow and maximum gas relative permeability is below 0.1. The flow pattern in clay-silt sediment is more complicated, and the existing empirical models are inadequate for flow characterization. The depressurization method to extract a hydrate reservoir with clay-silt sediments faces the problem of insufficient production capacity. Compared with the ordinary hydrate reservoir with sandstone sediment, the hydrate reservoir with clay-silt sediment has a low permeability and poor gas flow capacity. The gas-water ratio abnormally decreases during the production. It is urgent to enhance production with cost-effective measures.

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Synthesis of hybrid dendritic mesoporous silica titanium nanoparticles to stabilize Pickering emulsions for enhanced oil recovery

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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS 2021年 628卷 127237-127237页

作者： Jia, Han He, Juan Xu, Yingbiao Wang, Tingyi Zhang, Lingyu Fan, Fangning qin, xuwen Li, Zhe Lv, Kaihe Wang, Yabin China Univ Petr East China Sch Petr Engn Shandong Key Lab Oilfield Chem Qingdao 266580 Peoples R China China Univ Petr East China Minist Educ Key Lab Unconvent Oil & Gas Dev Qingdao 266580 Peoples R China SINOPEC Technol Inspect Ctr Shengli Oilfield Co Dongying 257000 Peoples R China Yanan Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn Shaanxi Key Lab Chem React Engn Yanan 716000 Peoples R China

Nanoparticles stabilized Pickering emulsions have been widely applied in various fields. The size and morphology of nanoparticles are regarded as crucial factors for the emulsion stability. In this study, the dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs) and two kinds of hybrid dendritic mesoporous silica titanium nanoparticles (DMSTNs-0.01 and DMSTNs-0.03) have been successfully prepared and investigated for their potential application to stabilize Pickering emulsions. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra are employed to confirm the successful fabrication of the nanoparticles. The stability of DMSNs and DMSTNs stabilized emulsions are systematically evaluated via the optical microscopy and static multiple light scattering. The DMSTNs-0.01 displays the greatest ability to stabilize emulsions. N-2 physisorption and atomic force microscopy demonstrate the stability of Pickering emulsions is closely related to the specific surface area and surface roughness of nanoparticles. Moreover, DMSTNs-0.01 stabilized O/W Pickering emulsions show satisfactory displacement performance (tertiary oil recovery of 14.05%) in core flooding experiments. Microscopic visualization tests further indicate the emulsions can effectively block the high permeability channels generated by initial water flooding to increase the flowing resistance and then cause the flow diversion of the repellent fluid to enlarge the sweep area.

关键词： Hybrid dendritic mesoporous silica titanium nanoparticles Pickering emulsions Surface roughness Specific surface area EOR

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Potential triggers and development processes of submarine landslides in the Xisha Trough Basin, South China Sea

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GEOMORPHOLOGY 2024年 448卷

作者： Zhang, Yunshan Wu, Nan qin, xuwen Wu, Tingting Wei, Jiangong Wang, Pingkang Lv, Wenchao Jia, Yonggang Ocean Univ China Shandong Prov Key Lab Marine Environm & Geol Engn Qingdao Peoples R China China Geol Survey Zhoushan Field Sci Observat & Res Stn Marine Geoha Zhoushan Peoples R China Ocean Univ China Sanya Ocean Res Inst Sanya Hainan Peoples R China Tongji Univ State Key Lab Marine Geol Shanghai Peoples R China China Geol Survey Beijing Peoples R China Guangzhou Marine Geol Survey MLR Key Lab Marine Mineral Resources Guangzhou Peoples R China Guangzhou Marine Geol Survey Sanya Inst South China Sea Geol Sanya Peoples R China China Geol Survey Acad South China Sea Geol Sci Sanya Peoples R China Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol Lab Marine Geol Qingdao Shandong Peoples R China

Both submarine landslides and submarine canyons can transfer large amounts of terrigenous quantities from the continental shelf to the deep sea. In some cases, they can have a close relationship to their spatial distribution, formation and evolution. Submarine landslides on the shelf-slope can provide early depressions for submarine canyons, representing the early stage of submarine canyons. The continuous downcutting process during the evolution of submarine canyons can steepen the gradient of the canyon sidewalls, which can lead to the occurrence of submarine landslides. However, the role of submarine canyons in the initiation of slope failure has been overlooked. In this study, high-resolution multibeam bathymetry data, submarine image data and 2-D seismic data were used to investigate two adjacent submarine landslides developed on the northern slope of the Xisha Trough and the spatiotemporal relationship of these landslides to the Central Canyon. We identified a steep downslope between the submarine landslides and the Central Canyon. The Central Canyon formation age was much earlier than those of the submarine landslides. The Central Canyon is filled with modern submarine landslide deposits. The characteristics of the multiple failure scarps indicate retrogressive failure of the submarine landslides. We suggest that the submarine landslides developed on the northern slope of the Xisha Trough Basin have finally been captured by the Central Canyon. We determined that the emptying of sediments at the end of the northern slope of the Xisha Trough Basin caused by the development of the Central Canyon caused the end of the northern slope of the Xisha Trough Basin to lose support, which may have affected the slope stability and could have even played a role in the initiation of submarine landslides. Consequently, the slope area along the Central Canyon may be susceptible to slope instability and slope failure processes.

关键词： Submarine landslides Submarine canyons Retrogressive failure Xisha Trough Basin South China Sea

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天然气水合物开发数值模拟器研究进展及发展趋势

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石油学报 2021年第11期42卷 1516-1530页

作者：卢海龙尚世龙陈雪君秦绪文古利娟邱海峻北京大学地球与空间科学学院北京天然气水合物国际研究中心北京100871 北京大学工学院北京100871 中国地质调查局广州海洋地质调查局广东广州510075

天然气水合物是极具前景的可接替能源,是当前能源领域研究的热点之一。2017年中国已将天然气水合物列为第173号矿种,并制定了长远规划研发开发技术。天然气水合物的开发是一个涉及温度场、渗流场、应力场及化学场等的多场耦合问题,数值... 详细信息

天然气水合物是极具前景的可接替能源,是当前能源领域研究的热点之一。2017年中国已将天然气水合物列为第173号矿种,并制定了长远规划研发开发技术。天然气水合物的开发是一个涉及温度场、渗流场、应力场及化学场等的多场耦合问题,数值模拟是研究该类问题的重要手段。在简要概述天然气水合物藏的分类、开发方法及全球已开展的天然气水合物试采情况的基础上,系统总结了当前使用的主要天然气水合物数值模拟器及其发展脉络,并对各模拟器的特点进行了讨论对比;尤其重点介绍了使用最广泛的研究型模拟器TOUGH+HYDRATE系列程序。最后讨论了水合物模拟中存在的问题及发展方向,认为水合物藏精细描述、基础模型及参数获取、储层应力特征以及模拟结果可视化等是未来发展的重要方向。

关键词：天然气水合物数值模拟模拟器多场耦合 TOUGH+HYDRATE

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