Biological strategy of utilization of plants-microbe's interactions to remediate cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils is effective and practical. However, limited evidence at transcriptome level is available about how ...
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Biological strategy of utilization of plants-microbe's interactions to remediate cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils is effective and practical. However, limited evidence at transcriptome level is available about how microbes work with host plants to alleviate Cd stress. In the present study, comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed between maize seedlings inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and non-AM fungi inoculation under distinct concentrations of CdCl2 (0, 25, and 50 mg per kg soil). Significantly higher levels of Cd were found in root tissues of maize colonized by AM fungi, whereas, Cd content was reduced as much as 50% in leaf tissues when compared to non-AM seedlings, indicating that symbiosis between AM fungi and maize seedlings can significantly block translocation of Cd from roots to leaf tissues. Moreover, a total of 5827 differentially expressed genes (DEG) were determined and approximately 68.54% DEGs were downregulated when roots were exposed to high Cd stress. In contrast, 67.16% (595) DEGs were significantly up-regulated when seedlings were colonized by AM fungi under 0 mg CdCl2. Based on hierarchical clustering analysis, global expression profiles were split into eight distinct clusters. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that hundreds of genes functioning in plant hormone signal transduction, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and glutathione metabolism were enriched. Furthermore, MapMan pathway analysis indicated a more comprehensive overview response, including hormone metabolism, especially in JA, glutathione metabolism, transcription factors and secondary metabolites, to Cd stress in mycorrhizal maize seedlings. These results provide an overview, at the transcriptome level, of how inoculation of maize seedlings by AM fungi could facilitate the relief of Cd stress.
Background: Preeclampsia is a devastating hypertensive disorder of pregnancy with unknown mechanism. Recent studies have considered abnormal autophagy as a new cellular mechanism for this disorder, while little is kno...
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Background: Preeclampsia is a devastating hypertensive disorder of pregnancy with unknown mechanism. Recent studies have considered abnormal autophagy as a new cellular mechanism for this disorder, while little is known about how autophagy is specifically involved and what factors are implicated. Here, we report a previously unrecognized preeclampsia-associated autophagic regulator, PKC beta, that is involved in placental angiogenesis. Methods: PKC beta levels were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence and by the analysis of public data. The autophagy-regulating role of PKC beta inhibition in preeclampsia pathogenesis was studied in a mouse model, and in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human choriocarcinoma cells (JEG-3). Findings: PKC beta was significantly downregulated in human preeclamptic placentas. In a mouse model, the selective inhibition of PKC beta by Ruboxistaurin was sufficient to induce preeclampsia-like symptoms, accompanied by excessive autophagic flux and a disruption in the balance of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors in mouse placentas. In contrast, autophagic inhibition by 3-methyladenine partially normalized hypertension, proteinuria and placental angiogenic imbalance in PKC beta-inhibited mice. Our in vitro experiments demonstrated that PKC beta inhibition activated autophagy, thus blocking VEGFA-induced HUVEC tube formation and resulting in the significant upregulation of sFLT1 and downregulation of VEGFA in JEG-3 cells. Interpretation: These data support a novel model in which autophagic activation due to PKC beta inhibition leads to the impairment of angiogenesis and eventually results in preeclampsia. (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.
Mulberry fruit polysaccharides have demonstrated excellent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic properties. This study tested the effect of white mulberry fruit polysaccharides (WMFPs) on bl...
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Mulberry fruit polysaccharides have demonstrated excellent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic properties. This study tested the effect of white mulberry fruit polysaccharides (WMFPs) on blood pressure. WMFPs induced endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat mesenteric arteries and NO production in endothelial cells, both of which were reversed by the NO synthase inhibitor N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002, a cell-permeable Ca2+ chelator (1,2-bis (oaminophenoxy) ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (acetoxymethyl ester)), and inhibitors of molecules downstream of NO, including the soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor 1H- [1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, the potassium channel inhibitor tetraethylammonium chloride, the large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel-specific inhibitor iberiotoxin, and the K-ATP channel inhibitor glibenclamide. Intravenous injection of WMFPs reduced mean arterial blood pressure in both normotensive Sprague-Dawley and spontaneously hypertensive rats through enhanced endothelial NO production. This study demonstrated that WMFPs induce endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat mesenteric arteries to regulate blood pressure, suggesting that development of WMFPs as a novel antihypertensive agent is warranted.
目的探讨双室术中磁共振(Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging,iMRI)在手术和常规临床扫描联合应用的临床价值。方法收集2019年3月1日至2019年12月31日在双室iMRI设备引导下行术中扫描的患者110例,常规临床扫描患者4154例。计算...
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目的探讨双室术中磁共振(Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging,iMRI)在手术和常规临床扫描联合应用的临床价值。方法收集2019年3月1日至2019年12月31日在双室iMRI设备引导下行术中扫描的患者110例,常规临床扫描患者4154例。计算联合扫描方式下iMRI设备的效益与产出,制定手术患者在双室iMRI系统中进行“术前-术中-术后”的多模态扫描方案,分析其优势。结果联合扫描为设备提升了72.9%的收入,且无不良事件发生;双室iMRI系统下的“术前-术中-术后”扫描降低了手术患者候机时长;多模态影像结果显示,60.9%的患者在术中首次成像达到手术要求,再次成像后比例提升至91.8%。结论3.0T双室高场强iMRI在手术和常规临床的联合应用大幅提升了设备使用效率,颅内肿瘤多模态成像方案对指导手术具有重要价值。
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