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Nano-Single-Atom Heterointerface Engineering for pH-Universal Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2024年第49期34卷

作者： Song, Jian Qian, Sheng-jie Yang, Wenqiang Mu, Jiali Li, Jingwei Liu, Yaping Sun, Fanfei yu, shuwen Xu, Feifei Song, Xiangen Deng, Dehui Wang, Yang-gang Yan, Li Ding, yunjie Chinese Acad Sci Dalian Inst Chem Phys Dalian Natl Lab Clean Energy Dalian 116023 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Southern Univ Sci & Technol Dept Chem Guangdong Prov Key Lab Catalyt Chem Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Dalian Inst Chem Phys State Key Lab Catalysis Dalian 116023 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Adv Res Inst Shanghai Synchrotron Radiat Facil Shanghai 201204 Peoples R China

Nano-single-atom-catalysts have the potential to combine the respective advantages of both nano-catalysts and single-atom-catalysts and thus exhibit enhanced performance. Generally, the separation of active sites in space limits the interaction between single atoms and nanoparticles. Heterointerface engineering has the potential to break this limitation. Regretfully, studies on the interface effect between single atoms and nanoparticles are rarely reported. Herein, an unprecedented nano-single-atom heterointerface composed of Fe single-atoms and carbon-shell-coated FeP nanoparticles (Fe SAC/FeP@C) is demonstrated as an efficient electrocatalyst for the nitrate reduction process from alkaline to acidic. Compared with typical nano-single-atom-catalysts (Fe SAC/FePO4) and single-atom-catalysts (Fe SAC), the constructed Fe SAC/FeP@C heterostructure exhibits dramatically enhanced nitrate-to-ammonia performance. Especially in acidic media, the maxmium Faradaic efficiency of ammonia (NH3) can reach 95.6 +/- 0.5%, with a maximum NH3 yield of 36.2 +/- 3.1 mg h-1 mgcat-1 (pH = 1.2), which is considerably higher than previously reported. Density functional theory calculations and in situ spectroscopic investigations indicate that the unique charge redistribution at the interface, together with the optimized electronic structure of Fe single-atoms, strengthens intermediate adsorption and catalytic activity. This work provides a feasible strategy for designing nano-single-atom-catalysts with unique heterointerfaces, as well as valuable insights into nitrate conversion under environmentally relevant wastewater conditions. A unique nano-single-atom heterostructure is constructed for pH-universal nitrate-to-ammonia reduction reaction (especially in strong acidic media). Controlled experiments and mechanistic studies demonstrate that the unique charge redistribution at the interface, together with the optimized electronic structure of active centers, strengthens intermediate adsorpt

关键词： heterointerface in-situ spectroscopy nano-single-atom catalysts nitrate reduction reaction pH-universal

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COL4A3 Mutation Induced Podocyte Apoptosis by Dysregulation of NADPH Oxidase 4 and MMP-2

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KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS 2023年第9期8卷 1864-1874页

作者： Tong, Jun Zheng, Qimin Gu, Xiangchen Weng, Qinjie yu, shuwen Fang, Zhengying Hussain, Hafiz Muhammad Jafar Xu, Jing Ren, Hong Chen, Nan Xie, Jingyuan Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai Ruijin Hosp Sch Med Dept NephrolInst Nephrol Shanghai 200001 Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai Ruijin Hosp Inst Nephrol Sch Med 197 Ruijin Er Rd Shanghai 200025 Peoples R China

Introduction: Podocyte apoptosis is a common mechanism driving progression in Alport syndrome (AS). This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of podocyte apoptosis caused by COL4A3 mutations. Methods: We recruited patients with autosomal dominant AS (ADAS). Patients with minimal change disease (MCD) were recruited as controls. Microarray analysis was carried out on isolated glomeruli from the patients and validated. Then, corresponding mutant human podocytes (p.C1616Y) and 129 mice (p.C1615Y, the murine homolog to the human p.C1616Y) were constructed. The highest differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from microarray analysis were validated in transgenic mice and podocytes before and after administration of MMP-2 inhibitor (SB-3CT) and NOX4 inhibitor (GKT137831). We further validated NOX4/MMP-2/apoptosis pathway by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunohistochemistry, and western blot in renal tissues from the ADAS ***: Using microarray analysis, we observed that DEGs, including NOX4/H2O2, MMP-2, and podocyte apoptosis-related genes were significantly upregulated. These genes were validated by real-time PCR, histologic analysis, and western blot in corresponding mutant human podocyte (p.C1616Y) and/or mice models (p.C1615Y). Moreover, we found podocyte apoptosis was abrogated and MMP-2 expression was down-regulated both in vivo and in vitro by NOX4 inhibition, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, 24-hour proteinuria;and renal pathologic lesion was attenuated by NOX4 inhibition in vivo. Furthermore, podocyte apoptosis was attenuated whereas NOX4 expression remained the same by inhibition of MMP-2 both in vivo and in ***: These results indicated that NOX4 might induce podocyte apoptosis through the regulation of MMP-2 in patients with COL4A3 mutations. Our findings provided new insights into the mechanism of ADAS.

关键词： NADPH Oxidase 4 MMP-2 Podocyte Apoptosis

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Early life stress enhances the susceptibility to depression and interferes with neuroplasticity in the hippocampus of adolescent mice via regulating miR-34c-5p/SYT1 axis

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JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH 2024年 170卷 262-276页

作者： yu, shuwen Zhao, Yijing Luo, Qian Gu, Bing Wang, Xixi Cheng, Jiao Wang, Zhen Liu, Dexiang Ho, Roger C. M. Ho, Cyrus S. H. Shandong Univ Cheeloo Coll Med Sch Basic Med Sci Dept Med Psychol & Ethics Jinan 250012 Shandong Peoples R China Shandong Univ Cheeloo Coll Med Sch Basic Med Sci Dept Physiol Jinan 250012 Shandong Peoples R China Natl Univ Singapore Yong Loo Lin Sch Med Dept Psychol Med Singapore Singapore Natl Univ Singapore Inst Hlth Innovat & Technol iHealthtech Singapore Singapore Shandong Univ Cheeloo Coll Med Sch Basic Med Sci Dept Physiol 44 Wenhua Xi Rd Jinan 250012 Shandong Peoples R China Shandong Univ Cheeloo Coll Med Sch Basic Med Sci Dept Med Psychol & Ethics Jinan 250012 Shandong Peoples R China

Early life events are major risk factors for the onset of depression and have long-term effects on the neurobiological changes and behavioral development of rodents. However, little is known about the specific mechanisms of early life adversity in the susceptibility to subsequent stress exposure in adolescence. This study characterized the effect of maternal separation (MS), an animal model of early life adversity, on the behavioral responses to restraint stress in mice during adolescence and investigated the molecular mechanism underlying behavioral vulnerability to chronic stress induced by MS. Our results showed that MS exposure could further reinforce the depressive vulnerability to restraint stress in adolescent mice. In addition, miR-34c-5p expression was obviously up-regulated in the hippocampi of MS mice at postnatal day (P) 14 and P42. Further, synaptotagmin-1 (SYT1) was deemed as a target gene candidate of miR-34c-5p on the basis of dual luciferase assay. It was found that the downregulation of miR-34c-5p expression in the hippocampi of MS mice could ameliorate dysfunction of synaptic plasticity by targeting molecule SYT1, effects which were accompanied by alleviation of depressive and anxious behaviors in these mice. The results demonstrated that the miR-34c-5p/SYT1 pathway was involved in the susceptibility to depression induced by MS via regulating neuroplasticity in the hippocampi of mice.

关键词： Depressive susceptibility miR-34c-5p Neuroplasticity Synaptotagmin-1 Early life stress

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Numerical simulation of single bubble growth in vertical rectangular narrow flow channels

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NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2022年 391卷 1页

作者： Cheng, Ning yu, shuwen Xiao, Jun Peng, Changhong Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Nucl Sci & Technol Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Minist Ecol & Environm MEE Peoples Republ China Nucl & Radiat Safety Ctr Beijing 100000 Peoples R China China Ship Dev & Design Ctr Wuhan 430060 Peoples R China

The narrow rectangular channels of compact type reactors rely on boiling to generate bubbles to transfer a large amount of heat. On the one hand, the growth behavior of bubbles is closely related to the heat-mass conversion efficiency. On the other hand, the resulting flow instability and critical heat flow also affect operation safety. We set up a test bench with a visible flow channel to investigate the bubble growth in vertical rectangular narrow channels. The bubbles at the ONB (Onset of Nucleate Boiling) site were observed at 1 atm in subcooled flow boiling water. Two typical bubble growth processes were picked out to simulate numerically. A high-speed camera and thermocouples were used to record bubble contours and wall temperatures in the experiment. The heat flow was obtained based on assumptions and theoretical analysis. A numerical simulation of the whole process was conducted, where the bubble contours and temperature fields can be obtained. According to the simulation results of two examples, the microlayer evaporation at the bubble bottom accounts for about 30% of the total evaporation amount.

关键词： Numerical simulation Visual experiment Bubble growth Rectangular channel Flow boiling

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Experimental Study of Onset of Nucleate Boiling in Vertical Rectangular Channels with Different Flow Path Heights

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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONS 2022年第1期2022卷

作者： Cheng, Ning yu, shuwen Xiao, Jun Peng, Chang-Hong Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Nucl Sci & Technol Hefei 230026 Peoples R China China Ship Dev & Design Ctr Wuhan 430060 Peoples R China Minist Ecol & Environm MEE Peoples Republ China Nucl & Radiat Safety Ctr Beijing 100000 Peoples R China

A study on ONB (onset of nucleate boiling) in two vertical rectangular channels are experimentally conducted in a range of mass flux varying from 100 to 300 kg/(m(2)& BULL;s), inlet water temperature from 70 to 100 & DEG;C, heat flux from 10 to 70 kW/m(2), and local pressure of 0.145 MPa. The cross-section sizes are 1.8 mm * 60 mm and 2.8 mm * 60 mm, respectively. Three boiling incipience judgment methods have been used to locate ONB sites and found that & UDelta;T-ONB (the wall superheat at ONB site) increases with the decrease of inlet temperature and increases as mass flux increases. The results also indicate that although the bubble size and behaviors in the narrow channel are different from that in the nonnarrow channel at the ONB site, the heat transfer has not been influenced evidently. In addition, & UDelta;T-ONB in both channels can be predicted by the correlation proposed by Thom within the error range of & PLUSMN;30%.

关键词： Heat flux

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Interfacial Analysis and Development of Phase Change Models for Condensation in Openfoam

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： yu, shuwen Cheng, Ning Peng, Changhong School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China No.96 Jinzhai Road Baohe District Hefei230026 China China Ship Development and Design Center No.268 Zhangzhidong Road Wuchang District Wuhan430060 China

Interfacial mass and heat transfer are a critical issue for phase change models. In this study, derived from basic heat conduction equations, the characteristics of vapor-liquid interface for three typical phase change models (Lee model, energy balance model, and temperature recovery model) were analyzed. Based on the open-source toolbox OpenFOAM, numerical investigations using the volume of fluid method were conducted on the influence of the heat source term and the thermal conductivity on the interfacial temperature. On this basis, a new energy balance model including vapor-liquid thermal conductivity ratio is proposed to consider the vapor thermal conductivity. Furthermore, a temperature correction term is added to stabilize the interfacial temperature to saturation temperature, where one phase is unsaturated and the other is supersaturated. The simulation results of the proposed model agree well with the analytical solution of the one-dimensional Stefan problem and Nusselt film condensation problem. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Phase interfaces

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A MIRROR-SYMMETRICAL XY COMPLIANT PARALLEL MANIPULATOR WITH IMPROVED PERFORMANCES WITHOUT INCREASING THE FOOTPRINT 45

A MIRROR-SYMMETRICAL XY COMPLIANT PARALLEL MANIPULATOR WITH ...

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ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences / 41st Annual Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC-CIE) / 45th Mechanisms and Robotics Conference (MR)

作者： Zhu, Jiaxiang Hao, Guangbo Li, Shiyao yu, shuwen Kong, Xianwen Univ Coll Cork Sch Engn Elect & Elect Engn Cork Ireland Heriot Watt Univ Sch Engn & Phys Sci Edinburgh EH14 4AS Midlothian Scotland

ISBN: (纸本)9780791885444

The design of XY compliant parallel manipulators (CPMs) remains challenging considering the tradeoff between the mirror-symmetry for better constrained undesired rotations and the small footprint, although a significant number of XY CPMs have been reported in extensive applications. This paper presents a new XY CPM using mirror-symmetry without increasing its footprint, mainly aiming to reduce the undesired parasitic rotations of input and output motion stages. The concept of higher degree of stiffness centre symmetry is deployed to tackle the parasitic rotations, leading to a multi-layer compact XY CPM design with each layer being a rotation-symmetrical design. A nonlinear and analytical model of the proposed XY CPM is derived using free body diagrams and the Beam Constrained Model (BCM) to accurately analyse its performance characteristics over a large range of motion. The designed XY CPM is then verified by the nonlinear finite element analysis ( FEA) method. Finally, the proposed multi-layer design is comprehensively compared with the well-received single-layer rotation-symmetrical design. It is shown in the new design that the parasitic rotations of input and output stages along with the actuator isolation are significantly reduced and that the out-of-plane-stiffness is also significantly increased.

关键词： XY CPM compliant mechanisms reduced stage yaw stiffness centre symmetry large range of motion nonlinear model

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Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Genetic Focal Segment Glomerulosclerosis

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES 2024年第5期84卷 660-662页

作者： Hao, Xu yu, shuwen Weng, Qinjie Fang, Zhengying Zheng, Qimin Zhao, Yafei Liu, Jian Ma, Jun Zhang, Chunli Liu, yunzi Li, Junru Yang, Mingxin Ren, Hong Xie, Jingyuan Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Sch Med Ruijin Hosp Dept Nephrol Shanghai Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Inst Nephrol Sch Med Shanghai Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Ruijin Hosp Inst Nephrol Sch MedDept Nephrol 197 Ruijin Er Rd Shanghai 200025 Peoples R China

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Analyses of monoblocks divertor at one-sided high heat flux using RPI wall boiling model

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APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING 2021年 199卷 117591-117591页

作者： yu, shuwen Lu, Jianchao Peng, Changhong Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Nucl Sci & Technol 96 Jinzhai Rd Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Nucl Power Inst China Sci & Technol Reactor Syst Design Lab 328 Changshun Rd Chengdu 610213 Peoples R China

The divertor is one of the core components in the Tokamak magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device, which is responsible for eliminating high-flux energy flow and particle flow. The divertor in China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) is designed to withstand a steady-state thermal load of 10 MW/m(2) and a transient thermal load up to 20 MW/m(2). The water-cooled scheme is a promising candidate scheme. The model under high heat flux divertor tube system was established by using RPI wall boiling model and the Eulerian multiphase model. On this basis, the fluid-thermal-structure coupling method is used to simulate the complete structure of divertor blocks. In the steady-state condition, three heat transfer patterns are found and compared in the circumferential and axial directions, and methods to enhance heat transfer (including flow velocity and tube structure) are further evaluated. The results reveal the superiority of the screw tube and the swirl tube in the enhancement of heat transfer with high heat flow. For unsteady conditions, the response of temperature and stress for different components are different. The change of flow boundary quickly affects the whole system, while the thermal shock only poses a great threat to external components, and its influence on internal components is lagging and slight.

关键词： Divertor Fluid-thermal-structure Two-phase flow

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Combined chemotherapy with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors in treating human cancers: Recent advancement

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BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY 2020年 129卷 110389-110389页

作者： Li, Shuangshuang Jiang, Min Wang, Lu yu, shuwen Shandong Univ Cheeloo Coll Med Sch Pharmaceut Sci Jinan 250012 Shandong Peoples R China Shandong Univ Jinan Cent Hosp Cheeloo Coll Med Dept Pharm Jinan 250013 Shandong Peoples R China

Chemotherapy with a single chemotherapeutic agent or a combined chemotherapeutic regimen is the clinically standardized treatment for almost all human cancers. Upregulated expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, also known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is associated with human carcinogenesis and cancer progression and COX-2 inhibitors show antitumor activity in different human cancers. Thus, a combination of chemotherapeutic agents with COX-2 inhibitors has been shown to improve therapeutic effects on human cancers. This review discusses and summarizes recent advances in cancer control and treatment using various antineoplastic drugs combined with COX-2 inhibitors. These combinations showed synergistic antitumor effects. At the gene level, COX-2 inhibitors can reduce inflammatory factors thereby regulating macrophage recruitment for activating the antitumor immune microenvironment;downregulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to inhibit tumor angiogenesis;and inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to induce tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, such a combination can reduce toxicity and chemoresistance and enhance radiosensitivity, although COX-2 inhibitors-related cardiotoxicity may potentially affect its use. Further in-depth investigation of these drug combinations is needed to maximize antitumor efficacy and minimize the side effects.

关键词： Cancer treatment Chemotherapy COX-2 inhibitor Combination medication

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