Digital technology is reshaping the landscape of higher education, especially in the field of computer science. As digital platforms become central to the learning process, understanding student engagement in these co...
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Digital technology is reshaping the landscape of higher education, especially in the field of computer science. As digital platforms become central to the learning process, understanding student engagement in these continuously evolving environments is increasingly vital. This study explores the current state of online learning among undergraduate computer science students, investigates factors influencing their engagement, and proposes strategies to enhance online education. The research framework is grounded in the TPACK model, behaviorist learning theory, learning engagement theory, and situated cognition learning theory, encompassing student characteristics, multidimensional online learning engagement, and key influencing factors. Data on participants' basic attributes, levels of engagement, and the major determinants of these engagement levels were collected via a questionnaire survey. Analyses using SPSS 25.0-employing t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation-revealed significant trends and relationships. Findings show a notable positive correlation between the duration of online learning and overall engagement, whereas gender, home location, and academic major exerted relatively limited influence. Subjective intention, attitude, and motivation emerged as crucial determinants, and interactions with instructors and Peers-reinforced by teaching approaches and feedback-played an essential role in fostering emotional involvement. Building on these insights, the study recommends initiatives to strengthen self-motivation, nurture meaningful online interactions, enhance technical support systems, and reinforce mechanisms for assessing learning outcomes. This work provides empirical evidence for a deeper understanding of online education while indicating directions for ongoing improvement.
Background and objectivesMost existing studies have primarily focused on the effects of Traditional Chinese Exercises (TCEs) on glycemic control in individuals with prediabetes, while specific recommendations for mana...
Background and objectivesMost existing studies have primarily focused on the effects of Traditional Chinese Exercises (TCEs) on glycemic control in individuals with prediabetes, while specific recommendations for managing dyslipidemia in this population remain insufficient. Moreover, there is a lack of systematic research and conclusive evidence regarding the optimal exercise dose required to achieve metabolic improvements in individuals with prediabetes. Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of TCEs in improving glycemic and lipid profiles in individuals with prediabetes and to explore the potential impact of exercise dose on these metabolic parameters. MethodsA comprehensive search of six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, and WanFang Data) followed PRISMA guidelines to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on TCEs (e.g., "Tai Chi," "Yijinjing," "Baduanjin") and prediabetes (e.g., "impaired glucose tolerance," "impaired glucose regulation") published up to November 10, 2024. Three reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed bias risk. Meta-analysis and subgroup/meta-regression analyses were conducted using Stata 17 software. The review protocol is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024615150). ResultsA total of 15 studies involving 1,839 participants were included. The meta-analysis revealed that TCEs significantly improved HbA1c (MD = -0.28%;95% CI: -0.38% to -0.18%;P = 0.001), FBG (MD = -0.44 mmol/L;95% CI: -0.53 to -0.34 mmol/L;P < 0.001), 2hPG (MD = -1.16 mmol/L;95% CI: -1.48 to -0.85 mmol/L;P < 0.001), TC (MD = -0.31 mmol/L;95% CI: -0.50 to -0.11 mmol/L;P = 0.002), TG (MD = -0.28 mmol/L;95% CI: -0.50 to -0.06 mmol/L;P = 0.012), and HDL (MD = -0.28 mmol/L;95% CI: -0.50 to -0.06 mmol/L;P = 0.012) compared to control groups. ConclusionsTCEs significantly improve prediabetics' blood glucose and lipid levels. The recommended exercise regimen is 30-50 min per session,
Metallic oxide can induce localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) through creating vacancies, which effectively achieve high carrier concentrations and offer advantages such as versatility and tunability. However, ...
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Metallic oxide can induce localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) through creating vacancies, which effectively achieve high carrier concentrations and offer advantages such as versatility and tunability. However, vacancies are typically created by altering the stoichiometric ratio of elements through doping, and it is challenging to achieve LSPR enhancement in the visible spectral range. Here, we have assembled Cu2O1-x -superlattices to induce a high concentration of oxygen vacancies, resulting in LSPR within the visible spectrum. Combining this technique with theoretical models, we have elucidated the mechanism behind the origin of LSPR. We also provide evidence of strong and uniform LSPR exhibited by this structure under visible light. This significantly enhances the electromagnetic field in semiconductor-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), with a detection limit concentration reaching 10-9 M compared to conventional gold nanoparticles (55 nm). Our strategy provides a new perspective and potential for controlling carrier concentration and generating LSPR in metal oxide nanoparticles.
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with cold pattern is an important type of RA according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Fuzi (also known as the lateral roots of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx.) represe...
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Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with cold pattern is an important type of RA according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Fuzi (also known as the lateral roots of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx.) represents a typical traditional Chinese medicine that has been clinically used for treatment of the RA especially cold-related RA for thousands of years, yet its mechanism remains unknown. Purpose: The purpose of the research was to study the therapeutic effects of Fuzi on cold-related RA, and to investigate the mechanism of its action. Methods: Here, we investigated the pharmacological effects of Fuzi on cold-related RA using micro-CT, histopathological analysis, and inflammatory cytokine test. Then, a gut microbiota composition analysis in combination with fecal microbiota transplantation were used to confirm the role of gut microbiota in the therapeutic effects of Fuzi. Further, targeted bile acid metabolomics was used to screen the possible differential microbial bile acids involved in the mechanism of Fuzi. In vitro bioactivity analysis of differential bile acids was used to assess their anti-inflammation activity. Finally, western blot was used to investigate the signaling pathways of Fuzi in reducing the inflammation of cold-related RA. Results: The results showed that Fuzi alleviates cold-related RA by improving arthritis index, paw swelling, bone damage, and inflammatory cytokines. In addition, the ameliorative effect of Fuzi is dependent on gut microbiota such as the taxa Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae. Targeted analysis of fecal and serum bile acids showed that TCA and THDCA were the main differential metabolites. In vitro, TCA and THDCA showed anti-inflammation effects on RAW264.7 cells. Western blot showed that Fuzi regulates TGR5-cAMP-PKA signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome to reduce cold-related arthritis. Conclusion: Overall, our results demonstrated that Fuzi could regulate gut microbiota and microbial bile acid metabolism, the microbial me
Background: Plyometric training is a commonly employed method to enhance explosive strength in athletes. However, to date, no study has provided a comprehensive and systematic evaluation of the effects of unilateral (...
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Background: Plyometric training is a commonly employed method to enhance explosive strength in athletes. However, to date, no study has provided a comprehensive and systematic evaluation of the effects of unilateral (UNI) versus bilateral (BI) plyometric training. Objectives: This meta-analysis investigates the impact of UNI and BI plyometric training on jumping, sprinting, and Change of Direction (COD) abilities. Study eligibility criteria: To be eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis, the study had to be:(1)healthy individuals;(2)UNI and BI plyometric training;(3)conducted on rigid surfaces;(4)the outcome indicators were jumping ability, sprinting, and change of direction ability;(5)randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Study appraisal and synthesis methods: We used the random-effects model for meta-analyses. Effect sizes (standardized mean difference), calculated from measures of horizontally oriented performance, were represented by the standardized mean difference and presented alongside 95% confidence intervals (CI). Data sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, CNKI and Google Scholar. Results: A total of 11 papers met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed that UNI contrast training was more effective than BI contrast training in improving single-leg jump performance (ES = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.02–1.04;Z = 2.05, p = 0.04), double-legs jump performance (ES = -0.07, 95% CI: -0.23–0.09;Z = 0.88, p = 0.38),sprint performance (ES = -0.04, 95% CI: -0.07–-0.01;Z = 2.32, p = 0.02), as well as COD (ES = − 0.08, 95% CI: − 0.12 to − 0.03;Z = 3.29, p = 0.001 < 0.01). Conversely, BI contrast training showed a greater effect on bilateral jump performance (ES = -0.07, 95% CI: -0.12–-0.03;Z = 3.39, p = 0.0007). Training with low-ground-contact frequencies (LGCF, fewer than 900 contacts) was found to significantly enhance vertical jump performance (ES = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.01–1.27;Z = 2.00, p = 0.05). Conclusions: UNI and BI plyometric training offer modality
Embryos generated through in vitro fertilization (IVF) frequently experience developmental arrests or blocks, which significantly reduces the success rate of IVF therapy. Recent studies have shown that the protein arg...
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Embryos generated through in vitro fertilization (IVF) frequently experience developmental arrests or blocks, which significantly reduces the success rate of IVF therapy. Recent studies have shown that the protein arginine methylase 3 (PRMT3) plays a crucial role in the regulating of gene expression during early embryonic development. However, the exact regulatory mechanisms of PRMT3 involved in early embryonic development are still unclear. In this study, we used discarded arrested and polyspermic embryos from IVF for experiments, employing confocal techniques and qRT-PCR to examine PRMT3 expression and changes in H4R3me2a methylation during various stages of early development. Furthermore, PRMT3 was re-expressed in the arrested embryos to observe their subsequent development. Our findings revealed that PRMT3 nucleic acid and protein were significantly lower in arrested embryos than in control embryos (P < 0.05). Additionally, methylation levels of H4R3me2a were significantly lower in arrested embryos (P < 0.05). Re-expression of PRMT3 could partially rescue embryos that are developmentally arrested, and even a few arrested embryos have the potential to develop into morula or blastocysts. In summary, the reduction or deletion of PRMT3 gene in early embryo may lead to developmental arrested defects. Therefore, it is crucial to regulate the expression and functioning of PRMT3 for the proper development of early embryos, and further research is required to investigate potential therapeutic interventions for embryonic development arrest in vitro.
Phage therapy is an effective strategy to combat multidrug resistance in bacteria and has been increasingly utilized to protect animals from bacterial infections. This study involved the isolation and purification of ...
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Phage therapy is an effective strategy to combat multidrug resistance in bacteria and has been increasingly utilized to protect animals from bacterial infections. This study involved the isolation and purification of a novel myoviruses phage, vB_AceP_PAc, from a drug-resistant bacterial strain Aeromonas caviae. Genome sequence analysis based on nucleotide sequences revealed that vB_AceP_PAc shared significant similarity with the genomes of 10 other Aeromonas phages, with the highest coverage rate of 52% with phiA047. Intraperitoneal injection of 1 x 10(9) CFU/mL (100 mu L/mouse) A. caviae AC-CY resulted in diarrhea in mice three days later. At this time, oral administration of 1 x 109 PFU/mL (100 mu L/mouse) vB_AceP_PAc effectively alleviated the diarrhea induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in the mice. Furthermore, oral administration of 1 x 10(9) PFU/ml vB_AceP_PAc (100 mu l/mouse) in healthy mice significantly reduced inflammatory cytokine levels, increased tight junction molecule levels, and improved intestinal barrier function. Moreover, the consumption of vB_AceP_PAc by health mice led to a significant increase in the abundance of Lactobacillaceae in the gut, while the expression of CD3(+)CD4(+)/CD3(+)CD8(+) was minimally affected. Overall, the findings of this study confirmed the promising potential of bacteriophage vB_AceP_PAc in treating diarrhea caused by A. caviae.
Phage therapy is an alternative approach to overcoming the problem of multidrug resistance in bacteria. In this study, we isolated and purified a virulent phage named vB_AhaP_PT2 from A. hydrophila-TPS. We examined th...
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Phage therapy is an alternative approach to overcoming the problem of multidrug resistance in bacteria. In this study, we isolated and purified a virulent phage named vB_AhaP_PT2 from A. hydrophila-TPS. We examined the biological characteristics and genome sequences of vB_AhaP_PT2. After intraperitoneal injection of bacteriophage (8 x 107 PFU/mL) into crucian carp, most of the phage distributed in the liver, spleen, kidney, intestine, and peripheral blood, and disappeared within 72 h. No substantial adverse symptoms were found in major organs after receiving phage injections continuously for 14 days. Vitro and Vivo results indicated that phage can effectively eliminate A. hydrophila-TPS. The phage vB_AhaP_PT2 (8 x 107 PFU/mL, 100 mu L) can effectively protect the fish that exhibited a double median lethal dose of bacteria (2 x 106 CFU/fish). Although phage vB_AhaP_PT2 triggered the generation of phage-specific antibodies in carp, when the antibody titer was maximum, 8 x 107 PFU doses of bacteriophage could still protect crucian carp with lethal bacterial infections, the survival rate could reach 80%. We also found that members of the genus Aeromonas could enter and colonize the intestine. The phage vB_AhaP_PT2 reduced the number of colonies of the genus Aeromonas. However, no significant changes were observed in alpha-diversity and beta-diversity parameters, which suggested that the consumed phage had little effect on the intestine microflora. All the above results suggested that vB_AhaP_PT2 was a safe and effective therapeutic that can be considered as a potential tool to treat the infection caused by A. hydrophilaTPS in aquaculture.
To evaluate the acute effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), static (SS) and dynamic (DS) stretching on flexibility, power, and balance in contemporary dancers and to analyze the time-dependent fl...
A simply and effective method, smoothed state-based peridynamics, is proposed to simulate the large deformation and fracture behaviors of general compressible hyperelasticity. The proposed method is developed from the...
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A simply and effective method, smoothed state-based peridynamics, is proposed to simulate the large deformation and fracture behaviors of general compressible hyperelasticity. The proposed method is developed from the state-based peridynamics, which can be defined directly from the given classical model by a corresponding deformation gradient. The handling way of modelling general hyperelastic material through the proposed method is described detailedly in this paper. The compressible Neo-Hookean model, density solution and other numerical technology are investigated. Some popular benchmark problems of hyperelasticity are solved successfully, including the Inflation of a hollow spherical ball, compressed cuboid, pinched cylinder and the elastomer fracture problems.
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