Antiferromagnets have shown great potential for replacing ferromagnets in spintronics applications in recent years. In this work, antiferromagnetic La0.35Sr0.65MnO3 (AFM-LSMO) thin films were grown on ultrathin ferrom...
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Antiferromagnets have shown great potential for replacing ferromagnets in spintronics applications in recent years. In this work, antiferromagnetic La0.35Sr0.65MnO3 (AFM-LSMO) thin films were grown on ultrathin ferromagnetic La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (FM-LSMO) layer over a wide temperature range. The different AFM-LSMO growth temperatures introduced variation of strain states in the AFM-LSMO layer, changing the AFM-LSMO magnetic properties. Considering the thermally activated switching model of antiferromagnetic grains, the behaviour of AFM-LSMO growth temperature-dependent exchange bias effect are explained. This work demonstrates the modulation of exchange bias effect through the control of AFM-LSMO growth conditions, suggesting possibility to control and probe oxide antiferromagnets via exchange bias coupling.
由于其高容量和丰富的资源,过渡金属硫化物(TMS)已被证明是钾离子电池具有吸引力的负极材料之一.然而,TMS通常受到导电性差和体积膨胀大的限制,可能导致结构不稳定和电池循环性能差.本工作通过将超小Cu_(2)S纳米粒子植入碳纳米线(Cu_(2)S@C NWs),显著减轻了纳米粒子聚集和有害的结构退化.与传统的Cu_(2)S颗粒相比,每根纳米线的体积变化都得到了有效调节,这极大地改善了形态完整性,从而显著提高了循环寿命.正如预期的那样,Cu_(2)S@C NW负极可提供391.1 mA h g^(-1)的大可逆容量,在5 A g^(-1)时具有118.1 mA h g^(-1)的出色倍率性能,以及在2 A g^(-1)下经过500次循环后77.2%的高容量保持率.此外,当Cu_(2)S@C NW负极与KVP04F/CNTs正极组装形成钾离子全电池时,在50 mA g^(-1)下循环100次后显示出110.8 mA h g^(-1)的良好放电容量.这种纳米颗粒阻聚策略拓宽了纳米工程的视野,以释放嵌脱钾引起的应力,并促进钾离子电池高效负极的进一步发展.
In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), stromal cells and matrix proteins form a dense physical barrier that, while preventing the outward spread of tumor cells, also limits the penetration of drugs and CD8+ T cel...
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In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), stromal cells and matrix proteins form a dense physical barrier that, while preventing the outward spread of tumor cells, also limits the penetration of drugs and CD8+ T cells inward. Additionally, the overactivated TGF-beta/SMAD signaling pathway further promotes matrix proliferation and immune suppression. Therefore, crossing the stromal barrier while preserving the integrity of the stroma, releasing drugs intratumorally, remodeling the stroma, and activating the immune system is a promising drug delivery strategy. In this work, a type of enamine N-oxides modified nanoparticle was prepared, with stearic acid-modified gemcitabine prodrug (GemC18) and pSMAD2/3 inhibitor galunisertib encapsulated. The peripheral enamine N-oxides can trigger transcytosis and then respond to hypoxia and acidic microenvironments, turning the surface charge of the nanoparticles to a positive charge and enhancing penetration. The released galunisertib inhibits the TGF-beta/SMAD signaling pathway, reshapes the matrix, activates antitumor immunity, and combines with gemcitabine (Gem) to kill tumor cells.
Accumulating evidence shows that RAGE has an important function in the pathogenesis of sepsis. However, the mechanisms by which RAGE transduces signals to downstream kinase cascades during septic shock are not clear. ...
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Accumulating evidence shows that RAGE has an important function in the pathogenesis of sepsis. However, the mechanisms by which RAGE transduces signals to downstream kinase cascades during septic shock are not clear. Here, we identify SLP76 as a binding partner for the cytosolic tail of RAGE both in vitro and in vivo and demonstrate that SLP76 binds RAGE through its sterile alpha motif (SAM) to mediate downstream signaling. Genetic deficiency of RAGE or SLP76 reduces AGE-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and IKK alpha/beta, as well as cytokine release. Delivery of the SAM domain into macrophages via the TAT cell-penetrating peptide blocks proinflammatory cytokine production. Furthermore, administration of TAT-SAM attenuates inflammatory cytokine release and tissue damage in mice subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and protects these mice from the lethality of sepsis. These findings reveal an important function for SLP76 in RAGE-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling and shed light on the development of SLP76-targeted therapeutics for sepsis.
Apart from the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the efficacy of immunotherapy for glioblastoma (GBM) is limited by the presence of intrinsic and adaptive immune resistance, implying that co-delivery of various immunotherape...
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Apart from the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the efficacy of immunotherapy for glioblastoma (GBM) is limited by the presence of intrinsic and adaptive immune resistance, implying that co-delivery of various immunotherapeutic agents or simultaneous regulation of different cells is urgently needed. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) offer a unique advantage in the treatment of GBM, owing to their multifunctional properties as carriers and immune adjuvants and their ability to cross the BBB. However, traditional OMVs can lead to toxic side effects and disruption of tight junctions in the BBB. Therefore, to enhance the in vivo safety and targeting capability of OMVs, we introduced engineered OMVs to reduce toxicity and further constructed a modularly assembled nanoplatform by performing simple peptide modifications. This nanoplatform demonstrates satisfactory biosafety and is able to continuously cross the BBB and target GBM with the assistance of Angiopep-2. Subsequently, immunogenic substances on OMVs, along with carried small-interfering RNA (siRNA) and doxorubicin, can promote and enhance the reprogramming and phagocytic abilities of macrophages and microglia, respectively, and increase the immunogenicity of GBM, ultimately overcoming GBM immune resistance to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. This OMVs-based nanoplatform provides a new paradigm and insights into the development of immunotherapy for GBM.
目的探讨食管闭锁术后经鼻胃管进行高能量密度的早期肠内营养模式对术后恢复的影响。方法收集2016年1月至2022年12月在天津市儿童医院一期食管吻合手术治疗的Ⅲb型先天性食管闭锁36例患儿的资料,所有患儿均于术后早期经鼻胃管进行肠内营养(enteral nutrition,EN)。根据所使用配方奶能量密度分为两组:一组为早期微量EN组17例,其中男11例,女6例,胎龄为(38.8±1.3)周,出生体重为(2.6±0.3)kg,术后早期给予深度水解配方奶微量喂养;另一组早期强化EN组19例,其中男13例,女6例,胎龄为(38.5±1.8)周,出生体重为(2.8±0.4)kg,术后早期给予高能量密度深度水解配方奶喂养。两组均根据胃肠道耐受情况,逐步增加肠内营养量,最终过渡至完全经口喂养。采用IBM SPSS Statistics 26软件处理所有数据,符合正态分布的定量资料用独立样本t检验,非正态分布用非参数检验。结果两组在术前一般指标、手术方式、喂养不耐受、术后首次排便时间、术后14 d血清前白蛋白水平及术后1个月年龄别体重Z值(weight for age z score,WAZ)方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);早期强化EN组术后7 d血清前白蛋白水平、日均体重增长、达到全肠内营养时间、住院时长、住院总费用方面明显优于早期微量EN组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新生儿食管闭锁术后早期高能量密度的肠内营养有助于改善围手术期营养状态,缩短住院时间及减少医疗花费,值得临床推广。
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