Ba.kground: Emerging vira. disea.es a.e sprea.ing to new geogra.hic loca.ions, influenced by huma. a.tivities a.d clima.e cha.ge. Morbillivirus ca.is (a.so known a. ca.ine distemper virus, CDV), the etiologica. a.ent ...
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Ba.kground: Emerging vira. disea.es a.e sprea.ing to new geogra.hic loca.ions, influenced by huma. a.tivities a.d clima.e cha.ge. Morbillivirus ca.is (a.so known a. ca.ine distemper virus, CDV), the etiologica. a.ent of CD, is distributed worldwide a.d sha.ed between wild a.d domestic a.ima.s. Methods: a.systema.ic review using MeSH terms wa. ca.ried out from 1985 to 2024, focusing the sea.ch on studies (PubMed a.d WOS) tha. would detect CDV a.d sequence it in a.known genotype in Ca.nivora.hosts. a.ticles were reviewed by four resea.chers, a.d a.ter qua.ity a.sessment, we selected 160 published pa.ers for da.a.extra.tion, a.a.ysis, a.d spa.ia. meta.a.a.ysis. Considering species studied, geogra.hica. loca.ion, a.d cla.sified genotypes we identify 457 different individua. studies (records) from which 332 records CDV wa. sequenced into a.cla.sifia.le 17 ma.n genotypes. Spa.ia. meta.a.a.ysis wa. performed using QGIS, revea.ing distributions of a.ima.s in which a.CDV linea.e ha. been isola.ed;geogra.hica. linea.es overla.ping on different hosts ha.e been mea.ured a. a.density function. Results: CDV host species belonged to the suborder Ca.iformia.(93.7%) into fa.ilies such a. Ca.ida. (75.2%), Mustelida. (9.7%), a.d Procyonida. (7.6%). Suborder Feliformia.(6.1%) showed wild Felida. (5.1%) a. the most represented fa.ily. Sa.ples used were bra.n (13.74%), lung (12.4%), blood (10.8%), a.d na.a.-eye discha.ges (8.9%;8.1%). Reverse tra.scription-PCR (RT-PCR) (60.34%) a.d rea.-time-qua.tita.ive PCR (RT-qPCR) (26.57%) detecting H gene (62%) were most used to detect vira. a.N. On genotypes, Europe/South a.erica.1 (27.4%), Europe-3/a.tic (15.5%), a.ia.1 (14.5%), a.erica.1 (11.2%), Europe-2/Europea. Wildlife a.d a.rica.(a.rica.1 a.d a.rica.2) (7.6%) were the most represented worldwide, being a.erica.1 a.d Europe/South a.erica.1 the most widely distributed a.ound the world. Conclusions: The a.a.ysis showed the wide multihost ca.a.ity a.d diversity of CDV, with dog (Ca.is lupus fa.il
The functiona. renorma.iza.ion group equa.ion for the qua.tum effective a.tion is a.powerful tool to investiga.e non-perturba.ive phenomena.in qua.tum field theories. We discuss the a.plica.ion of ma.ifest supersymmet...
The functiona. renorma.iza.ion group equa.ion for the qua.tum effective a.tion is a.powerful tool to investiga.e non-perturba.ive phenomena.in qua.tum field theories. We discuss the a.plica.ion of ma.ifest supersymmetric flow equa.ions to the N = 1 Wess-Zumino model in two a.d three dimensions a.d the linea. O(N) sigma.model in three dimensions in the la.ge-N limit. The former is a.toy model for dyna.ica. supersymmetry brea.ing, the la.ter for a. exa.tly solva.le field theory.
We study a.d simula.e N = 2 supersymmetric Wess-Zumino models in one a.d two dimensions. For a.y choice of the la.tice deriva.ive, the theories ca. be ma.e ma.ifestly supersymmetric by a.ding a.propria.e improvement t...
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We study a.d simula.e N = 2 supersymmetric Wess-Zumino models in one a.d two dimensions. For a.y choice of the la.tice deriva.ive, the theories ca. be ma.e ma.ifestly supersymmetric by a.ding a.propria.e improvement terms corresponding to discretiza.ions of surfa.e integra.s. In one dimension, our simula.ions show tha. a.model with the Wilson deriva.ive a.d the Stra.onovich prescription for this discretiza.ion lea.s to fa. better results a. finite la.tice spa.ing tha. other models with Wilson fermions considered in the litera.ure. In pa.ticula., we check tha. fermionic a.d bosonic ma.ses coincide a.d the unbroken Wa.d identities a.e fulfilled to high a.cura.y. Equa.ly good results for the effective ma.ses ca. be obta.ned in a.model with the SLa. deriva.ive (even without improvement terms). In two dimensions we introduce a.non-sta.da.d Wilson term in such a.wa. tha. the discretiza.ion errors of the kinetic terms a.e only of order O(a.2)). Ma.ses extra.ted from the corresponding ma.ifestly supersymmetric model prove to a.proa.h their continuum va.ues much quicker tha. those from a.model conta.ning the sta.da.d Wilson term. a.a.n, a.compa.a.le enha.cement ca. be a.hieved in a.theory using the SLa. deriva.ive. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. a.l rights reserved.
In the present work we a.a.yse supersymmetric Ya.g-Mills (SYM) theory with ga.ge group SU(2) in two dimensions by mea.s of la.tice simula.ions. The theory a.ises a. dimensiona. reduction of SYM theory in four dimensio...
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In the present work we a.a.yse supersymmetric Ya.g-Mills (SYM) theory with ga.ge group SU(2) in two dimensions by mea.s of la.tice simula.ions. The theory a.ises a. dimensiona. reduction of SYM theory in four dimensions. a. in other ga.ge theories with extended supersymmetry, the cla.sica. sca.a. potentia. ha. fla. directions which ma. desta.ilize numerica. simula.ions. In a.dition, the fermion determina.t need not be positive a.d this sign-problem ma. ca.se further problems in a.stocha.tic trea.ment. We demonstra.e tha. super Ya.g-Mills theory ha. a.tua.ly no sign problem a.d tha. the fla. directions a.e lifted a.d thus sta.ilized by qua.tum corrections. Only the ba.e ma.ses of the sca.a.s experience a.finite a.ditive renorma.iza.ion in this finite theory. On va.ious la.tices with different la.tice consta.ts we determine the sca.a. ma.ses a.d hopping pa.a.eters for which the supersymmetry viola.ing terms a.e minima.. By studying four Wa.d identities a.d by monitoring the pi-ma.s we show tha. supersymmetry is indeed restored in the continuum limit. In the second pa.t we ca.cula.e the ma.ses of the low-lying bound sta.es. We find tha. in the infinite-volume a.d supersymmetric continuum limit the Venezia.o-Ya.kielowicz super-multiplet becomes ma.sless a.d the Fa.ra.-Ga.a.a.ze-Schwetz super-multiplet decouples from the theory. In a.dition, we estima.e the ma.ses of the excited mesons in the Venezia.o-Ya.kielowicz multiplet. We observe tha. the gluino-glueba.ls ha.e compa.a.le ma.ses to the excited mesons.
We propose a. integra. form of a.ia.-Pa.odi-Singer spectra. bounda.y conditions (SBC) a.d find explicitly the integra. projector onto SBC for the three-dimensiona. spherica. ca.ity. a.ter discussion of a.simple exa.pl...
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We propose a. integra. form of a.ia.-Pa.odi-Singer spectra. bounda.y conditions (SBC) a.d find explicitly the integra. projector onto SBC for the three-dimensiona. spherica. ca.ity. a.ter discussion of a.simple exa.ple we a.gue tha. the rela.ion between the projector a.d fermion propa.a.or is universa. a.d sta.s va.id independently of the ba. form a.d spa.e dimension.
P>a.ms Severa. a.thors ha.e discussed a. ea.ly prodroma. sta.e of neuroa.thropa.hy (sta.e 0 Cha.cot) prior to the development of fra.k ra.iogra.hic cha.ges. However, very few reports a.e a.a.la.le tha. deta.l the o...
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P>a.ms Severa. a.thors ha.e discussed a. ea.ly prodroma. sta.e of neuroa.thropa.hy (sta.e 0 Cha.cot) prior to the development of fra.k ra.iogra.hic cha.ges. However, very few reports a.e a.a.la.le tha. deta.l the outcomes of these pa.ients. The purpose of this study wa. to report on the outcomes of pa.ients with undetected ea.ly Cha.cot neuroa.thropa.hy of the foot. Methods Twenty pa.ients, from two hea.th science centres, were dia.nosed retrospectively with sta.e 0 Cha.cot neuroa.thropa.hy a.d were ma.a.ed a.ter referra. from outside fa.ilities. We eva.ua.ed a.y complica.ions, including ulcer forma.ion, infection, progression into a.tive Cha.cot neuroa.thropa.hy a.d the need for surgica. reconstruction. Pa.ients who did not progress to a. a.tive Cha.cot neuroa.thropa.hy (Group I) were compa.ed with those (Group II) who did progress to the destructive pha.e. Results The dia.nosis of Cha.cot neuroa.thropa.hy wa. missed in 19 of 20 pa.ients prior to referra.. The a.era.e dela. in trea.ment in Group I wa. 4.1 +/- 0.7 weeks compa.ed with 8.7 +/- 6.8 weeks in Group II (Ma.n-Whitney U-test = 24.5, n(1) = 15, n(2) = 7, P < 0.05 two-ta.led). Sixteen of 22 feet (72%) developed a.complica.ion during their trea.ment course. Group II experienced more complica.ions tha. Group I (66.7% compa.ed with 14.3%). Overa.l, eleven of 22 feet (50%) required surgica. trea.ment;however, no pa.ient required a. a.puta.ion during the follow-up course. Conclusions This study revea.s tha. outcomes of sta.e 0 Cha.cot neuroa.thropa.hy feet depend on proper recognition a.d ea.ly ma.a.ement. To reduce the ra.e of future complica.ions for Cha.cot foot should be the goa. of a.l trea.ment.
We derive two types of Wa.d identities for the genera.ing functions for inva.ia.t integra.s of monomia.s of the funda.enta. cha.a.ters for a.bitra.y simple compa.t Lie groups. The results a.e a.plied to the groups SU(...
We derive two types of Wa.d identities for the genera.ing functions for inva.ia.t integra.s of monomia.s of the funda.enta. cha.a.ters for a.bitra.y simple compa.t Lie groups. The results a.e a.plied to the groups SU(3), Spin(5) a.d G(2) of ra.k 2 a. well a. SU(4).
Let i pa.tia. deriva.ive be the Dira. opera.or on a.D = 2d dimensiona. ba.l B with ra.ius R. We ca.cula.e the spectra. a.ymmetry eta.0, i pa.tia. deriva.ive) for D = 2 a.d D = 4, when loca. chira. ba. bounda.y conditi...
Let i pa.tia. deriva.ive be the Dira. opera.or on a.D = 2d dimensiona. ba.l B with ra.ius R. We ca.cula.e the spectra. a.ymmetry eta.0, i pa.tia. deriva.ive) for D = 2 a.d D = 4, when loca. chira. ba. bounda.y conditions a.e imposed. With these bounda.y conditions, we a.so a.a.yse the sma.l-t a.ymptotics of the hea. tra.e Tr(FPe(-tP2)) where P is a. opera.or of Dira. type a.d F is a. a.xilia.y smooth smea.ing function.
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