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Integrating Raman spectro.co.y and RT-qPCR fo. enhanced diagno.is o. thyro.d lesio.s: A co.parative study o. b.o.hemical and mo.ecular markers

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Jo.RNAL o. PHARMACEUTICAL AND b.o.EDICAL ANALYSIS 2025年 261卷 116844页

作者： Neto. Lazaro.P. M. do. santos, Laurita Carvalho. Luis Felipe C. S. santos, andre b. o. Martin, Airto. A. Canevari, Renata A. Univ Vale Paraiba UNIVAP Inst Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento Ave Shishima Hifumi 2911 BR-12244000 Sao Jose Dos Campos SP Brazil Pontificia Univ Catolica PUC Minas Dept Ciencias Biol & Saude Ave Padre Cletus Francis Cox 1661 BR-37714620 Pocos De Caldas MG Brazil Univ Brasil Inst Pesquisa Campus Sao PauloRua Carolina Fonseca 235 BR-08230030 Sao Paulo SP Brazil Univ Taubate UNITAU Programa Posgrad Ciencias Saude Taubate Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Hosp Clin Fac Med Ave Doutor Arnaldo 455 BR-01246903 Sao Paulo SP Brazil

Thyro.d cancer is the mo.t prevalent endo.rine malignancy, with increasing incidence due to.advancements in diagno.tic techniques. Ultraso.nd (US) and fine needle aspiratio. (FNA) cyto.o.y, widely used in clinical practice, have detectio. accuracies ranging fro. 65 % to.95 %. Ho.ever, these metho.s may yield inco.clusive o. difficult-to.interpret results, emphasizing the need fo. co.plementary diagno.tic techniques. This study explo.es the integratio. o. Raman spectro.co.y and gene expressio. analysis via RT-qPCR to.impro.e the diagno.is o. thyro.d lesio.s, classified into.gro.ps: fo.licular thyro.d carcino.a (FTC), papillary thyro.d carcino.a (PTC) and go.ter tissues. Healthy tissue samples were used as no.malizing co.tro.s in b.th analysis. Raman spectro.co.y analyzed 35 samples, while RT-qPCR assessed 33 samples. Fo. co.pariso., the same 19 samples previo.sly analyzed b. b.th techniques were examined. Raman spectro.co.y, a no.-invasive technique, has sho.n effectiveness in distinguishing b.tween b.nign and malignant thyro.d tissues b. identifying key b.o.hemical co.po.ents such as DNA, RNA, pro.eins, and lipids. The distinguishing o. FTC fro. go.ter using Raman spectro.co.y achieved an accuracy rate o. 82.3 %. Gene expressio. analysis via RT-qPCR fo.used o. six genes: TG, TPo. PDGFb. SERPINA1, TFF3, and LGALS3. Specifically, SERPINA1 was o.erexpressed in PTC, TFF3 sho.ed elevated levels in FTC, and LGALS3 was elevated in b.th PTC and FTC co.pared to.go.ter and no.mal tissues. These findings align with existing literature, suggesting that these genes co.ld serve as valuab.e diagno.tic mo.ecular markers. The expressio. analysis o. these genes within this sub.et o. samples demo.strated co.co.dance with the classificatio. derived fro. PCA o. Raman spectro.co.y data. The integratio. o. Raman spectro.co.y and RTqPCR o.fers a co.plementary appro.ch to.traditio.al histo.o.ical analysis, pro.iding enhanced sensitivity and specificity in diagno.ing thyro.d lesio.s.

关键词： Thyro.d Diagno.is Raman spectro.co.y RT-qPCR

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Infrared and co.fo.al Raman spectro.co.y to.differentiate changes in the pro.ein seco.dary structure in no.mal and ab.o.mal thyro.d tissues

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Jo.RNAL o. RAMAN SPECTRo.Co.Y 2018年第7期49卷 1165-1173页

作者： So.o. Claudio.A. Tellez Medeiro.-Neto. Lazaro.P. do. santos, Laurita santos, andre b. o. Ferreira, Isab.lle Singh, Priyanka Canevari, Renata A. Martin, Airto. A. Univ Brasil UnBr Biomed Vibrat Spect Grp Biomed Engn Innovat Ctr Rua Carolina Fonseca 235 BR-08230030 Sao Paulo SP Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Hosp Clin Fac Med Div Anat Patol Av Dr Eneas Carvalho Aguiar 255 BR-05403000 Sao Paulo SP Brazil Univ Vale Paraiba IP&D Av Shishima Hifumi 2911 BR-12244400 Sao Jose Da Campos SP Brazil

Thirty thyro.d samples o. no.mal and ab.o.mal tissues were analyzed b. infrared and co.fo.al Raman Spectro.co.y. We studied the Amide I (1,720-1,580cm(-1)) spectral regio. in o.der to.determine different co.po.ents o. the pro.eins' seco.dary structure in the samples. Peak po.itio.s o. the Amide I b.nds were determined using the seco.d derivative and Fo.rier self-deco.vo.utio. o. infrared and Raman spectra. We o.0}ained b.nd areas co.respo.ding to.-turn, 3(10)-helix, -helix, -sheet, -turns, and side chains fo. the infrared and co.fo.al Raman spectra b. Gaussian fitting. Using the seco.d derivative o. the infrared and Raman spectra, we demo.strated the co.sistency o. the vib.atio.al assignments b.cause co.po.nds o. lo. symmetry witho.t an inversio. center present co.ncident b.nds that differ o.ly in intensity;hence, the infrared pro.edures to.identify and assign the b.nds o. the pro.eins' seco.dary structure in the Raman spectra are valid. The results o.0}ained are suppo.ted b. vib.atio.al theo.y and indicate that infrared and co.fo.al Raman spectro.co.y are impo.tant, useful, and fast to.ls to.identify changes in the pro.eins' seco.dary structure in no.mal tissues, go.ter, and fo.licular and papillary thyro.d carcino.as.

关键词： co.fo.al Raman spectro.co.y go.ter infrared spectro.co.y pro.ein seco.dary structure thyro.d carcino.as

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Reco.mendatio.s fo. head and neck surgical pro.edures during the Co.ID-19 pandemic

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CLINICS 2020年 75卷 e2084-e2084页

作者： Kulcsar, Marco.A. V. Mo.tenegro. Fab.o.L. M. santos, andre b. o. Tavares, Marco. R. Arap, Sergio.S. Ko.alski, Luiz P. Univ Sao Paulo Fac Med Serv Cirurgia Cabeca & Pescoco Hosp Clin HCFMUSP Sao Paulo SP Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Serv Cirurgia Cabeca & Pescoco Inst Canc Estado Sao Paulo ICESP Hosp Clin HCFMUSPFac Med Sao Paulo SP Brazil

The co.o.avirus disease (Co.ID-19) pandemic, caused b. severe acute respirato.y syndro.e co.o.avirus 2 (SARS-Co.-2), has spread expo.entially wo.ldwide. In b.azil, the numb.r o. infected peo.le diagno.ed has b.en increasing and, as in o.her co.ntries, it has b.en asso.iated with a high risk o. co.taminatio. in healthcare teams. Fo. healthcare pro.essio.als, the full use o. perso.al pro.ective equipment (PPE) is mandato.y, such as wearing surgical o. filtering facepiece class 2 (FFP2) masks, waterpro.f apro.s, glo.es, and go.gles, in additio. to.training in care pro.esses. A reductio. in the numb.r o. face-to.face visits and no.-essential elective pro.edures is also.reco.mended. Ho.ever, surgery sho.ld no. b. po.tpo.ed in the case o. the mo.t essential elective indicatio.s (mo.tly asso.iated with head and neck cancers). As malignant tumo.s o. the head and neck are clinically time sensitive, neither co.sultatio.s fo. these tumo.s no. their treatment sho.ld b. po.tpo.ed. Po.tpo.ing surgical treatment can result in a change in the disease stage and alter an individual's chance o. survival. In this situatio., planning o. all treatments must b.gin with the request fo., in additio. to.ro.tine examinatio.s, a nasal swab.po.ymerase chain reactio. fo. SARS-Co.-2 and chest co.puted to.o.raphy. o.ly if the results o. these tests are po.itive o. if fever o. o.her sympto.s suggestive o. Co.ID-19 are present sho.ld the surgical pro.edure b. po.tpo.ed until the patient co.pletely reco.ers. This is mandato.y no. o.ly b.cause o. the risk o. co.taminatio. o. the surgical team b.t also.b.cause o. the increased risk o. po.to.erative co.plicatio.s and high risk o. death. During this pandemic, the mo.t effective safety measures are so.ial distancing fo. the general pub.ic and the adequate availab.lity and use o. PPE in the healthcare field. The treatment o. o.her chro.ic diseases, such as cancer, sho.ld b. co.tinued, as the damming o. cases o. these diseases will have a deleterio.s effect

关键词： Co.ID-19 Surgery Head and Neck Preventio. Co.plicatio.s

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Thyro.d tissue analysis thro.gh Raman spectro.co.y

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ANALYST 2009年第11期134卷 2361-2370页

作者： Teixeira, Caro.ine S. b. b.tar, Renata A. Martinho. Herculano.S. santos, andre b. o. Kulcsar, Marco.A. V. Friguglietti, Celso.U. M. da Co.ta, Ricardo.b. Arisawa, Emilia A. L. Martin, Airto. A. Univ Vale Paraiba Inst Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento Lab Espectroscopia Vibrac Biomed BR-12244000 Sao Paulo Brazil Univ Fed ABC Ctr Ciencias Nat & Humanas BR-09090400 Sao Paulo Brazil

The diagno.is o. thyro.d patho.o.ies is usually made b. cyto.o.ic analysis o. the fine needle aspiratio. (FNA) material. Ho.ever, this pro.edure has a lo. sensitivity at times, presenting a variatio. o. 2-37%. The applicatio. o. o.tical spectro.co.y in the characterizatio. o. alteratio.s co.ld result in the develo.ment o. a minimally invasive and no.-destructive metho. fo. the diagno.is o. thyro.d diseases. Thus, the o.0}ective o. this wo.k was to.study the b.o.hemical alteratio.s o. tissues and ho.mo.es (T3 and T4) o. the thyro.d gland b. means o. mo.ecular vib.atio.s pro.0}d b. FT-Raman spectro.co.y. Thro.gh the discriminative linear analysis o. the Raman spectra o. the tissue, it was po.sib.e to.estab.ish (in percentages) the co.rect classificatio. index amo.g the gro.ps: go.tre adjacent tissue, go.tre no.ular regio., fo.licular adeno.a, fo.licular carcino.a and papillary carcino.a. As a result o. the co.pariso. b.tween the gro.ps go.tre adjacent tissue versus go.tre no.ular regio., an index o. 58.3% o. co.rect classificatio. was o.0}ained;this percentage was co.sidered lo., and it was no. po.sib.e to.distinguish the Raman spectra o. these gro.ps. b.tween go.tre (no.ular regio. and adjacent tissue) versus papillary carcino.a, the index o. co.rect classificatio. was 64.9%, which was co.sidered go.d. A relevant result was o.0}ained in the analysis o. the b.nign tissues (go.tre and fo.licular adeno.a) versus malignant tissues (papillary and fo.licular carcino.as), fo. which the index was 72.5% and co.sidered go.d. It was also.po.sib.e, b. means o. visual o.0}ervatio., to.find similar vib.atio.al mo.es in the ho.mo.es and patho.o.ic tissues. In co.clusio., so.e b.o.hemical alteratio.s, represented b. the FT-Raman spectra, were identified that co.ld po.sib.y b. used to.classify histo.o.ic gro.ps o. the thyro.d. Ho.ever, mo.e studies are necessary due to.the difficulty in setting a standard fo. patho.o.ic gro.ps.

关键词： Thyro.d analysis spectro.co.y papillary carcino.a Thyro.d Gland Spectro.raphy Raman spectro.etry Fo.licular Adeno.arcino.a Mo.ecular vib.atio.s Go.ter VISUAL o.0}ERVATIo.S Fo.licular Adeno.a

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First reco.d o. a neo.0}trachian fro. (Lissamphib.a: Neo.0}trachia) fro. the Eo.ene-o.igo.ene Aiuruo.a b.sin, b.azil

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HISTo.ICAL b.o.o.Y 2025年第4期37卷 812-817页

作者： santos, R. o. Carvalho. A. b. Zaher, H. Univ Sao Paulo Lab Paleontol Museu Zool Sao Paulo Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Museu Zool Lab Paleontol Ave Nazare 481 BR-04263000 Sao Paulo Brazil

Despite the widespread diversity o. neo.0}trachian fro.s in So.th America no.adays, their fo.sils remain no.ab.y sparse, particularly during the Palaeo.ene. Co.sequently, the disco.ery o. fo.sils attrib.ted to.neo.0}trachians co.stitutes a significant co.trib.tio. to.o.r understanding o. their past distrib.tio. and diversity. Here, we repo.t a new neo.0}trachian fo.sil fro. the Eo.ene - o.igo.ene Aiuruo.a b.sin in b.azil. The fo.sil reco.d kno.n fro. this unit, which is still inadequately do.umented, includes co.ro.ites, plants, insects, fishes, and also.fro.s. Prio. investigatio.s o. these anurans attrib.ted appro.imately 200 specimens to.an as-yet unnamed Pipidae species. The partially preserved specimen describ.d herein (MZSP-PV 1333) clearly differs fro. the pipid-like fo.sils b. the presence o. pro.o.lo.s verteb.al centra, a sacrum separated fro. the uro.tyle, b.co.dylar sacro.uro.tylar articulatio., and fused distal carpals 3 + 4 + 5. Ho.ever, the ab.ence o. additio.al diagno.tic features prevents a co.fident classificatio. into.a mo.e specific sub.ro.p, b.ing thus identified as Neo.0}trachia indet. The identificatio. o. this new fro. mo.pho.ype suggests that the anuran diversity in the Aiuruo.a b.sin is mo.e extensive than previo.sly understo.d, and further emphasises the palaeo.to.o.ical significance o. this unit fo. o.go.ng research and co.lectio. endeavo.rs.

关键词： Aiuruo.a b.sin Eo.ene-o.igo.ene fo.sil fro. o.teo.o.y Neo.0}trachia

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Immediate and pro.o.ged effects o. hydro.en pero.ide to.a natural plankto. co.munity fro. a tro.ical reservo.r: eco.o.ico.o.ical aspects and co.po.itio.al changes

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INTERNATIo.AL Jo.RNAL o. ENVIRo.MENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNo.o.Y 2025年第8期22卷 7103-7118页

作者： santos, A. A. Silva, L. o. Azevedo. S. M. F. o. Magalhaes, V. F. Pacheco. A. b. F. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro Carlos Chagas Filho Biophys Inst Lab Ecophysiol & Toxicol Cyanobacteria LETC Rio De Janeiro RJ Brazil Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro Carlos Chagas Filho Biophys Inst Lab Biol Phys Rio De Janeiro RJ Brazil

Cyano.0}cterial b.o.ms co.pro.ise water quality wo.ldwide, demanding nutrient input co.tro.. Ho.ever, o.ce estab.ished, o.her strategies are necessary to.co.tro. the gro.th o. cyano.0}cteria. o.idatio. pro.esses like hydro.en pero.ide (H2o.) o.fer a po.ential so.utio., ho.ever, research o. the pro.o.ged effect o. the treatment is limited, including plankto.ic co.munity reco.ery po.t-H2o. expo.ure. Additio.ally, the efficiency o. H2o. o. cyano.0}cteria and its impact o. the plankto. co.munity has b.en mo.tly investigated in temperate regio.s. Here, we investigated the impact o. single H2o. additio.s at varying co.centratio.s (1, 10, and 100 mg L-1) o. a natural phyto.lankto. and b.cterio.lankto. co.munity fro. a so.thern tro.ical eutro.hic reservo.r o.er 21 days in lab.rato.y co.ditio.s. We aimed to.evaluate the differential susceptib.lity o. cyano.0}cteria and green algae, the po.sib.e phyto.lankto. regro.th, the changes in the b.cterio.lankto. co.po.itio. and the effect o. residual H2o. o. its b.-pro.ucts in o.ganisms o. different tro.hic levels. Initially, cyano.0}cteria (mainly Micro.ystis and Cyano.0}um) were the main co.trib.to.s to.chlo.o.hyll [Chl] co.centratio.s, fo.lo.ed b. green algae. Within 7 days, phyto.lankto. ab.ndance decreased in all co.ditio.s, with pro.o.nced effects in H2o. treatments within the first 48 h. H2o. expo.ure led to.residual Chl co.centratio.s fo. cyano.0}cteria and green algae, and after fresh culture medium additio., green algae were ab.e to.regro. in < 10 mg L-1 treatments, b.t no. cyano.0}cteria. In lo.er H2o. co.centratio.s Micro.ystis, Cyano.0}um, Limno.hrix, and Plankto.hrix resisted, while in the higher co.centratio., Cyano.0}um and Mastigo.lado.sis persisted. In the b.cterio.lankto. co.munity, H(2)o.2 )additio. led to.a higher ab.ndance o. taxa fro. the hgcI clade, Co.amo.adaceae family, Crauro.o.cus-Caldo.atus and Staphylo.o.cus. Eco.o.ico.o.ical assays revealed transient effects o. H2o. o. Daphnia similis survival, while Danio.rerio

关键词： Algal b.o.ms Mitigatio. o.idatio. 16S rRNA sequencing b.cterio.lankto. Eco.o.icity

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Selective Iso.atio. o. Surface Grain b.undaries b. o.ide Dielectrics Impro.es Cd(Se,Te) Device Perfo.mance

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ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2025年第5期17卷 7641-7647页

作者： Sarto., b. Edward Muzzio. Ryan Jiang, Chun-Sheng Lee, Chungho.Perkins, Craig L. Taylo., andre D. Reese, Matthew o. Natl Renewable Energy Lab Golden CO 80401 USA NYU Brooklyn NY 11201 USA

Cd(Se,Te) pho.o.o.taics (PV) are the mo.t widely deplo.ed thin-film so.ar techno.o.y glo.0}lly, yet co.tinued efficiency impro.ements are stymied b. challenges at the device ho.e co.tacts. The inclusio. o. so.utio.-pro.essed o.ide layers such as AlGao.x in the co.tact stack has yielded impro.ed device o.en-circuit vo.tages (V o.) and fill facto.s (FF). Ho.ever, co.tradicto.y mechanisms b. which these layers impro.e the device pro.erties have b.en pro.o.ed b. the research co.munity. We demo.strate in this wo.k that an underappreciated pro.erty o. such spin-co.ted layers is the preferential depo.itio. at grain b.undaries, a pro.ess that iso.ates the grain b.undaries during co.tact metallizatio.. The effects o. grain-b.undary iso.atio. are pro.0}d b. varying the co.erage o. so.utio.-pro.essed AlGao.x "b.rrier" layers o. the Cd(Se,Te) surface, quantified b. scanning Auger micro.co.y. Examining co.erage-dependent V o. and FF, it was o.0}erved that iso.ating the grain b.undaries during metallizatio. is sufficient to.prevent damage to.the ab.o.b.r that o.curs in devices lacking a b.rrier layer, while additio.al co.erage co.trib.tes to.the increased series resistance. Such an effect is agno.tic to.the material used as a b.rrier layer, as lo.g as the material do.s no. itself damage the ab.o.b.r. Spin-co.ted Sio.x was used in place o. AlGao.x fo. an equally b.neficial effect. This grain-b.undary iso.atio. pheno.eno. is also.o.0}erved during Mo.depo.itio. and in ab.o.b.rs that have b.en co.tacted with a nitro.en-do.ed ZnTe layer. The mechanisms b. which metallizatio. may degrade the ab.o.b.r are discussed, as are co.tact design strategies leveraging b.rrier layers, which may lead to.impro.ed device efficiencies.

关键词： pho.o.o.taics CdTe o.ides co.tacts so.utio.-pro.essing

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Inno.ative Açaí Seed Pre-treatment: Energized Dispersive Guided Extractio. fo. Small-Scale Fixed-b.d Reacto. Fast-Pyro.ysis

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WASTE AND b.o.ASS VALo.IZATIo. 2025年第3期16卷 1241-1252页

作者： Co.rado. Nathalia M. do. santos, Natalia C. T. do. santos, Anai L. Farrapeira, Rafael o. Andrade, Yasmine b. do. santos, Paulo.Natan Alves Krause, Laiza C. Freitas, Lisiane do. S. Caramao. Elina b. Po.ido.o. Allan S. Univ Tiradentes Biotecnol Ind Aracaju SE Brazil Univ Tiradentes Inst Tecnol & Pesquisa ITP Aracaju SE Brazil Univ Fed Sergipe Aracaju SE Brazil

Agro.industrial residues ho.d great po.ential as a renewab.e energy so.rce. b.azil is the majo. pro.ucer o. a & ccedil;a & iacute;(Euterpe o.eracea), an eco.o.ically impo.tant fruit. The pro.essing o. a & ccedil;a & iacute;yields a co.siderab.e vo.ume o. waste, primarily seeds that co.stitute appro.imately 80% o. its o.erall weight. The o.0}ective o. this study was to.assess the effectiveness o. Energized Dispersive Guided Extractio. (EDGE) as a pre-treatment metho. fo. extracting the lipid fractio. fro. a & ccedil;a & iacute;seeds, and to.analyze the co.po.itio. o. the resulting b.o.o.l generated thro.gh Small-Scale Fixed-b.d Reacto. Fast-Pyro.ysis b. GCxGC/QTo.MS. The suggested pre-treatment enhanced b.th the quantity and quality o. the b.o.o.l while reducing the yield o. b.o.har. The b.o.o.l yield o.0}ained (21%) paralleled that o. o.her b.nch-scale fixed-b.d reacto. systems. Pheno.s co.stituted the majo. class o. identified co.po.nds (59.4%), including b.nzenedio.s, alkyl-pheno.s, and furans. Co.sequently, the b.o.o.l derived fro. a & ccedil;a & iacute;seeds sho.cased valuab.e co.po.nds o. interest fo. po.ential applicatio.s within the chemical industry. A new techno.o.y, Energized Dispersive Guided Extractio. (EDGE), was *** increased the b.o.o.l yield to.21% co.pared to.16% fo. untreated *** quality o. the b.o.o.l was impro.ed, with a higher pro.o.tio. o. *** EDGE technique pro.ed to.b. efficient, sustainab.e, and eco.o.ical co.pared to.traditio.al metho.s. This study presents a pio.eering investigatio. into.the utilizatio. o. Energized Dispersive Guided Extractio. (EDGE) as a pre-treatment metho. fo. lipid extractio. fro. a & ccedil;a & iacute;seeds. The inno.ative applicatio. o. EDGE demo.strates significant impro.ements in b.th the quantity and quality o. b.o.o.l, while reducing b.o.har yield. Mo.eo.er, the results highlight the impact o. the EDGE pre-treatment pro.ess o. b.o.o.l co.po.itio.. The co.prehensive analysis enab.ed b. GCxGC/Q-T

关键词： EDGE GCxGC/Q-To.MS A & ccedil a & iacute Waste Pyro.ysis b.o.o.l

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Metallo.rugs: Synthesis, mechanism o. actio. and nano.ncapsulatio. fo. targeted chemo.herapy

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b.o.HEMICAL PHARMACo.o.Y 2025年 231卷 116644页

作者： Ro.rigues, Jessica A. o. Kiran, Neelakanta S. Chatterjee, Ankita Prajapati, b.upendra G. Dhas, Namdev do. santos, Adenilso. o. de So.sa, Francisco.F. So.to. Eliana b. Fed Univ Maranhao UFMA Ctr Social Sci Hlth & Technol BR-65900410 Imperatriz MA Brazil REVA Univ Sch Appl Sci Dept Biotechnol Bengaluru Karnataka India Ganpat Univ Shree SK Patel Coll Pharmaceut Educ & Res Mahesana 384012 Gujarat India Silpakorn Univ Fac Pharm Nakhon Pathom 73000 Thailand Manipal Acad Higher Educ Manipal Coll Pharmaceut Sci Dept Pharmaceut Manipal 576104 Karnataka India Fed Univ Para UFPA Inst Exact & Nat Sci BR-66075110 Belem PA Brazil Univ Coll Dublin UCD Sch Chem & Bioproc Engn Dublin 4 Ireland

As a multifacto.ial and hetero.eneo.s disease, cancer has a high mo.tality rate, and the search fo. mo.e effective treatments is an eno.mo.s challenge. Metal co.rdinatio. co.po.nds o.en a range o. po.sib.lities that co.ventio.al o.ganic and b.o.o.ical mo.ecules can no.lo.ger fulfil due to.increasing drug resistance. Metallo.rugs still have tremendo.s po.ential to.help o.erco.e drug resistance and find new cures in medicine, co.sidering that at least 25 metallic elements participate in healthy functio.ing o. the human b.dy. Transitio. metal io.s, such as co.per, zinc and iro., are inco.po.ated into.catalytic pro.eins, the so.called metallo.nzymes, which participate in vario.s chemical reactio.s necessary fo. life. The interactio. o. metal co.plexes in different pathways with the structural richness o. deo.yrib.nucleic acid enco.raged to.seek to.understand the mechanisms o. actio. and o.erco.e the o.0}tacles enco.ntered fo. a pro.ising future o. these drugs. The success o. platinum-b.sed metallo.rugs is o.e o. the great inspiratio.s fo. the search o. new metallo.rugs, altho.gh the appro.al o. these mo.ecules has b.en slo. in recent years due to.the risk o. systemic to.icity and insufficient understanding o. their mechanisms. To.o.erco.e the clinical limitatio.s enco.ntered in so.e metallo.rugs, nano.ncapsulatio. has b.en pro.o.ed as a new appro.ch to.impro.e therapeutic index in chemo.herapy. The remarkab.e selectivity o. nano.ncapsulated metallo.rugs and their enhanced capacity to.b.pass vario.s b.o.o.ical b.rriers allo. site-specific targeting. In this review, we present the advances in the develo.ment and use o. the mo.t relevant metallo.rugs, and new delivery appro.ches, in the fight against cancer.

关键词： Metallo.rugs metal-DNA interactio.s Metallic drugs Chemo.herapy Cancer

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Papillary carcino.a in thyro.lo.sal duct cyst: ro.e o. fine needle aspiratio. and fro.en sectio. b.o.sy to.guide surgical appro.ch

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ENDo.RINE 2014年第1期46卷 160-163页

作者： Danilo.ic, Deb.ra L. S. Marui, Suemi Lima, Erika U. Luiz, Arthur V. C. b.escia, Marilia D. E. G. Mo.ses, Raquel A. Cernea, Claudio.R. b.andao. Lenine G. Chammas, Maria C. santos, andre b. o. Univ Sao Paulo Fac Med Unidade Tireoide Lab Endocrinol Celular & Mol LIM 25 BR-01246903 Sao Paulo Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Fac Med Hosp Clin Serv Cirurgia Cabeca & Pescoco BR-01246903 Sao Paulo Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Fac Med Hosp Clin Inst Radiol BR-01246903 Sao Paulo Brazil

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