Background and Aim. Antituberculosis (anti-TB) drug-induced liver injury (ATLI) is a common and serious adverse drug reaction of tuberculosis treatment, and the incidence of ATLI has been reported to vary from 2.0% to...
Background and Aim. Antituberculosis (anti-TB) drug-induced liver injury (ATLI) is a common and serious adverse drug reaction of tuberculosis treatment, and the incidence of ATLI has been reported to vary from 2.0% to 28.0%. This study aims to estimate the incidence of ATLI in patients who receive anti-TB treatment and describe its temporal trend in the world. Methods. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses standards were followed, and the protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020200077). Five electronic databases were searched to identify eligible studies published between 1990 and 2022. Search terms included anti-TB treatment and drug-induced liver injury. Studies that reported the incidence of ATLI or provided sufficient data to calculate the incidence of ATLI were included, and duplicate studies were excluded. Meta-analysis was conducted on the basis of logit-transformed metrics for the incidence of ATLI with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), followed by a predefined subgroup meta-analysis. Temporal trend analyses were performed to describe the change in pooled incidence over time. A random effects metaregression was conducted to explore the source of heterogeneity. All statistical analyses were carried out using R 4.0.1. Results. A total of 160 studies from 156 records with 116147 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Based on the random effects model, the pooled incidence of ATLI was 11.50% (95% CI: 10.10%-12.97%) and showed an upward trend over time (P < 0.001). Patients who received first-line anti-TB drugs, patients in South America, and patients with hepatitis B and C virus coinfection had a higher incidence of ATLI (13.66%, 18.16%, and 39.19%, respectively). Sensitivity analyses also confirmed this robust incidence after the exclusion of some studies. The metaregression showed that different anti-TB regimens and geographical regions were important explanatory factors of the heterogeneity between studies. Conclusion
The interplay among topology, crystal symmetry, magnetic order, and strong electron correlation can give rise to a plethora of exotic physical phenomena. The ZrSiS family is known as typical topological Dirac semimeta...
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The interplay among topology, crystal symmetry, magnetic order, and strong electron correlation can give rise to a plethora of exotic physical phenomena. The ZrSiS family is known as typical topological Dirac semimetals, among them LnSbTe (Ln denotes lanthanide) compounds exhibit intriguing characteristics due to the presence of Ln 4f electrons, resulting in quantum states and unique properties. In this paper, the topological electronic structure of PrSbTe is systematically studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), combined with magnetic, specific heat measurements, and band structure calculations. The detailed three-dimensional electronic structure of PrSbTe has been obtained, and a diamond-shaped Fermi surface and multiple Dirac nodal lines have been observed, which are in remarkable agreement with theoretical calculations. Moreover, the 4f electrons in PrSbTe are rather localized, which can be revealed by on-resonant ARPES data and further confirmed by the rather small Sommerfeld coefficient of γ=2.6231mJ/molK2. Our results provide more detailed information about the LnSbTe family, which gives a deeper understanding of the interaction between Ln 4f electrons and the topological states.
Background: Closed-loop electronic medication management systems are effective measures for preventing medication errors (MEs). However, there is limited evidence supporting this, and few studies have evaluated the lo...
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Background: Closed-loop electronic medication management systems are effective measures for preventing medication errors (MEs). However, there is limited evidence supporting this, and few studies have evaluated the long-term effects of these systems on safe medication. Objective: To evaluate the long-term effects of implementing a closed-loop medication order executive system on the safe clinical use of medications. Design: A quasi-experimental design. Method: Data from 2017 to 2023 were extracted and retrospectively analyzed. The primary outcome indicator was the ME rate. Secondary outcome indicators were the accuracy of order verification and patient identification and the implementation rate of fresh medicine dispensing. The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model in time-series analysis was used to evaluate the level and trend changes in ME rates using SPSS 25.0 before and after system implementation. Root cause analysis and descriptive statistics were used to assess changes in types, stages, and causes of ME rates. The independent samples t-test was used to analyze secondary outcomes. Results: Overall, 295 MEs were reported with a mean of 0.26 +/- 0.26 ME rates per month during 2017-2023. The ARIMA model showed a decrease in the average level of ME rates after system implementation, with no statistically significant decrease in the long term, and a significant drop in the ME rate in the short and medium term (p < 0.01). Nurses' administration accounted for more than 60% of errors post-implementation, and lack of communication was a prominent factor. The accuracy of order verification and patient identification and the implementation rate of fresh medicine dispensing all increased after implementation. Conclusion: Adopting a closed-loop executive system is beneficial for ensuring patient medication safety, but a single integrated system does not completely eliminate MEs. Optimizing system functionalities and applying structured handoff tools are r
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