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Development of a Synthesis Process for a Novel HCV NS5A Inhibitor, Emitasvir

ORGANIC PROCESS RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 2021年第4期25卷 838-848页

作者： Xie, Hongming Liu, Haiwang Zhang, Yingjun huang, Enhuo Feng, Yahui Xiang, xuwen Fang, Qinghong Peng, Zhihong Dong, Wanrong An, Delie Hunan Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn State Key Lab Chemo Biosensing & Chemometr Changsha 410082 Hunan Peoples R China Sunshine Lake Pharma Co Ltd State Key Lab Antiinfect Drug Dev 2015DQ780357 Dongguan 523871 Peoples R China HEC Pharm Grp HEC Res & Dev Ctr Dongguan 523871 Peoples R China

A new approach to the synthesis of Emitasvir (DAG181), a small molecule hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) inhibitor, is described. Enantioselective enzymatic desymmetrization with hydrolases in the synthetical approach can significantly avoid the loss of chiral raw materials in the resolution process. The synthesis route is further optimized and scaled-up to establish a new process that is applied to the preparation of kilogram scales of target active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Compared with our initial process, the overall yield of target API was dramatically improved from 17 to 40%.

关键词： hepatitis C virus inhibitor Emitasvir enantioselective synthesis process development

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End-To-End Individual Pig Detection Based on Transfer Learning 6

End-To-End Individual Pig Detection Based on Transfer Learni...

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6th IEEE International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, PRAI 2023

作者： huang, Zihan Li, Hao Xiong, Xiaorui He, xuwen Song, Rui huang, Mengzhen Wuhan Polytechnic University School of Mathematics and Computer Science Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325485

Nowadays, monitoring animals manually on a large scale is challenging, while external devices can provide more prosperous and accurate information. Therefore, there are already applications incorporating wearable sensors to monitor individual pigs. With continued breakthroughs in computer vision, low-cost visible light cameras can help monitor pigs. CNN-based object detection methods have been applied to individual pig detection, but most rely on hand-designed components and require prior knowledge. Based on previous researchers' progress, we propose using DETR, an end-To-end object detection method, to detect individual pigs. Also, to adapt to our natural pig farm environment, we trained the model with transfer learning to achieve an AP of 0.995 on our collected dataset. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

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Evaluation of cultivars diversity and lipid composition properties of Idesia polycarpa var. vestita Diels

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JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2022年第9期87卷 3841-3855页

作者： Wen, Leyan Xiang, xuwen Wang, Zhirong Yang, Qingqing Guo, Zehang huang, Pimiao Mao, Jianmei An, Xiaofeng Kan, Jianquan Southwest Univ Coll Food Sci 2 Tiansheng Rd Chongqing 400715 Peoples R China Minist Agr & Rural Affairs Peoples Republ China Lab Qual & Safety Risk Assessment Agroprod Storag Chongqing Peoples R China Chinese Hungarian Cooperat Res Ctr Food Sci Chongqing Peoples R China Chongqing Key Lab Special Food Cobuilt Sichuan & Chongqing Peoples R China Chongqing Shanlinyuan Forestry Comprehens Dev Co Chongqing Peoples R China

Idesia polycarpa var. vestita Diels is a perennial deciduous tree widely distributed throughout China. Four I. polycarpa fruit of different cultivars with different fruit issues during the growth process were compared, which were on the basis of morphological characteristics and chemical compositions. The influencing factors of oil accumulation in I. polycarpa fruit and the correlation between different components were investigated, and the results revealed a negative correlation between oil content and total sugar (r = -0.930), ash (r = -0.606), and crude fiber (r = -0.952). Except for oil, none of the chemical components changed substantially during the growing phase, and most cultivars showed higher oil content in the pulp portion (14.14-43.99 g/100 g). Linoleic acid was the most abundant fatty acid in I. polycarpa oil (IPO), with values ranging from 52.18% to 66.65% (fruit), 55.44% to 65.15% (pulp), and 68.99% to 78.76% (seed). Principal component analysis revealed that Hubei varieties are more advantageous. Besides, the lipid composition of IPO was identified by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization Q-Exactive Focus mass spectrometry. The glyceride components of IPO were mostly composed of 22 triacylglycerols, 30 diacylglycerols, and 8 monoacyglycerols. Meanwhile, linoleic acid was mainly distributed in sn-2 and sn-3 positions. Practical Application Morphologic characteristics, chemical compositions, oil fatty acid profiles, and oil correlation factors of I. polycarpa were analyzed. The comprehensive score of oil quality by PCA in Hb fruit was the highest. The glyceride components of I. polycarpa oil were mainly composed of 22 triacylglycerols, 30 diacylglycerols, and eight monoacyglycerols.

关键词： chemical properties fatty acid profile Idesia polycarpa var vestita Diels lipid composition principal component analysis

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Impermeability performance and corrosion resistance mechanism of basalt fiber recycled concrete under the coastal tidal environment

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CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS 2024年 411卷

作者： Yang, Wenrui huang, Yuewen Tang, Zhiyi Xiong, Xiaolong Li, Chengwei Zhong, xuwen Liu, Liai Zhou, Hai Zhang, Xun East China Univ Technol Sch Civil & Architectural Engn Nanchang 330012 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Technol Sch Transportat & Logist Engn Wuhan 430063 Peoples R China

The application of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) can effectively reduce resource consumption and mitigate environmental pollution. Under the coastal tidal environments, the performance of concrete is significantly impacted by environmental degradation. Incorporating fibers into RAC can enhance its performance in such special conditions. This study investigates the variations in properties of RAC with different Basalt Fiber (BF) volume ratios (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%) under composite salt dry-wet cyclic erosion cycles (0 d, 30 d, 60 d, 90 d). The results from apparent corrosion morphology analysis, internal microstructure examination, and impermeability testing demonstrate that BF can effectively inhibit the expansion of micro cracks and micropores within the test block while improving the overall compactness of the internal structure of RAC. When the BF content reaches 1.0%, it exhibits an optimal toughening effect on RAC with significantly improved impermeability and corrosion resistance properties. Furthermore, this paper comprehensively summarizes and verifies the corrosion damage mechanism of Basalt Fiber Recycled Aggregate Concrete (BFRAC) under composite salt dry-wet cycles through chemical reaction principles. A salt solution erosion model for BFRAC is proposed to elucidate fiber crack resistance mechanisms and explain accelerated corrosion caused by ion crack channels within salt solutions. This proposed model provides theoretical support for understanding salt erosion damage in fiberreinforced concrete.

关键词： Coastal tidal environment Basalt fiber Recycled concrete Impermeability Corrosion mechanism

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The immunopotentiator CVC1302 enhances immune efficacy and protective ability of foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine in pigs

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VACCINE 2018年第52期36卷 7929-7935页

作者： Chen, Jin Yu, Xiaoming Zheng, Qisheng Hou, Liting Du, Luping Zhang, Yuanpeng Qiao, xuwen Hou, Jibo huang, Kehe Nanjing Agr Univ Coll Vet Med Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu Peoples R China Nanjing Agr Univ China Inst Nutr & Metab Disorders Domest Anim & F Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu Peoples R China Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci Inst Vet Immunol & Engn Nanjing 210014 Jiangsu Peoples R China Jiangsu Coinnovat Ctr Prevent & Control Important Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Peoples R China

The immunological enhancement characteristics of the immunopotentiator CVC1302 were evaluated for foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) inactivated vaccine in pigs. Eight-week-old piglets were vaccinated with the foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine alone (FMD-vaccine group) or with the addition of CVC1302 (FMD-CVC1302 group), and the serum liquid phase blocking ELISA (LPB-ELISA) antibody titers, IgG1 and IgG2 levels, and the levels of four cytokines secreted by peripheral blood lymphocytes were measured at 28 days post vaccination (dpv). In the FMD-CVC1302 group, the LPB-ELISA antibody titers, IgG1, and IgG2 titers, and IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-gamma levels at 28 dpv were significantly higher than those in the FMD-vaccine group. The FMD-CVC1302 group had long-lasting antibody titers (>7.8 log(2)), lasting for at least 6 months. In addition, piglets were vaccinated with or without addition of CVC1302 to the FMD vaccine at three different doses (1, 1/3, and 1/9 of the standard vaccine dose) and the serum LPBELISA antibody and serum neutralizing (SN) antibody titers were detected at 28 dpv. Then all pigs were challenged with virulent FMDV for PD50 value, and the levels of FMDV-specific RNA copies for the two full-dose groups at 3 and 10 days post challenge (dpc) were measured. The LPB-ELISA and SN antibody titers for the three doses in the FMD-CVC1302 groups were significantly higher than those in the FMD-vaccine groups at the same doses (p < 0.05). Post-virus challenge, the FMDV-specific RNA copy number in the FMD-CVC1302 group was lower than that in the FMD-vaccine group at 3 and 10 dpc. The PD50 value was 15.85 for the FMD-CVC1302 group, which was obviously higher than that for the FMD-vaccine group (10.96), and in the 1/9-dose of FMD-vaccine group only 3/5 pigs were protected. These results indicate that CVC1302 can enhance the immune efficacy and protective ability of the FMD vaccine in pigs. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Foot-and-mouth disease virus Inactivated vaccine Immunopotentiator CVC1302 Immune efficacy

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The infection of red seabream iridovirus in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) and the host immune related gene expression profiles

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FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018年 74卷 474-484页

作者： Liu, Xiaodan Chen, Nan Gao, Xiaojian Zhang, Yingying Li, Xixi Zhang, Yue Bing, xuwen huang, Hezhong Zhang, Xiaojun Yangzhou Univ Coll Anim Sci & Technol Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Peoples R China Chinese Acad Fishery Sci Freshwater Fisheries Res Ctr Minist Agr Key Lab Freshwater Fisheries & Germplasm Utilizat Wuxi 214081 Peoples R China Soochow Univ Fisheries Res Inst Sch Basic Med & Biol Sci Suzhou 215123 Peoples R China

Red Sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) was initially isolated from marine fish, which belongs to Megalocytivirus, Iridoviridae. It can cause great economic losses in fish culture with high morbidity and mortality. In the present study, the pathogenicity and immune response associated with a RSIV genotype megalocytivirus infection were determined in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi). Fish challenged showed typical clinical signs of iridovirus infection, including acute haemorrhages and enlarged visceral organs. Histopathological analysis revealed that extensive necrosis, vacuolization and inflammation were presented in the stomach, spleen, kidney and liver of the diseased fish. Blood cells counting and phagocytic assay indicated that the numbers of the red and white blood cells in the peripheral blood of infected fish increased significantly compared to the control group and the phagocytic percentage of leukocytes peaked at day 6 post infection. Quantitive real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was also undertaken to analyse the host defensive response in mandarin fish challenged with RSIV. The expression level of ten genes including interferon-related factors (IRFs) IRF1 and IRF7, Mx, Viperin, JAK1, STAT1, TCR alpha, TNF alpha, and IL-8 during experimental infection were monitored at different point of time in liver, spleen and head kidney. Results revealed varying expression profiles and clear transcriptional activation of these immune related genes in different tissues, which will contribute to better understand the pathogenesis and host defensive system in iridovirus invasion.

关键词： Megalocytivirus Red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) Mandarin fish Histopathological analysis Immune related genes

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Multi-scale Feature Fusion Extraction Structure for the Leather Defect Detection Algorithm 6

Multi-scale Feature Fusion Extraction Structure for the Leat...

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6th IEEE International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, PRAI 2023

作者： He, xuwen Li, Hao huang, Zihan Xiong, Xiaorui Liu, Yifan Yao, Yuting Wuhan Polytechnic University School of Mathematics and Computer Science Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325485

Detection of surface defects using computer vision is a pivotal technology for achieving intelligent manufacturing. Leather products are one of the most widely traded goods in the world, and automatic identification, localization, and detection of surface defects in leather are indispensable for achieving intelligent manufacturing of leather products. This research paper proposes FG-DETR, a multi-scale feature fusion extraction structure for small target detection algorithms. Given the recent success of deep learning methods in various related fields and that certain defects and flaws in leather pictures in our dataset are relatively small. FG-DETR is based on DETR with some improvements as follows, Initially, DETR's ResNet50 network performs feature extraction on the original image and produces four scales of feature maps. Second, we apply a modified Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) to downsample and upsample the four scales of feature maps, followed by the fusion and output of a single feature map. A Gaussian kernel and output then process the fused feature maps as the final feature maps. Finally, the feature maps are merged with the position encoding information and combined into the Transformer encoder-decoder architecture, resulting in the detection outcomes through the Position-wise Feed-Forward Networks (FFN). In our leather dataset, the FG-DETR model is more effective in detecting small targets than DETR, as our leather images are large, and the original DETR is nearly ineffective for images with relatively small defects. The average detection accuracy of medium and large targets also improved, with a 7.6 percentage point improvement at AP50. The experimental findings demonstrate that the multi-scale feature fusion extraction structure significantly enhances the detection accuracy of DETR. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Computer vision

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Review of catalytic pyrolysis of biomass for bio-oil

Review of catalytic pyrolysis of biomass for bio-oil

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International Conference on Materials for Renewable Energy and Environment

作者： Shi, Kaiqi Shao, Shuangxi huang, Qiang Liang, xuwen Lan, Jiang Ya, Li Key Laboratory of Biomass Green Transformation Ningbo University of Technology Ningbo China

ISBN: (纸本)9781612847504

Pyrolysis utilizes biomass to produce a liquid product bio-oil which is widely used as a potential energy source and a low-cost feedstock for chemical production. Considerable efforts have been made to convert biomass to bio-oil since the oil crisis in mid-1970s. This review focuses on the recent developments in catalysts used in pyrlysis of biomass for bio-oil production. In this review, 5 types of catalysts such as metal oxide, molecular sieve, mineral, transition metal and others, have been given. Molecular sieves, such as HZSM-5, ZSM-5, MCM-41, SBA-15, HUSY, REY and their modified catalysts are most widely used in biomass catalytic pyrolysis process. The effects of catalysts on bio-oil yields, quality, composition, stability etc. are also discussed. Although catalysts in pyrolysis of biomass produce markedly influences on bio-oil products, the variety of catalyst types and properties make generalizations difficult to define, in regard to trying to critically analyze the literature. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Biomass

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Impact of gender and age on 6-Minute Walking Test performance of patients with coronary heart disease compared to healthy elders 43

Impact of gender and age on 6-Minute Walking Test performanc...

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43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE-Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (IEEE EMBC)

作者： Liu, Lin Ma, Mei Yang, xuwen Yang, Yifan huang, Xiayu Meng, Lin Ming, Dong Tianjin Univ Acad Med Engn & Translat Med Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Chest Hosp Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Int Engn Inst Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728111797

The performance of 6-minute walking test (6MWT) of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) was significantly related to patients' cardiopulmonary functions. The 6MWT may provide prognostic information for patients. However, the impact of gender and age on the 6MWT performance and related cardiopulmonary parameters of patients with CHD compared to the healthy group has not be fully investigated and discussed. In this study, a total of 118 subjects, including 70 CHD patients and 48 healthy elders, were enrolled. The subjects performed the 6MWT while fourteen cardiopulmonary parameters were measured during the task and the walking distance was recorded at the end. Factors of gender, age, and disease on the 6MWT performance were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance and the parameters between the patients and healthy people in age- and gender-specific subgroups were compared by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results showed that age (60-65 and >= 65 years) and gender significantly influenced the 6MWT performance of subjects. Featured parameters were observed in older subgroups (>= 65 years) between the patients and healthy people while patients aged 60-65 had similar 6MWT performance with the healthy control group. It would be potential to distinguish patients with CHD from healthy elders based on the 6MWT where factors of age and gender should be considered.

关键词： 6-minute walking test walking distance coronary heart disease cardiopulmonary function

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A Three-Dimensional Cyclic Multiplication - Convolution Neural Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification 19

A Three-Dimensional Cyclic Multiplication - Convolution Neur...

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2022 IEEE SmartWorld, 19th IEEE International Conference on Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing, 2022 IEEE International Conference on Autonomous and Trusted Vehicles Conference, 22nd IEEE International Conference on Scalable Computing and Communications, 2022 IEEE International Conference on Digital Twin, 8th IEEE International Conference on Privacy Computing and 2022 IEEE International Conference on Metaverse, SmartWorld/UIC/ATC/ScalCom/DigitalTwin/PriComp/Metaverse 2022

作者： Xiong, Xiaorui huang, Zihan Sheng, Zhongyin Xu, Zihan He, xuwen Lin, Qiaoling Wuhan Polytechnic University School of Mathematics and Computer Science Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350346558

Hyperspectral images have a large amount of spectral and spatial information, and play a significant role in remote sensing. However, the traditional image classification techniques are no longer applicable to the developing hyperspectral remote sensing images, and how to reasonably utilize the rich feature information of hyperspectral images to obtain high-accuracy classification results has become one of the most important research topics at present. This paper proposes a new 3D convolutional neural network to solve the problem of feature wastage in hyperspectral images. The framework cycles the convolutional kernel size, and the number of convolutional kernels increases in a multiplicative relationship for hyperspectral image classification (CM-CNN). Compared with existing neural network frameworks on different datasets, CMCNN achieves the highest Kappa coefficient and confusion matrix accuracy, which are stable at above 95%. From the classification results, there are almost no obvious classification errors. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Image classification

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