Carbon nitride films were deposited on Si(100) single-crystalline wafers by reactive radio frequency magnetron sputtering. The structures, compositions, and chemical bonding states of the obtained films were investiga...
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Carbon nitride films were deposited on Si(100) single-crystalline wafers by reactive radio frequency magnetron sputtering. The structures, compositions, and chemical bonding states of the obtained films were investigated systematically. X-ray diffraction suggested the prepared films had amorphous structures. Infrared transmittance spectra indicated the carbon and nitrogen atoms incorporated with chemical bonds, including CN single bonds. Multiple beam interference (MBI) was observed in the infrared spectra, which was proved by scanning electron microscope analyses. The refraction indices of the films were about 1.9 based on the calculation of MBI. X-ray photoelectron spectra reinforced the suggestion that there existed single bonds between carbon and nitrogen atoms, and also showed the atomic ratio of N to C was approximately 0.45.
The pulsed magnetic field induced martensitic transformation with isothermal and athermal kinetics in Fe-2Ni-4Mn(wt-%)alloy has been studied by means of magnetization measurements,optical microscopy and thermodymical ...
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The pulsed magnetic field induced martensitic transformation with isothermal and athermal kinetics in Fe-2Ni-4Mn(wt-%)alloy has been studied by means of magnetization measurements,optical microscopy and thermodymical *** is shown that there exits a critical magnetic intensity for induing martensitic transformation at a given temperature above *** critical magnetic field increases linearly with increasing ΔT= T-M_*** magnetic field strongly promotes the athermal martensitic transforamtion and restrains the isothermal *** entropy change ΔS for athermal transformation at Ms is 4.13 J/mol· *** effect of magnetic field on martensitic transformation in Fe-21Ni-4Mn alloy is main- ly due to Zeeman ***,plate and butterfly martensities were observed under magnetic field.
Magnetic field-induced martensitic transformation in Fe-21Ni-4Mn(wt-%) alloy with isothermal and athermal martensite transformation kinetics was studied by adopting magnetism measurement, optical microscopy and a puls...
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Magnetic field-induced martensitic transformation in Fe-21Ni-4Mn(wt-%) alloy with isothermal and athermal martensite transformation kinetics was studied by adopting magnetism measurement, optical microscopy and a pulsed ultrahigh magnetic field. The following results were found: a magnetic field higher than a critical one is needed to induce the martensitic transformation above Ms. The critical magnetic field increases with increasing temperature, and when plotted against the temperature difference from Ms, it lies on a straight line not passing through the origin. this result and thermodynamic analysis suggest that pulsed magnetic field strongly promotes the athermal martensitic transformation and restrains the isothermal one. The amount of magnetic field-induced martensites increases linearly with the maximum strength of pulsed magnetic field. Lath, plate and butterfly martensites are formed under magnetic field.
A mathematical model for describing the start-up period of a plate distillation column operating under total reflux is presented. Based on the differential-difference equation expressing the material balance on the tr...
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A mathematical model for describing the start-up period of a plate distillation column operating under total reflux is presented. Based on the differential-difference equation expressing the material balance on the trays in a complete column with holdups in the reboiler, trays and condenser, the present model is derived and an analytical solution is obtained. The existence of a constant concentration point during the start-up period is proved mathematically. Experimental work on start-up period is carried out in a seven sieve tray distillation column of 0. 17 meter in diameter with a water-acetic acid system. Good agreement is found between the experimental data and the calculated results. The experimental results also show the evidence of a constant concentration point in the column during start-up period.
Using a high pulsed magnetic field system up to 200kOe,we have investigated the magnetic properties of (Nd_(1-x)Tb_(x))_(16.7)Fe_(75.5)B_(7.8)(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.2,0.4)at a temperature range *** results show that the spin...
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Using a high pulsed magnetic field system up to 200kOe,we have investigated the magnetic properties of (Nd_(1-x)Tb_(x))_(16.7)Fe_(75.5)B_(7.8)(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.2,0.4)at a temperature range *** results show that the spin reorientation temperature Ts decreases with the increase of x.
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