Site-specific delivery capsule (SSDC) is a robotic capsule. It can load with drug and deliver the drug to the selected sites of human or animalspsila gut. In order to know whether the capsule have moved into the selec...
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Site-specific delivery capsule (SSDC) is a robotic capsule. It can load with drug and deliver the drug to the selected sites of human or animalspsila gut. In order to know whether the capsule have moved into the selected sites, we use receiving coils to detect the magnetic field generated by the eddy current in batteries of the capsule when the capsule exists in the alternating magnetic field. Experiment in simulative conditions of gastrointestinal (GI) tract is carried out and the result verifies the effectiveness of this method.
Spectrum sensing is a key technology in cognitive radio (CR) and cooperative spectrum sensing is derived due to the effects of channel fading. In this paper, we focus on the optimal number of secondary users in cooper...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424425143
Spectrum sensing is a key technology in cognitive radio (CR) and cooperative spectrum sensing is derived due to the effects of channel fading. In this paper, we focus on the optimal number of secondary users in cooperative spectrum sensing to maximize the utility in CR network. By considering both the detection error probability and the resource used by the secondary users in cooperation, we derive the analytical suboptimal number of secondary users in a special CR network where all the SUs have the same SNR. The simulation results show that the utility of suboptimal scheme is greater than that of other schemes and nearly the same as that of the optimal scheme with exhaust search.
Coded Cooperation (CC) is a promising user cooperation scheme. In this paper, we propose a novel network- coding-based coded cooperation scheme. When a user decodes its partner's information correctly in the first...
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Coded Cooperation (CC) is a promising user cooperation scheme. In this paper, we propose a novel network- coding-based coded cooperation scheme. When a user decodes its partner's information correctly in the first frame, it transmits the combination of the partner's parity bits and its own parity bits through network coding in the second frame. This is distinct from the classical scheme, where the user only transmits the partner's parity bits during cooperation. We analyze the outage probability of the proposed scheme, and show that it achieves a full diversity order. Numerical evaluations reveal that the proposed scheme outperforms the classical scheme when the inter-user channels are poor. Also, the results show that the proposed scheme always outperforms no cooperation in various channel conditions while the performance of classical scheme is worse than that of no cooperation with the poor inter-user channels. This means that the performance of the proposed scheme is stabler than the classical scheme and the proposed scheme is more tolerant to the poor inter-user channels.
In this paper, composite fibers of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Y2O3:Eu3+ nanocrytals were prepared by electrospinning and characterized by electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) and X-ray d...
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In this paper, composite fibers of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Y2O3:Eu3+ nanocrytals were prepared by electrospinning and characterized by electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The composite fibers are in random orientation and with average diameter of similar to 300 nm and length up to several ten micrometers. The luminescent properties were investigated and compared with the pure Y2O3:Eu3+ nanocrystals. Due to certain weak interactions between nanocrystals and PVP matrix, charge transfer band in the excitation spectra show slightly red shift for the fibers relative to in the case of pure Y2O3:Eu3+ nanocrystals. The PVP polymer may modified the surface defect states of nanocrystals, yielding decreased intensity ratio of D-5(0)-F-7(2) to D-5(0)-F-7(1) transition in the emission spectra. The fluorescence lifetimes of D-5(0) level for Eu3+ in the composite fibers and Y2O3:Eu3+ nanocrystals were respectively determined to be 1.40 and 1.74 ms. The decreased fluorescence lifetime in the composite fibers was attributed to increased radiative transition rate, as result of the influence of refractive index of the surrounding PVP media instead of air.
We have developed a new method (Independent Cluster Decomposition Algorithm, ICDA) for creating all-atom models of proteins given the heavy-atom coordinates, provided by X-ray crystallography, and the pH. In our metho...
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We have developed a new method (Independent Cluster Decomposition Algorithm, ICDA) for creating all-atom models of proteins given the heavy-atom coordinates, provided by X-ray crystallography, and the pH. In our method the ionization states of titratable residues, the crystallographic mis-assignment of amide orientations in Asn/Gln, and the orientations of OH/SH groups are addressed under the unified framework of polar states assignment. To address the large number of combinatorial possibilities for the polar hydrogen states of the protein, we have devised a novel algorithm to decompose the system into independent interacting clusters, based on the observation of the crucial interdependence between the short range hydrogen bonding network and polar residue states, thus. Significantly reducing the computational complexity of the problem and making our algorithm tractable using relatively modest computational resources. We utilize an all atom protein force field (OPLS) and a Generalized Born continuum solvation model, in contrast to the various empirical force fields adopted in most previous studies. We have compared our prediction results with a few well-documented methods in the literature (WHATIF, REDUCE). In addition, as a preliminary attempt to couple our polar state assignment method with real structure predictions, we further validate our method using single side chain prediction, which has been demonstrated to be an effective way of validating structure prediction methods without incurring sampling problems. Comparisons of single side chain prediction results after the application of our polar state prediction method with previous results with default polar state assignments indicate a significant improvement in the single side chain predictions for polar residues.
In this paper, NaYF4 nanocrystals and NH4Y3F10 sub-microcrystals were prepared using a polyol method. After being annealed, NH4Y3F10 can convert into YF3, which is a very efficient host matrix for upconversion. The st...
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In this paper, NaYF4 nanocrystals and NH4Y3F10 sub-microcrystals were prepared using a polyol method. After being annealed, NH4Y3F10 can convert into YF3, which is a very efficient host matrix for upconversion. The structures of obtained NaYF4, NH4Y3F10 and YF3 samples are pure cubic phase, a mixture of cubic and hexagonal phase and pure orthorhombic phase, respectively. The size of obtained NaYF4 nanocrystals is about 20 nm, and those of NH4Y3F10 and YF3 sub-microcrystals are both about 200 nm. When co-doped with Er3+ and Yb3+, NaYF4 and YF3 samples can emit bright light under 978 nm excitation. Upconversion mechanisms in Yb3+/Er3+ co-doped NaYF4 and YF3 samples were discussed. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
This paper describes a procedure based on electrospinning for generating europium-doped yttrium vanadate (YVO4:Eu3+) nanofibers with diameters ranging from 30 to 50 nm. The YVO4-Eu3+ nano-fibers were obtained through ...
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We have developed an improved sampling algorithm and energy model for protein loop prediction, the combination of which has yielded the first methodology capable of achieving good results for the prediction of loop ba...
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We have developed an improved sampling algorithm and energy model for protein loop prediction, the combination of which has yielded the first methodology capable of achieving good results for the prediction of loop backbone conformations of 11 residue length or greater. Applied to our newly constructed test suite of 104 loops ranging from 11 to 13 residues, our method obtains average/median global backbone root-mean-square deviations (RMSDs) to the native structure (superimposing the body of the protein, not the loop itself) of 1.00/0.62 angstrom for 11 residue loops, 1.15/0.60 angstrom for 12 residue loops, and 1.25/0.76 angstrom for 13 residue loops. Sampling errors are virtually eliminated, while energy errors leading to large backbone RMSDs are very infrequent compared to any previously reported efforts, including our own previous study. We attribute this success to both an improved sampling algorithm and, more critically, the inclusion of a hydrophobic term, which appears to approximately fix a major flaw in SGB solvation model that we have been employing. A discussion of these results in the context of the general question of the accuracy of continuum solvation models is presented.
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