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Development and validation of prediction models for nosocomial infection and prognosis in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis

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ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL 2024年第1期13卷 85页

作者： li, shuwen Zhang, Yu lin, Yushi Zheng, Luyan Fang, Kailu Wu, Jie Zhejiang Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Collaborat Innovat Ctr Diag & Treatment Infect Dis State Key Lab Diag & Treatment Infect DisSch Med Hangzhou 310003 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Affiliated Hosp 2 Sch Med Dept Infect Dis Hangzhou Peoples R China

Background Nosocomial infections (NIs) frequently occur and adversely impact prognosis for hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. This study aims to develop and validate two machine learning models for NIs and in-hospital mortality risk prediction. Methods The Prediction of Nosocomial Infection and Prognosis in Cirrhotic patients (PIPC) study included hospitalized patients with cirrhosis at the Qingchun Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University. We then assessed several machine learning algorithms to construct predictive models for NIs and prognosis. We validated the best-performing models with bootstrapping techniques and an external validation dataset. The accuracy of the predictions was evaluated through sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratios, while predictive robustness was examined through subgroup analyses and comparisons between models. Results We enrolled 1,297 patients into derivation cohort and 496 patients into external validation cohort. Among the six algorithms assessed, the Random Forest algorithm performed best. For NIs, the PIPC-NI model achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.784 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.741-0.826), a sensitivity of 0.712, and a specificity of 0.702. For in-hospital mortality, the PIPC- mortality model achieved an AUC of 0.793 (95% CI 0.749-0.836), a sensitivity of 0.769, and a specificity of 0.701. Moreover, our PIPC models demonstrated superior predictive performance compared to the existing MELD, MELD-Na, and Child-Pugh scores. Conclusions The PIPC models showed good predictive power and may facilitate healthcare providers in easily assessing the risk of NIs and prognosis among hospitalized patients with cirrhosis.

关键词： Nosocomial infection Cirrhosis Machine learning In-hospital mortality

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Three kinds of active thin-layer capping materials for reducing the phosphorus load in eutrophic water body: comparison in dynamic experiment

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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022年第11期29卷 16427-16435页

作者： Wang, Yichao li, shuwen liu, Shupo li, Fei Zhou, Zhenming Huaqiao Univ Coll Civil Engn Xiamen 361021 Peoples R China

In this article, dynamic simulation experiments have studied the effects of three capping materials, quartz sand (QS), aluminum-based phosphorus-locking agent (Al-PIA), and lanthanum-modified bentonite (LMB) in reducing phosphorus load in eutrophic water bodies. The changes of various forms of phosphorus in Al-PIA and sediment before and after the test were analyzed, and the mechanism of phosphorus migration and transformation in different capping systems was described. The dynamic simulation test lasted 95 days. The results showed that when the initial concentration of total phosphorus (TP) was 3.55 mg/L, the capping strength was 2 kg/m(2) and the hydraulic retention time of water circulation was 0.5 days, indicating that the average reduction rates of TP by LMB, Al-PIA and QS systems were 74.66%, 69.54%, and 3.64%, respectively, compared with the control system. The analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the TP concentration of the overlying water between the LMB, Al-PIA capping system, and the control system. Lanthanum ions in LMB can fix phosphorus. Al-PIA reduces the phosphorus concentration in water by means of ion exchange, adsorption, complexation, etc. LMB and Al-PIA promoted the migration of phosphorus in sediment. Among them, the phosphorus fixed by Al-PIA was mainly in the form of non-apatite inorganic phosphorus (NAIP) in inorganic phosphorus (IP), which can be seen;Al-PIA can effectively reduce the phosphorus load of eutrophic water.

关键词： Eutrophic water Sediment Dynamic simulation Al-PIA Thin-layer capping Phosphorus

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Analytical Solution of the Stress Intensity Factors of Multiple Closed Collinear Cracks

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JOURNAL OF VIBRATION ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGIES 2023年第8期11卷 3737-3745页

作者： Peng, Shaochi Jing, Laiwang li, shuwen Wu, Di Jing, Wei Anhui Univ Sci & Technol Sch Civil Engn & Architecture Huainan 232001 Peoples R China

Purpose According to the interaction between multiple cracks, a method for calculating the stress intensity factors of multiple closed collinear cracks in an infinite plate is proposed. In addition, the effects of the crack angle, crack length, crack spacing, lateral pressure coefficient and crack surface friction coefficient on the stress intensity factors are analyzed. Method The integral equation of the stress intensity factors is derived by the superposition principle, and the approximate solution of the integral equation is derived by the Chebyshev polynomial. The results obtained are compared with the finite element solutions of the same problem and the solutions of other scholars to verify the correctness of the equation. Results The results show that the intensity factor solution obtained by the proposed method is in good agreement with the finite element solution and other scholars' solutions. A larger crack length, smaller crack spacing, smaller friction coefficient and smaller lateral pressure coefficient can produce larger stress intensity factors, and the stress intensity factors are maximized when the crack angle is 45 degrees. Conclusions It is proved that the method based on the initial solution and superposition principle can be effectively applied to the calculation of the stress intensity factors of multiple collinear cracks.

关键词： Closed crack Stress intensity factors Collinear crack Superposition principle Chebyshev polynomial

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Universal screening and treatment towards the elimination of chronic hepatitis C in China: an economic evaluation

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PUBliC HEALTH 2024年 228卷 186-193页

作者： Fang, Kailu Wang, Hong-liang lin, Yushi Zheng, Luyan li, shuwen Wu, Jie Zhejiang Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Coll Med Natl Clin Res Ctr Infect DisCollaborat Innovat Ct Hangzhou 310003 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Hepatobiliary & Pancreat Intervent Treatment Ctr Coll MedDiv Hepatobiliary & Pancreat Surg Hangzhou 310003 Peoples R China

Objectives: China has the largest number of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the world, but current levels of diagnosis and treatment are low. The objective of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of various universal HCV screening and treatment strategies in China and inform decisions on health policy. Study design: A cost-effectiveness analytical study. Methods: We developed a Markov model to investigate cost-effectiveness of different HCV screening and treatment strategies in China. We simulated several screening scenarios for Chinese people aged 18-70 years. We estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of different intervention scenarios compared with status quo. Results: Expanded HCV screening and treatment strategy with prioritisation for high-risk groups (Scenario S5) was the most cost-effective strategy (ICER: USD $11,667.71/quality-adjusted life-year [QALY] gained), which resulted in great reduction in HCV-related diseases and deaths, with a 67.11% reduction in cases of chronic HCV. Universal HCV screening and treatment implementation remains a cost-effective strategy when delayed until 2025 (ICER: USD $17,093.69/QALY), yet the delayed strategy is less effective in reducing HCV-related deaths. Conclusions: Expanded HCV screening and treatment strategy with prioritisation for high-risk groups is the most cost-effective strategy and has lead to a significant reduction in both HCV morbidity and mortality in China, which would essentially eliminate HCV as a public threat. (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Royal Society for Public Health. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C Markov model Economic evaluation HCV elimination Screening and treatment

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Synergistic Effects of Lewis Acid-Base Pair Sites-Hf-MOFs with Functional Groups as Distinguished Catalysts for the Cycloaddition of Epoxides with CO2

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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2023年第9期62卷 3817-3826页

作者： Wang, lianlian Qiao, Wanzhen liu, Han li, shuwen Wu, Jie Hou, Hongwei Zhengzhou Univ Coll Chem Green Catalysis Ctr Zhengzhou 450001 Peoples R China

The incorporation of Lewis acid-base sites in catalysts has been considered as a significant approach to fabricating bifunctional catalysts with efficient catalytic activity for CO2 fixation. In this paper, a series of Hafnium-based metal- organic frameworks (Hf-MOFs), NU-912(Hf) and NU-912-X(Hf)-X (X = -NH2, -Br, -CN, and -I) derivatives assembled by Lewis acidic Hf6(mu 3-O)4(mu 3- OH)4(H2O)4(OH)4 (Hf6) clusters and Lewis base-attached organic linkers, are successfully synthesized by a facile ligand functionalization method. These isostructural Hf-MOFs, which exhibit diamond channels of 1.3 nm diameter, great chemical stability, and CO2 adsorption capacity, have been evaluated as catalysts for the CO2 cycloaddition reaction with epoxides. Catalytic experiments reveal that the micropore environments of these MOFs have an outstanding impact on catalytic activity. Remarkably, NU-912(Hf)-I serves as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for this catalytic reaction under mild conditions due to the high density of Lewis acid Hf6 cluster centers and strong Lewis base functional groups, surpassing most of the reported MOF-based catalysts.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Modeling the Impacts of Prevention and Treatment Interventions on Hepatitis C Among People Who Inject Drugs in China

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INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY 2023年第4期12卷 1043-1055页

作者： Fang, Kailu Wang, Hong-liang lin, Yushi li, shuwen Wu, Jie Zhejiang Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Natl Clin Res Ctr Infect Dis Coll MedState Key Lab Diag & Treatment Infect Dis Hangzhou 310003 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Hepatobiliary & Pancreat Intervent Treatment Ctr Coll MedDiv Hepatobiliary & Pancreat Surg Hangzhou 310003 Peoples R China

Plain Language SummaryChina has the largest number of people living with the hepatitis C virus. The prevalence of hepatitis C among people who inject drugs is high at 40-50%, significantly higher than the prevalence among other high-risk groups. Preventing the transmission of hepatitis C among people who inject drugs is essential to avoid future liver diseases. We used a mathematical model to evaluate the impacts of different intervention strategies on the incidence, prevalence and mortality of hepatitis C among people who inject drugs in China by 2030. We found that scaled-up hepatitis C screening and treatment integrated with harm reduction programs demonstrated the most substantial reduction in the burden of hepatitis C;specifically, the incidence of hepatitis C in 2030 is reduced by 81.42% and hepatitis-C-related deaths are reduced by 91.94%. Increasing harm reduction program coverage among people who inject drugs has a greater impact in terms of reducing the burden of hepatitis C virus compared with enhanced linkage to care or test frequency alone. Substantial improvements in both testing and treatment integrated with existing harm reduction programs are essential to achieve the goal of eliminating hepatitis C in China by 2030. IntroductionInjection drug use is the main transmission route of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in China. The prevalence of HCV remains high at 40-50% among people who inject drugs (PWID). We developed a mathematical model to predict the impacts of different HCV intervention strategies on the HCV burden in Chinese PWID by *** developed a dynamic deterministic mathematical model to simulate the transmission of HCV among PWID in China between 2016 and 2030, using domestic data based on the real cascade of HCV care. We considered various intervention scenarios, including treatment regimens, harm reduction program (HRP) coverage, enhanced testing and referral for *** incidence will exhibit a gradual but slow declining tr

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Harm reduction Modeling People who inject drugs China

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Ultrafine oxygenophilic nanoalloys induced by multifunctional interstitial boron for methanol oxidation reaction

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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE 2023年第PartB期629卷 482-491页

作者： Shu, Junhao Ma, Haojie Tang, Gangjun li, Ruxia Ma, Sizhuo Meng, Jianqi Yang, Honglei li, shuwen Lanzhou Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn State Key Lab Appl Organ Chem SKLAOC Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Peoples R China Yanan Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn Key Lab New Energy New Funct Mat Shaanxi Key Lab Chem React Engn Yanan 716000 Shaanxi Peoples R China

Interface construction is one of the most feasible approaches to optimize the physical and chemical properties of noble metal-based catalysts and consequently improve their catalytic performance. Herein, the design of effective reaction interfaces by bimetallic, trimetallic or polymetallic alloying has been extensively explored. In this research, metalloid boron (B) was alloyed within palladium-iridium (Pd-Ir) nanoalloy supported on nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) to promote the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in alkaline media. Being benefited from this, the optimum Pd7IrBx/NG catalyst exhibited enhanced EOR activity mass activity (1141.7 mA mg(-1)) and long-term stability (58.2 % current density retention rate after 500 cycles of cyclic voltammetry). The mechanism was further studied by electrochemical experiments and characterization, which highlighted that the multifunctional effect of electronic effect and strain effect and kinetic optimization induced by boron doping played a very positive role on MOR. (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Interface construction Metalloid boron Nitrogen-doped graphene Multifunctional effect Methanol oxidation reaction

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Locally Conformally Flat Doubly Twisted Product Complex Finsler Manifolds

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JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS 2022年第1期2022卷

作者： Xiao, Wei He, Yong li, shuwen Ni, Qihui Xinjiang Normal Univ Sch Math Sci Urumqi 830017 Peoples R China

Let M(1)x((lambda 1,lambda 2))M(2),F be a doubly twisted product manifold of two strongly pseudoconvex complex Finsler manifolds (M-1,F-1) and (M-2,F-2). In this study, we give a characterization of locally conformally flat doubly twisted product complex Finsler manifold. We also obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for a doubly twisted product of two locally conformally flat complex Finsler manifolds to be locally conformally flat.

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Controllable construction of graphitic carbon nitride with highly-ordered macropores for boosting photodegradation

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GREEN CHEMISTRY 2023年第20期25卷 8207-8215页

作者： li, Ruxia Fan, Xiaoxiang Meng, Jianqi Wu, Jie Zhao, Jinjuan Jin, Ruifa Yang, Honglei li, shuwen Lanzhou Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn State Key Lab Appl Organ Chem Gansu Prov Engn Lab Chem Catalysis Tianshui South Rd 222 Lanzhou 730000 Peoples R China Chifeng Univ Coll Chem & Life Sci Inner Mongolia Key Lab Photoelect Funct Mat Chifeng 024000 Peoples R China

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) has versatile applications in photocatalysis because of its structural merits, among which the photodegradation of organic pollutants is important. Nonetheless, the limited specific surface area (SSA) and sluggish mass transfer of g-CN restrict its photocatalytic activity. Herein, g-CN with highly ordered macropores (g-CN-HOM-50) was prepared through a harmless, facile and convenient strategy. The research results showed that highly-ordered macropores are greatly advantageous to the properties of the catalyst. The SSA of g-CN-HOM-50 increased to 2.5 times that of bulk g-CN (BCN) measured by nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis, the mass flow of single g-CN-HOM-50 was enhanced by 7.9% compared to BCN as confirmed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and the apparent rate constant (k) of the rhodamine B (RhB) degradation reaction improved to 3.5 times that of BCN. Moreover, it was found that the highly ordered macropores prominently affect the band structure and significantly improve the production of reactive oxygen species. This work provides a prospective catalyst for photocatalytic waste water purification and a strategy for the modification of g-CN. A prospective catalyst graphitic carbon nitride with highly-ordered macropores (g-CN-HOM-50) for photocatalytic waste water purification was prepared through a harmless, facile and convenient strategy for the first time.

关键词： Catalysts

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Precisely Designed Nitrogen-Doped Mesoporous Carbon Sphere-Confined Electron-Deficient Pd Nanoclusters with Enhanced Catalytic Hydrogenation Performance

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ACS CATALYSIS 2024年第11期14卷 8619-8630页

作者： Zhao, Huacheng liu, Chuang Zheng, Yi li, shuwen Gao, Yan Ma, Qihe Wang, Fushan Dong, Zhengping Lanzhou Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn State Key Lab Appl Organ Chem Lab Special Funct Mat & Struct DesignMinist Educ Lanzhou 730000 Peoples R China Petrochina Co Ltd Lanzhou Petrochem Co Lanzhou 730060 Peoples R China

The controlled fabrication of metal nanocluster-based catalysts with high catalytic performance and stability is currently a research hotspot, while it is still a research challenge. Herein, nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon spheres (CS-N) with a regular and open structure were precisely designed and prepared. Pd nanoclusters with an average size of 1.44 nm were highly dispersed and stably confined in the radial mesoporous structure of CS-N, forming Pd/CS-N catalysts. The obtained Pd/CS-N catalysts showed high catalytic performance in the hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanone and hydrogenation of benzoic acid to cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (yield of almost 99%) under mild reaction conditions, outperforming most reported Pd nanoparticle-based catalysts. Theoretical calculation illustrates that the Pd nanocluster exists as an electron-deficient state on Pd/CS-N, thus can efficiently facilitate reactant preadsorption and activation, and also reduce the Gibbs free energy of the rate-determining step of the hydrogenation reactions. Moreover, the Pd/CS-N catalyst exhibited good reusability and stability. Thus, this work will promote the precise construction of stable metal nanocluster-based catalysts, enabling highly efficient catalytic hydrogenation reactions.

关键词： Pd nanoclusters N-doped mesoporous carbonspheres hydrogenation phenol carboxylicacids

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