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当代医学 2021年第25期27卷 177-178页

作者：李军娥周丽招淑文佛山市中心血站成分科广东佛山528000 佛山市中心血站质控科广东佛山528000

目的研究不同储存时间血液制备的洗涤红细胞效果。方法选取2018年6月至2020年5月本院采集CPDA-1保养液剂量全血为400 mL的血液,制备成2 U去白悬浮红细胞60袋放置于储血专用冰箱中,取存储期第1、2、3、4、5周的去白悬浮红细胞各12袋,制... 详细信息

目的研究不同储存时间血液制备的洗涤红细胞效果。方法选取2018年6月至2020年5月本院采集CPDA-1保养液剂量全血为400 mL的血液,制备成2 U去白悬浮红细胞60袋放置于储血专用冰箱中,取存储期第1、2、3、4、5周的去白悬浮红细胞各12袋,制备成洗涤红细胞,于制备后1 h测定血浆游离血红蛋白、上清蛋白质和血红蛋白含量,并计算溶血率,同时检测不同储存时间的原料血溶血率。结果第5周血红蛋白含量明显低于第1、2、4周(P<0.05),其他各时间点比较差异均无统计学意义;第3周和第4周的上清蛋白质含量比较差异无统计学意义,其他各时间点比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);第1周与第2周溶血率比较差异无统计学意义,第1周、第2周与其他各时间点比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),第3周、第4周和第5周溶血率两两比较差异均无统计学意义;第5周出现1例洗涤红细胞,溶血率为0.85%,超出质量控制要求;第1周原料血溶血率与第2周比较差异无统计学意义,第1周、第2周与其他各时间点原料血溶血率比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血液不同储存时间对制备洗涤红细胞的质量有较大影响,随着血液储存时间延长,制备洗涤红细胞的溶血率、上清蛋白质含量也随之增加,若使用保存期较长的血液制备剂,溶血率可能无法达到标准,因此,建议使用保存期在2周内的血液制备洗涤红细胞。

关键词：不同储存时间血液制备洗涤红细胞上清蛋白质血红蛋白

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Mn-Ce co-activated garnet crystals as bright scintillators for fast gamma and high-performance X-ray imaging

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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2025年 515卷

作者： Zhang, Aochen Li, Mingqing Li, Chengyi Qiu, Peng Xue, Zhongjun zhao, shuwen Zhang, Zhe Zheng, Xiang Qu, Jingjing Ding, Yuchong Ding, Dongzhou Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Ceram Shanghai 201899 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Ctr Mat Sci & Optoelect Engn Beijing 100049 Peoples R China China Elect Technol Grp Corp 26 Res Inst Res & Dev Ctr Mat & Equipment Chongqing 400060 Peoples R China

Cerium-activated garnet-structured crystal Gd-3(Al,Ga)(5)O-12:Ce (GAGG:Ce) is regarded as one of the most effective scintillators for high-resolution radiation detection due to its high light yield, excellent energy resolution, and exceptional radiation hardness. Nevertheless, the long radiative lifetime of Ce3+ and the slow component in scintillation decay time pose significant limitations on its further application. To overcome these problems, a novel strategy has been proposed to create a complementary de-excitation channel by introducing Mn2+ as a co-activator. This newly created channel facilitates the transfer of energy from Ce3+ to the acceptor during non-radiative processes, thereby enhancing the de-excitation efficiency of Ce3+. Notably, benefitting from the luminescence of dual luminescence centers along with the energy transfer between Ce3+ and Mn2+, the higher Xray excited luminescence intensity (128% enhancement compared to undoped crystals) and faster scintillation decay are simultaneously realized for the first time in GAGG:Ce crystals. The higher X-ray excited luminescence intensity results in an excellent spatial resolution of 30.0 lp mm-1, which is significant for X-ray imaging applications. This enhancement greatly facilitates the commercialization of Ce-activated garnet-structured scintillators. The study highlights the potential of the cooperation of Mn2+ and Ce3+ in optimizing scintillation performances, thereby opening avenues for the development of ultrafast and efficient inorganic scintillators.

关键词： GAGG:Ce crystals Light yield Scintillation decay time X-ray imaging

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Chemical Speciation, Leaching Behavior, and Environmental Risk Assessment of Trace Elements in the Bottom Ash from Biomass Power Plant

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ACS OMEGA 2024年第16期9卷 18480-18487页

作者： You, Mu Xu, Mai Hu, Yunhu Xue, shuwen zhao, Jing Huainan Normal Univ Sch Biol Engn Huainan 232001 Peoples R China Huainan Normal Univ Sch Chem & Mat Engn Huainan 232001 Peoples R China

Biomass combustion for power generation stands as a pivotal method in energy utilization, offering a promising approach for renewable energy utilization. However, the substantial volume of slag produced by biomass burning plants poses environmental challenges, impeding sustainable energy practices. This article systematically studies the characteristics of ash generated from typical biomass direct combustion power plant ash and analyzes the chemical composition, trace element content characteristics, leaching characteristics, and chemical forms of biomass bottom ash. Furthermore, it assesses the environmental ecology and bioavailability of trace elements in bottom ash using the ecological risk assessment method and RAC method. The results demonstrate that the biomass bottom ash contains plant nutrients, such as K, Ca, Mg, and P, while the content of harmful trace elements is lower than the relevant Chinese standards. In dissolution experiments, the leaching rate of nearly all elements remains exceptionally low, primarily due to the distribution of trace elements within the lattice structure of stable minerals. Trace elements predominantly exist in the residual phase, Cu and Zn primarily found in organic compounds and sulfide bound states, while other elements mostly exist in the form of iron manganese oxide bound states. Ecological risk assessment indicates a significant risk level for Cd, contrasting with the slight risk associated with other elements. RAC results indicated no ecological risk of all of the trace elements. Consequently, the utilization of bottom ash in agricultural and forestry soils is deemed to be viable. These findings serve as a crucial foundation for biomass bottom ash resource utilization and underpin the sustainable utilization of biomass energy.

关键词： Biomass Elements Leaching Power Reaction products

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Crystallographic characteristics and mechanical behavior of laser welded joints of hot roll bending parts

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MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION 2024年 207卷

作者： Wang, shuwen Chen, Shujun Yuan, Tao Jiang, Xiaoqing zhao, Pengjing Ding, Wutong Beijing Univ Technol Engn Res Ctr Adv Mfg Technol Automot Components Minist Educ Welding Equipment R&D Ctr Beijing 100124 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Met Res Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci Shenyang 110016 Peoples R China

In this work, laser welding was performed on the hot roll bending parts obtained by local-induction-heating bending forming. The influence of the crystallographic characteristics of the phase transformation products in different regions of the laser welded joint on the mechanical properties was systematically studied, and the reasons for the performance degradation were discussed in detail. The results show that upper-critical HAZ (UCHAZ) forms coarse prior austenite grain (PAG) and bainite, resulting in the lowest dislocation density of 2.5 x 1014 m- 2 and the lowest impact toughness value of 46 J/cm2. Sub-critical HAZ (SCHAZ) forms tempered martensite, causing the joint to soften and the tensile strength to decrease by 18%. The number of variants in SCHAZ is the lowest, where short laths with smaller misorientations merge into long laths, and precipitates nucleation and growth occurs. The uniform orientation of the variants in SCHAZ forms low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs), which reduces the hindrance to crack propagation, so the mechanical properties of SCHAZ decrease. In addition, the texture analysis found that UCHAZ has the highest (001)//RD orientation volume fraction, indicating that UCHAZ is most prone to rapid expansion of brittle cracks on the {001} cleavage plane, so the toughness of UCHAZ is reduced. SCHAZ has the highest {001}(110) texture volume fraction and the lowest proportion of high-angle grain boundaries (HAGB), indicating that the deformed grain structure with the {001} cleavage planes distributed along the LAGB after welding heat tempering is the main reasons for the delamination of SCHAZ.

关键词： Laser welding Microstructure Mechanical properties Crystallographic characteristics Texture

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Simultaneous and Rapid Analysis of Multiclass Emerging Contaminants Using a Column-Switching LC-MS Method

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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2024年第12期11卷 1391-1397页

作者： zhao, Mengzhe Yan, shuwen Zhang, Yelong Song, Yue Chan, Shen-An Song, Weihua Fudan Univ Dept Environm Sci & Engn Shanghai 200438 Peoples R China Dongying Municipal Water Resource Bur Dongying 257091 Shandong Peoples R China Agilent Technol Shanghai 200080 Peoples R China Shanghai Inst Pollut Control & Ecol Secur Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China

Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in aquatic environments have attracted a considerable amount of attention from the public and regulatory groups. Due to their wide variety of chemical properties, simultaneous analysis of multiclass CECs presents a great challenge. This study develops an innovative liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method that integrates both large volume injection (LVI) and online solid phase extraction to quantify 102 CECs. The method utilizes three columns: a reversed phase (RP) column, a custom-built mixed weak cation/anion exchange trap column, and a mixed-mode ion exchange (MMIE) column. With valve switching, highly polar/ionic CECs that are not retained by the RP column are captured by the trap column while other CECs are separated by the RP column. Subsequently, the trapped highly polar/ionic CECs are transferred to the MMIE column for further separation. Matrix effects from sewage effluent and urine samples were assessed, and the method accuracy and precision were also determined using spike recovery. LVI notably enhanced the method sensitivity, with the method quantification limits for 93 of the 102 CECs in various water matrices being <10 ng L-1. Overall, this novel column-switching LC-MS method enables the rapid and simultaneous determination of multiclass CECs in diverse aqueous samples.

关键词： LC-MS analysis large volume injection hybrid2D-LC contaminants of emerging concern

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Enhancing perovskite solar cell performance: The role of polymer-assisted hole transport layers in hot carrier dynamics

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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2024年 489卷

作者： Xu, Min Wang, Peng Qi, shuwen zhao, Rongjun Xie, Lin Hua, Yong Yunnan Univ Sch Mat & Energy Kunming 650091 Peoples R China Yunnan Univ Ctr Optoelect Engn Res Dept Phys Kunming 650091 Peoples R China

Enhancing the efficiency and stability is very critical for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) commercialization. Herein, we report an effective approach to enable highly efficient and stable PSCs by incorporating a polymer material, poly[N, N ' -bis(2-octyldodecyl)-naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5 ' -(2,2 ' -bithiophene) (named P(NDI2OD-T2)), into hole transport layer (HTL). Our research results exhibit that the addition of P (NDI2OD-T2) not only effectively improves the hole mobility and conductivity of HTL, but also makes its energy level more alignment with perovskite. More importantly, ultrafast carrier results demonstrate that the introduction of P(NDI2OD-T2) into Spiro-OMeTAD HTL can effectively improve the extraction and transfer of hot carriers from perovskite layer to HTL, and consequently reduce the recombination of charge carriers in the device. As a result, PSCs based on Spiro + P(NDI2OD-T2) as a HTL shows an enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.20 %, which is much higher than that of control device without P(NDI2OD-T2) (21.94 %). Furthermore, the un-encapsulated P(NDI2OD-T2)-treated PSCs exhibit excellent humidity, thermal and light stabilities, with the devices maintaining 94 % of its initial efficiency after 3000 h at approximate to 40 % humidity, 95 % of its initial efficiency after storage at 65 degrees C and 85 degrees C for 600 h, and 90 % of its initial efficiency after 600 h under one sun light irradiation, respectively. This work provides an effective strategy for improving the device efficiency and long-term stability of PSCs.

关键词： Spiro-OMeTAD Perovskite solar cell Additive Hot carriers Polymer

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Ketjen Black Selectively Anchoring Pd Nanocrystals on Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Based Aerogel for Robust Ethanol Oxidation

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ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2024年第18期7卷 22169-22176页

作者： zhao, Jinjuan zhao, Zhizhong Li, Bilong Meng, Jianqi Wu, Jie Liu, Zheng Yang, Honglei Li, shuwen Lanzhou Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn State Key Lab Appl Organ Chem SKLAOC Lanzhou 730000 Peoples R China

Searching and designing high-quality support materials is a strategy for rationally designing electrocatalysts for the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR). In this work, the ketjen black (KB) embedded with nitrogen-doped graphene based aerogel (NG) anchoring palladium nanocrystals (Pd/KB@NG) was prepared through a one-step hydrothermal method. As a catalyst for EOR, Pd/KB@NG-2 (the mass ratio of graphene oxide and KB is 2:1) has significantly improved electrocatalytic performance compared with commercial Pd/C and other counterparts. The Pd nanocrystals were selectively anchored on the interface composed of KB and NG owing to the spatial confinement effect. Despite the higher Pd content (13.4 wt %), Pd nanocrystals (Pd NCs) are densely and uniformly dispersed between KB and NG on account of the anchoring and confinement effects of KB. The spatial confinement effect can also prevent the loss of the precious metal Pd, thereby improving the electrocatalytic activity and stability of the samples. Moreover, the electron-donating property of KB induces the electrons to flow from KB to Pd NCs, which enhances the electronic metal-support interaction, thus optimizing the adsorption behavior of toxic intermediate CH3COads and improving the electrocatalytic performance of the catalysts. In addition, the embeddedness of the highly conductive KB between NG not only endows fast channels to transfer interelectrons from the supports to the active metal but also generates the large number of pore structures, thereby creating the siphon effect and accelerating the mass transfer process during the process of EOR. Based on the spatial confinement effect, this work not only provides a perspective for the rational design of highly active catalysts but also opens an avenue to a generation of Pd-based catalysts for DEFCs and beyond.

关键词： spatial confinement effect Ketjen black nitrogen-dopedgraphene aerogels Pd nanocrystals ethanol oxidationreaction

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法律硕士培养机制改革研究

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保定学院学报 2020年第5期33卷 116-123页

作者：赵树文宋雪河北大学法学院河北保定071002

法律硕士研究生教育以高层次复合型(专门型)、应用型法治人才为目标,对法律硕士培养机制提出了更高的要求,该机制必须有别于法学硕士的培养,突出法律硕士教育的具体素质需求。然而,就当前法律硕士教育实践中的培养机制而言,无论是课程... 详细信息

法律硕士研究生教育以高层次复合型(专门型)、应用型法治人才为目标,对法律硕士培养机制提出了更高的要求,该机制必须有别于法学硕士的培养,突出法律硕士教育的具体素质需求。然而,就当前法律硕士教育实践中的培养机制而言,无论是课程设置、师资配备、考核机制,还是法律职业伦理教育等相关方面,都存在不同程度的问题。因此,有必要对国内法律硕士培养机制进行反思,在优化课程设置、增强师资力量、完善考核体系以及加强职业伦理教育等方面重构培养机制,以期全面实现法治人才的培养目标。

关键词：法律硕士培养机制法治人才

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Real-Time Ultraviolet Flame Detection System Based on 4H-SiC Phototransistor

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES 2024年第3期71卷 1580-1586页

作者： Huang, Danyang zhao, Xiaolong Li, Quan Liang, zhaozhao Guo, shuwen He, Yongning Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Microelect Key Lab Micro Nano Elect & Syst Integrat Xian City Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China

High-sensitivity ultraviolet (UV) photoelectric detection technology is significant in UV communication, missile tail flame radiation detection, and fire early warning. This article utilized a 4H-SiC phototransistor detector to respond to weak UV light. A corresponding detection circuit system was developed to convert the photogenerated analog current signal to a digital voltage signal and transmit the digital signal to the host computer. A trans-impedance amplifier amplifies and transfers the weak photocurrent into a large voltage signal, which possesses a stronger antijamming ability. The analog-to-digital converter converts the analog voltage signal into a digital signal for convenient transmission in the following circuits. A universal serial bus interface module transmits the digital signal to the host computer using a serial transmission method with a field-programmable gate array controlling the timing. A graphical software interface based on LabVIEW was developed to display the collected digital data that stand for real-time UV intensity. Monitoring and recording the weak optical power of the UV light emitted by candlelight can be realized via the system. The UV power density range was between 50 nW/cm(2) and 3 mu W/cm(2) , and the corresponding output voltages ranged from 0.095 to 3.45 V. Compared with traditional high-voltage biased p-i-n avalanche diode detection system, the flame detection system demonstrated in this article was based on a 4H-SiC phototransistor, which has the advantages of low voltage and high stability.

关键词： Detectors Fires Phototransistors Photoconductivity Voltage Anodes Real-time systems 4H-SiC phototransistor data acquisition circuit ultraviolet (UV) detection visible-blind UV detection wide-bandgap detection system

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Theabrownin from Pu-erh Tea Improves DSS-Induced Colitis via Restoring Gut Homeostasis and Inhibiting TLR2&4 Signaling Pathway

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PHYTOMEDICINE 2024年 132卷 155852页

作者： zhao, Lei zhao, Chunyan Miao, Yue Lei, shuwen Li, Yujing Gong, Jiashun Peng, Chunxiu Yunnan Agr Univ Coll Food Sci & Technol Kunming 650201 Peoples R China Yunnan Agr Univ Coll Sci Kunming 650201 Peoples R China Yunnan Acad Agr Sci Med Plants Res Inst Kunming 650223 Peoples R China Yunnan Acad Agr Sci Agroprod Proc Res Inst Kunming 650223 Peoples R China Yunnan Agr Univ Coll Hort & Landscape Kunming 650201 Peoples R China

Background: Theabrownin (TB) is a dark brown pigment from Pu-erh tea or other dark teas. It is formed by further oxidization of theaflavins and thearubigins, in combination with proteins, polysaccharides, and caffeine etc. TB is a characteristic ingredient and bioactive substance of Pu-erh tea. However, the effects of TB on ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear. Purpose: This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of TB on UC in terms of recovery of intestinal homeostasis and regulation of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2&4 signaling pathway. Methods: The colitis models were established by administering 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to C57BL/6 mice for 5 days to evaluate the therapeutic and preventive effects of TB on UC. Mesalazine was used as a positive control. H&E staining, complete blood count, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and 16S rRNA sequencing were employed to assess histological changes, blood cells analysis, content of cytokines, expression and distribution of mucin (MUC)2 and TLR2&4, differentiation of CD4+ T cells in lamina propria, and changes in intestinal microbiota, respectively. Western blot was utilized to study the relative expression of tight junction proteins and the key proteins in TLR2&4-mediated MyD88-dependent MAPK, NF-kappa B, and AKT signaling pathways. Results: TB outstanding alleviated colitis, inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduced white blood cells while increasing red blood cells, hemoglobin, and platelets. TB increased the expression of occludin, claudin-1 and MUC2, effectively restored intestinal barrier function. TB also suppressed differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells in the colon's lamina propria, increased the fraction of Treg cells, and promoted the balance of Treg/Th17 to tilt towards Tregs. Moreover, TB increased the Firmicutes to Bacteroides (F/B) ratio, as well as the abundance of Akkermansia, Muribaculaceae, and Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group at the genus

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Intestinal barrier Differentiation of CD4+T cells Intestinal microbiota

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